Search results for "Peroxidation"
showing 10 items of 308 documents
Iridoid extracts from Ajuga iva increase the antioxidant enzyme activities in red blood cells of rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet.
2010
The lyophilized aqueous extract of Ajuga iva (Ai) is able to reduce oxidative stress, which may prevent lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolemic rats. Iridoids (I) were isolated from Ai. We hypothesized that the antioxidant defense status in red blood cells (RBC) and tissues in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet and treated with Ai may be correlated to these compounds. Male Wistar rats (n = 32) weighing 120 +/- 5 g were fed a diet containing 1% cholesterol for 15 days. After this phase, hypercholesterolemic (HC) rats were divided into groups, fed the same diet, and received either the same or different doses (5, 10, or 15 mg/kg body weight by intraperitoneal injection) of I for 15 days. Com…
Changes in antioxidant defense status in hypercholesterolemic rats treated with Ajuga iva.
2007
Abstract The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Ajuga iva ( Ai ) on serum and tissues lipid peroxidation as well as antioxidant enzymes activities in red blood cells (RBC) and tissues, in high hypercholesterolemic rats (HC). Male Wistar rats ( n =12) were fed on 1% cholesterol-enriched diet for 15 d. After this adaptation phase, hypercholesterolemic rats (total cholesterol=6.5±0.6 mol/l) were divided into two groups fed the same diet and treated or not with Ai for 15 d. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) concentrations in serum, LDL-HDL 1 , HDL 2 and HDL 3 were respectively, 5-, 7.8-, 2.3- and 5-fold lower in Ai treated than untreated hyperchol…
Antioxidant enzyme activities and the production of MDA and 8-oxo-dG in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
2001
Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a neoplastic disease susceptible to antioxidant enzyme alterations and oxidative stress. We have examined the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio together with the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) in lymphocytes of CLL patients and compared them with those of normal subjects of the same age. SOD and CAT activity decreased in CLL lymphocytes while GPx activity increased. GSH content of CLL lymphocytes also increased, and GSSG concentration remained constant. Thus, a reduced GSSG/GSH ratio was obtaine…
BCL-2 UPREGULATION AFTER 3-NITROPROPIONIC ACID PRECONDITIONING IN WARM RAT LIVER ISCHEMIA
2008
We aimed to determine whether 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) preconditioning protects rat livers against warm ischemia/reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that 3-NPA mediates its protective effects by Bcl-2 upregulation. Brown-Norway rats (200 g) were injected with 3-NPA (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) 24 h before 90 min of selective warm in situ ischemia. In additional experiments, 30-day survival was studied after 90 min of warm liver ischemia and resection of nonischemic liver tissue. We demonstrate increased mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2 by real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis in 3-NPA-pretreated rats. All treated animals survived, whereas …
REDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS DURING ACELLULAR REPERFUSION OF THE RAT LIVER AFTER HYPOTHERMIC OSCILLATING PERFUSION
1999
Background ATP resynthesis during reperfusion after liver preservation has been shown to be well correlated with the function of transplanted grafts. Nevertheless, the advantages of a cellular energy charge loading during the preservation period are yet not fully understood. This study evaluates the effects of different nucleotide levels at the end of preservation on metabolic changes and oxidative stress during reperfusion. Methods Two experimental groups were chosen reflecting different energy charge states after preservation: static cold storage for 10 hr and hypothermic oxygenated oscillating perfusion for 10 hr. In both experimental groups, normothermic ex vivo acellular reperfusion ov…
Effects of dietary treatment of rats with eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid on hepatic lipid metabolism
1998
(1) Effects of dietary treatment of male albino rats with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid on hepatic mitochondrial lipid metabolism have been investigated. (2) Mitochondria isolated from rats given these treatments were shown to have increased ability to respire on acyl-CoA esters in the presence of malonate. This effect was expressed with most of the long-chain acyl-CoA esters used as substrates. When malonate in the incubations was replaced with malate, mitochondria from treated animals were found to exhibit diminished rates of respiration on polyunsaturated acyl-CoA esters, in particular linolenoyl-, eicosapentaenoyl- and docosahexaenoyl-CoA. This phenomenon could not…
Changes in lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense status in spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar rats fed a diet enriched with fructose and s…
2005
Abstract Objective Larger doses of fructose and saturated fat have been associated with oxidative stress and development of hypertension. The effects of modest amounts of fructose and saturated fatty acids on oxidative stress are unknown. Methods To increase knowledge on this question, 10-wk-old spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar rats were fed for 8 wk with a control diet or an experimental diet enriched with fructose (18%) and saturated fatty acids (11%; FS diet). The total antioxidant status of organs and red blood cells was assayed by monitoring the rate of free radical-induced red blood cell hemolysis. Sensitivity of very low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein (VLDL…
Study of the Correlations among Some Parameters of the Oxidative Status, Gelatinases, and Their Inhibitors in a Group of Subjects with Metabolic Synd…
2014
Our aim was to examine some parameters of oxidative status, gelatinases, and their inhibitors and to evaluate their interrelationships in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). We enrolled 65 MS subjects, subdivided according to the presence or not of diabetes mellitus. We examined lipid peroxidation (expressed as thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, TBARS), protein oxidation (expressed as carbonyl groups), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), total antioxidant status (TAS), MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2. We found that MS subjects, diabetics and nondiabetics, showed an increase in TBARS, PC, and NOx. A significant decrease in TAS was observed only in nondiabetic MS subjects in comparison …
Protection effect of endurance training against reoxygenation-induced injuries in rat heart
1990
Endurance training by swimming (219-229 h) resulted in a significant protection against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injuries in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. The protection was manifested as improved flow characteristics and a smaller release of creatine kinase into the perfusate. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was lower in the trained than in the respective control hearts. The trained hearts also showed a lower reoxygenation-induced increase in TBARS. The myocardium of the right ventricle and that of the left subepimyocardium were the most affected by reoxygenation. The swimming program induced a decrease in the activities of catalase and glutath…
Lasting downregulation of the lipid peroxidation enzymes in the prefrontal cortex of mice susceptible to stress-induced anhedonia
2015
International audience; Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in the brain are involved in neuropsychiatric pathologies, including depression. 14- or 28-day chronic stress model induced a depressive syndrome defined by lowered reward sensitivity in C57BL/6J mice and changed gene expression of peroxidation enzymes as shown in microarray assays. We studied how susceptibility or resilience to anhedonia is related to lipid peroxidation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). With 14-day stress, a comparison of the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) revealed a decrease of the first two measures in suscepti…