Search results for "Personality development"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
Integrating Personality Structure, Personality Process, and Personality Development
2017
In this target article, we argue that personality processes, personality structure, and personality development have to be understood and investigated in integrated ways in order to provide comprehensive responses to the key questions of personality psychology. The psychological processes and mechanisms that explain concrete behaviour in concrete situations should provide explanation for patterns of variation across situations and individuals, for development over time as well as for structures observed in intra–individual and inter–individual differences. Personality structures, defined as patterns of covariation in behaviour, including thoughts and feelings, are results of those processe…
Mentoring of newly qualified teachers. A bilateral comparison between Germany and Finland
2017
Mentoring stellt in der Begleitung von in den Beruf einsteigenden Lehrpersonen eine international gängige Praxis dar. Ausgehend von theoretischen und empirisch fundierten Annahmen wird in diesem Beitrag der Ansatz der practice architectures genutzt, um Formen des Mentorings in Deutschland und Finnland im Hinblick auf länderspezifische Verständnisse vom Berufseinstieg von Lehrpersonen und deren Professionalisierung zu untersuchen. (DIPF/Orig.) Internationally, mentoring is a well-recognized practice in supporting newly qualified teachers. Based on theoretical and empirical understanding, this paper compares mentoring practices in two countries: Germany and Finland. The theoretical framework …
Visible but unreported: a case for the "not serious enough" cases of child maltreatment.
1995
This study examined the psychosocial characteristics of cases of child maltreatment labelled as "not serious enough." The sample consisted of cases of suspected physical abuse (N = 48), neglect (N = 13), and psychological maltreatment (N = 8) identified by teachers, and a nonabused comparison group (N = 283). Characteristics of children and their parents were evaluated at three ecological levels: individual, family, and social. Results indicated a poor personal and social adjustment of the children in the maltreatment groups, and suggest that the definition of cases of maltreatment as not serious enough does not represent the psychological reality of these children. Discriminant analysis in…
The stability of sense of coherence: comparing two age groups in a 5-year follow-up study
2003
In the original theoretical formulation, Antonovsky (1987a) proposed that sense of coherence is a developmental construct that becomes stabilized at the age of 30. The present 5-year follow-up study was designed to test this hypothesis by investigating the differences in stability in sense of coherence among two age groups the younger group of which consisted of individuals under and the older group of individuals over 30 years of age. The participants were Finnish technical designers (N=352) of whom 40% (n=141) comprised the younger age group (25–29 years) and 60% (n=211) the older age group (35–40 years). The 13-item Orientation to Life Questionnaire (Antonovsky, 1987a) was used to measur…
The shared image guiding the treatment process. A precondition for integration of the treatment of schizophrenia.
1994
The aim of the study reported here was to develop psychotherapeutic in-patient treatment for acute schizophrenia, following the principles of a need-adapted approach. To improve the integration of experiences which hospital staff have with acutely psychotic patients and their families, systematic supervision sessions were organised. In these sessions, it was possible to achieve shared psychological images through which the whole staff could integrate patients' behaviour and symptoms, both symbolic and non-symbolic. Such an image was called ‘the shared image guiding the treatment process’ (SIGTP). The process of achieving the SIGTP was interpreted through Peircean semiotics, especially the c…
Dynamics of Changes in Preschool Teacher Preparation Programs (1950-2010)
2015
<p>Each period is characterized by its specific features which are the base for forming learning values, educational process principles for higher education, educational aims for future teachers. The development of pedagogy subject as an academic discipline is a prime example of political and social developments of society impact.<br />The preparation of professional pre-school teacher and the implementation of the curriculum are topical problems in previous and current Latvian socio-economic and educational context. Changes in preschool teacher preparation program design and implementation are given an opportunity to compare, try and select the most valuable to fit the today’s …
Verzögerte Identitätsentwicklung, Familienbeziehungen und Psychopathologie: Zusammenhänge bei gesunden und klinisch auffälligen Heranwachsenden
2018
Zusammenfassung. In einer vergleichenden Studie an gesunden Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen sowie einer Gruppe von Patienten (gesamt N = 732) wurde die Identitätsentwicklung im Kontext von Identitätsstress, elterlichen dysfunktionalen Erziehungsstilen und Symptombelastung untersucht. Erwartungsgemäß fand sich in der Gruppe der Patienten eine arretierte Identitätsentwicklung mit hohen Werten in ruminativer Exploration, besonders viel Identitätsstress und eine hohe externalisierende und internalisierende Symptombelastung; die elterlichen Erziehungsstile waren durch viel mütterliche psychologische Kontrolle bei fehlender Unterstützung zusammen mit einer ängstlichen väterlichen Erziehung g…
Stability of aggressive behavior from childhood to middle age in women and men
2005
The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of aggression from childhood to middle age in women and men. The participants were drawn from the Finnish Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, where aggression in 145 women and 154 men was assessed at ages 8, 14, 36, and 42. Data were collected at ages 8 and 14 by teacher ratings and peer nominations, and at ages 36 and 42 by self-ratings on aggression. The stability of aggression from childhood to middle adulthood was tested using three different LISREL models: a simplex model; a model linking aggression at age 8 to age 14 to a latent adult aggression variable (ages 36 and 42); and a model linking a laten…
The Role of Family Background, School Success, and Career Orientation in the Development of Sense of Coherence
2005
Abstract. This study investigates family background (child-centered parenting, parental socioeconomic status), school success in adolescence, and career orientation (education, stability of career line) in adulthood as antecedents of adult sense of coherence (SOC; Antonovsky, 1987a ), which has been posited to be a disposition crucial to understanding individual differences in successful coping with stress. Participants (104 men and 98 women) were drawn from the ongoing Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (JYLS), which was started when the participants were 8- or 9-year-old children (in 1968). Data gathered at ages 14, 27, 36, and 42 were used in this study. …
Emotion regulation strategies in relation to personality characteristics indicating low and high self-control of emotions
1999
Abstract The study was part of the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, in which children's (196 boys, 173 girls) behavioral characteristics indicating the self-control of emotions were studied at age 8 using teacher ratings. At age 36, 140 men and 128 women filled in several inventories, including the Meta-Regulation Scale [Mayer, J. D., & Stevens, A. A. (1994). An emerging understanding of the reflective (meta-)experience of mood. Journal of Research in Personality , 28 , 351–373] and the Karolinska Scales of Personality [Af Klinteberg, B., Schalling, D., & Magnusson, D. (1986). Childhood behavior and adult personality in male and female subjects. European J…