Search results for "Pharmacokinetics"
showing 8 items of 458 documents
Renal Allograft Compartment Syndrome: Is It Possible to Prevent?
2016
Renal allograft compartment syndrome (RACS) is a complication characterized by increased pressure over 15 to 20 mm Hg of the iliac fossa site of transplanted kidney that can lead to a reduction of the blood supply to the graft, resulting in organ ischemia. This study aims to evaluate, through a review of the literature, the incidence, detection, treatment, and possible prevention of RACS. The incidence of this complication, which appears generally in the immediate post-transplantation period, is currently approximately 1% to 2% and is underestimated because of poor nosography for the presence of symptoms common to other post-transplantation complications. Doppler ultrasound is indispensable…
F9 missense mutations impairing factor IX activation are associated with pleiotropic plasma phenotypes.
2022
Background Circulating dysfunctional factor IX (FIX) might modulate distribution of infused FIX in hemophilia B (HB) patients. Recurrent substitutions at FIX activation sites (R191-R226, >300 patients) are associated with variable FIX activity and antigen (FIXag) levels. Objectives To investigate the (1) expression of a complete panel of missense mutations at FIX activation sites and (2) contribution of F9 genotypes on the FIX pharmacokinetics (PK). Methods We checked FIX activity and antigen and activity assays in plasma and after recombinant expression of FIX variants and performed an analysis of infused FIX PK parameters in patients (n = 30), mostly enrolled in the F9 Genotype and PK HB …
Enantioselective determination of plasma protein binding of common amphetamine-type stimulants.
2021
Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) like amphetamine ('speed'), methamphetamine ('crystal meth') and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA, 'ecstasy') represent some of the most frequently abused drugs worldwide. Another less frequently abused ATS is 4-fluoroamphetamine (4-FA). The enantiomers of these four compounds exhibit different pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. According to the free drug theory, the pharmacological properties of a substance are dependent on its plasma protein binding (PPB). However, data on PPB of stimulant enantiomers in humans are rare or non-existent. Human plasma samples were spiked with racemic mixtures of the stimulants and subjected to ultra…
Pharmacokinetics of new oral anticoagulants: implications for use in routine care
2018
Introduction: Since 2008, new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been approved for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients receiving hip or knee replacement surgery, prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Premarketing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of NOACs demonstrated their non-inferiority in terms of efficacy vs. warfarin (traditional oral anticoagulant–TOA), with lower risk of serious adverse drug reactions, especially cerebral hemorrhages. In clinical practice, pharmacokinetic aspects of NOACs have to be carefully taken into account to …
Editorial: Flavonoids: From Biosynthesis and Metabolism to Health Benefits
2021
descripción no proporcionada por scopus
In Vitro Evaluation of Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) In Situ Forming Gels for Bedaquiline Fumarate Salt and Pharmacokinetics Following Subcutaneous Inje…
2021
This study evaluated in vitro and in vivo drug release of bedaquiline from in situ forming gels (ISGs) containing 200 mg eq./g bedaquiline fumarate salt prepared with four different grades of poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) or poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) with a lactide/glycolide ratio of 50/50 or 75/25 and acid (A) or ester (E) end-capping in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at a polymer/solvent ratio of 20/80% (w/w). Mean in vitro drug release in 0.05 M phosphate buffer pH 7.4 with 1% (w/v) sodium lauryl sulphate was 37.3, 47.1, 53.3, and 62.3% within 28 days for ISGs containing PLGA5050A, PDLLA, PLGA7525A, and PLGA7525E, respectively. The data suggested that drug release was primarily controlle…
Aportación de la monitorización farmacocinética de vancomicina a la calidad farmacoterapéutica y seguridad del paciente neonato prematuro
2014
Vancomicina es un antibiótico utilizado con gran frecuencia en pacientes neonatos prematuros ingresados en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales. La elevada variabilidad en los parámetros farmacocinéticos en este grupo de población representa la mayor barrera en el desarrollo y en la optimización de regímenes de dosificación. Esta situación favorece el desarrollo de diversas recomendaciones basadas en modelos farmacocinéticos poblacionales y nomogramas de dosificación, que consideran, para el cálculo de la dosis, variables como la edad postconcepcional, postnatal, creatinina sérica o el peso de los pacientes. Sin embargo, la experiencia clínica ha puesto de relieve que las concentr…
Voltammetric determination of platinum in perfusate and blood: Preliminary data on pharmacokinetic study of arterial infusion with oxaliplatin
2012
Abstract Because Platinum Group Elements have found widespread use in catalytic converters in cars and as chemotherapeutic agent, interest in the development of reliable analytical methods is carried out in order to monitor these analita in humans to protect the citizen's health. Considering that information on the levels of many trace elements in biological matrices is scarce and for many non-essential elements, baseline levels in the population, and especially in those particularly exposed to the risk are lacking, in this paper we optimize an analytical method for biological matrices, using a voltammetric technique to measure the concentration of Pt in blood and perfusate. The amount of P…