Search results for "Percept"

An Ecological Conceptualization of Extreme Sports

2018

Currently, there are various definitions for extreme sports and researchers in the field have been unable to advance a consensus on what exactly constitutes an ‘extreme’ sport. Traditional theory-led explanations, such as edgeworks, sensation seeking and psychoanalysis, have led to inadequate conceptions. These frameworks have failed to capture the depth and nuances of experiences of individuals who refute the notions of risk-taking, adrenaline- and thrill-seeking or death-defiance. Instead, participants are reported to describe experiences as positive, deeply meaningful and life-enhancing. The constant evolution of emerging participation styles and philosophies, expressed within and across…

The micro-macro link in understanding sport tactical behaviours: Integrating information and action at different levels of system analysis in sport

2015

Les liens micro-macroscopiques sont centraux dans les sciences du mouvement humain dans la mesure ou ils correspondent aux coordinations et aux echelonnages des comportements moteurs a differents niveaux d’analyse des systemes complexes. Cet aspect de la complexite est un point cle permettant de considerer decision et action comme un comportement de transition a differents niveaux lors de la realisation d’une performance. Les transitions exprimees en termes de bifurcations sont une part importante du mecanisme universel de decision. Les transitions de phase fournissent aussi un moyen de comprendre les liens micro-macro. Dans cet article de synthese, nous developpons un point de vue qui expl…

The micro-macro link in understanding sport tactical behaviours: Integrating information and action at different levels of system analysis in sport

2015

The micro-macro link is a central issue of human movement sciences because it directly refers to coordination and scalability of movement behaviour at different levels of analysis in a complex system. This feature of complexity is a key feature to consider decisions and actions as transitional behaviours at different levels during performance. Transitions expressed through bifurcations are an important part of a universal decisionmaking process. Here we explain how individuals perform decision-making behaviours in a minimal social performance unit ( competing dyads), and how these two levels are linked in a sports team. Finally we discuss some applications of the micro-macro links for the d…

Seeing Gravity: Gait Adaptations to Visual and Physical Inclines – A Virtual Reality Study

2020

Using advanced virtual reality technology, we demonstrate that exposure to virtual inclinations visually simulating inclined walking induces gait modulations in a manner consistent with expected gravitational forces (i.e., acting upon a free body), suggesting vision-based perception of gravity. The force of gravity critically impacts the regulation of our movements. However, how humans perceive and incorporate gravity into locomotion is not well understood. In this study, we introduce a novel paradigm for exposing humans to incongruent sensory information under conditions constrained by distinct gravitational effects, facilitating analysis of the consistency of human locomotion with expecte…

Tension design of contemporary orchestral music in different performances of "Sula" by Helena Tulve

2009

Cognitive musicology is a psychological domain of music which attempts to proximity several interpretations as notation in a score, analysis, performance, and perception. The previous study of the authors developes the interdisciplinary analysis method of tension design combining music theoretical and perception approaches (investigating contemporary music). In this study we observe different performances of „Sula“ (Thaw, 1999) by Estonian composer Helena Tulve (1972). We investigate the impact of performance style of different conductors (Toomas Vavilov, Paul Mägi) and orchestras (ERSO, Orchestra of Estonian National Opera) on the perception-based tension design of the piece and how it is …

La perception occidentale contemporaine du corps monstreux

2008

Security and perceptions of security

2017

One of the ways of analysing complex systems is studying them by building simplified models of some phenomena and evaluating them. By evaluation of a model we understand making some predictions and verifying whether such predictions are reflected in the reality. Knowledge of an underlying model of a social security enables us to foresee dangerous events and minimize potential losses or even prevent them, when possible. To be able to draw substantial conclusions, created model should be based on meaningful assumptions. One of the potential sources of error is to equate the feeling of safety with the safety itself. Such statement is false and can lead to draw incorrect conclusions. In this pa…

A Phenomenological Framework for Neuroscience?

2006

I try to sketch what a phenomenological constraint for the Neuroscience would be consisting of. I maintain that an adequate phenomenology is a condition for the Neurosciences to account for our every-day experience of the world in its broadest sense. As a guideline for it, I assume the phenomenological description of our actual experience of things, others, meanings and values provided by the Gestaltpsychology tradition. In order to prove its usefulness, I discuss the explanatory gap Cognitive Sciences are actually facing to. Then I propose some arguments drawn by Köhler's dynamical theory, to show what a solution of the explanatory gap might look like, and how the phenomenological and neur…

On Happy Dance : Emotion Recognition in Dance Movements

2013

Movements are capable of conveying emotions, as shown for instance in studies on both non-verbal gestures and music-specific movements performed by instrumentalists or professional dancers. Since dancing/moving to music is a common human activity, this study aims at investigating whether quasi-spontaneous music-induced movements of non-professional dancers can convey emotional qualities as well. From a movement data pool of 60 individuals dancing to 30 musical stimuli, the performances of four dancers that moved most notably, and four stimuli representing happiness, anger, sadness, and tenderness were chosen to create a set of stimuli containing the four audio excerpts, 16 video excerpts (w…

Figure skating coaching in the contemporary sport culture : Finnish figure skating coaches' perceptions about their work

2016

Coaching as a profession in Finland in perceived as a challenging job. Lack of appreciation and support, scarce resources, and demanding working environment are placing coaches under a lot of pressure. In addition, coaches play a key role in the lives of their athletes and are therefore dealing with a variety of expectations and demands. These are not always set by the coaches themselves, but also from outside stakeholders, such as parents of the athletes, and national and international sport governing federations. On one hand coaches need to be demanding, authoritarian, and goal-oriented, but on the other hand, they need to be empathetic, friendly and supportive. During the past few decade…