Search results for "Pest control"
showing 10 items of 221 documents
Some predacious mites of Greece, with a description of one new species (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae)
1977
Typhlodromus hellenicus sp. nov. is described and illustrated. The following 11 additional species were recorded:T. pyri Scheuten, sensu Abbasova,T. exhilaratus Ragusa,T. recki Wainstein,T. kerkirae Swirski and Ragusa,Amblyseius cinctutus Livshitz and Kuznetsov,A. stipulates Athias-Henriot, A. aff.finlandicus (Oudemans), A. aff.aberrans (Oudemans),A. potentillae (Garman),Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, andPhytoseius (Phytoseius) finitimus Ribaga.
In Search of Pathogens: Transcriptome-Based Identification of Viral Sequences from the Pine Processionary Moth (Thaumetopoea pityocampa)
2015
Thaumetopoea pityocampa (pine processionary moth) is one of the most important pine pests in the forests of Mediterranean countries, Central Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Apart from causing significant damage to pinewoods, T. pityocampa occurrence is also an issue for public and animal health, as it is responsible for dermatological reactions in humans and animals by contact with its irritating hairs. High throughput sequencing technologies have allowed the fast and cost-effective generation of genetic information of interest to understand different biological aspects of non-model organisms as well as the identification of potential pathogens. Using these technologies, we have o…
Experimental Study on Diflubenzuron: Degradation in Freshwater and Bioconcentration in Mosquitofish Following Chronic Exposure
2013
ISSN: 2152-2197 ; ESSN: 2152-2219. Editeur commercial : Scientific Research Publishing; International audience; Diflubenzuron (DFB, trade name dimilin® 25 WP) is a chitin synthesis inhibitor widely used against forest insect pests in Algeria. Prior to implementation of these products as chemical agents for mosquito control, knowledge on their potential effects on non-target organisms and its behaviour in water are needed. Therefore, the present study was focused on DFB and aimed to use an HPLC procedure developed previously in order to obtain information on its degradation in freshwater and its bioconcentration in adult females of the fish Gambusia affinis (Cyprinodondiformes, Poeciliidae),…
Mannose phosphate isomerase isoenzymes in Plutella xylostella support common genetic bases of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins in Llpidopt…
2001
ABSTRACT A strong correlation between two mannose phosphate isomerase (MPI) isoenzymes and resistance to Cry1A toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis has been found in a Plutella xylostella population. MPI linkage to Cry1A resistance had previously been reported for a Heliothis virescens population. The fact that the two populations share similar biochemical, genetic, and cross-resistance profiles of resistance suggests the occurrence of homologous resistance loci in both species.
Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Field-Evolved Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xyloste…
2004
ABSTRACT The long-term usefulness of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins, either in sprays or in transgenic crops, may be compromised by the evolution of resistance in target insects. Managing the evolution of resistance to B. thuringiensis toxins requires extensive knowledge about the mechanisms, genetics, and ecology of resistance genes. To date, laboratory-selected populations have provided information on the diverse genetics and mechanisms of resistance to B. thuringiensis , highly resistant field populations being rare. However, the selection pressures on field and laboratory populations are very different and may produce resistance genes with distinct characteristics. In order to better…
Preliminary study on the biology, natural enemies and chemical control of the invasive Macrohomotoma gladiata (Kuwayama) on urban Ficus microcarpa L.…
2015
[EN] The phenology and natural enemies of Macrohomotoma gladiata (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera. Homotomidae) on Ficus microcarpa L. in Valencia (Spain) were studied in 2013. During the study, all immature instars of the pest were found on infested shoots indicating overlapping generations. However, two consistent increases in the proportion of the first two nymphal instars were detected in early March and June, possibly suggesting the beginning of spring and summer generations. Eggs of Macrohomotoma gladiata were usually found below the stipules of new healthy shoots, arranged in groups of 15-30 units. First two nymphal instars usually preferred the innermost part of the shoot, whereas the older de…
Proteolytic Processing ofBacillus thuringiensisCryIIIA Toxin and Specific Binding to Brush-Border Membrane Vesicles ofLeptinotarsa decemlineata(Color…
1996
Abstract The mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins in lepidopteran insects is known to involve five steps: ingestion, solubilization, protease activation, binding to midgut membrane receptors, and disruption of the intestinal membrane. Two of these steps, protease activation and binding to midgut membrane receptors, have been analyzed in the major potato pest, the coleoptera Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado potato beetle). Unlike recently proposed, after treatment of the coleopteran-specific B. thuringiensis toxin CryIIIA with gut content from the Colorado potato beetle, a 42-kDa processing polypeptide has been identified. The study of binding to midgut membrane …
Functional significance of membrane associated proteolysis in the toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa toxin against Colorado potato beetle.
2012
Abstract Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins are widely used as biocontrol agents in bioinsecticides and transgenic plants. In the three domain-Cry toxins, domain II has been identified as an important determinant of their highly specific activity against insects. In this work, we assessed the role in membrane associated proteolysis and toxicity in Colorado potato beetle (CPB) of a previously reported ADAM recognition motif present in Cry3Aa toxin domain II. We used site-directed mutagenesis to modify the Bacillus thuringiensis cry3A gene in amino acid residues 344, 346, 347, 351 and 353 of the ADAM recognition motif in Cry3Aa toxin. Cry3Aa toxin mutants displayed decreased toxicity when comp…
Investigation of the steps involved in the difference of susceptibility of Ephestia kuehniella and Spodoptera littoralis to the Bacillus thuringiensi…
2011
BUPM95 is a Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain producing the Vip3Aa16 toxin with an interesting insecticidal activity against the Lepidopteran larvae Ephestia kuehniella. Study of different steps in the mode of action of this Vegetative Insecticidal Protein on the Mediterranean flour moth (E. kuehniella) was carried out in the aim to investigate the origin of the higher susceptibility of this insect to Vip3Aa16 toxin compared to that of the Egyptian cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis. Using E. kuehniella gut juice, protoxin proteolysis generated a major band corresponding to the active toxin and another band of about 22kDa, whereas the activation of Vip3Aa16 by S. littoralis …
Microbiological control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi with special emphasis on wilt-inducing Fusarium oxysporum
2009
Contents Summary 529 I. Biological control of plant diseases: state of the art 530 II. Main modes of action of biological control agents 530 III. The protective strains of F. oxysporum: an unexplored model 532 IV. Future directions for the study of the protective capacity of strains of F. oxysporum 539 V. How to make biological control successful in the field? 540 References 541 Summary Plant diseases induced by soil-borne plant pathogens are among the most difficult to control. In the absence of effective chemical control methods, there is renewed interest in biological control based on application of populations of antagonistic micro-organisms. In addition to Pseudomonas spp. a…