Search results for "Phase Transition"
showing 10 items of 1281 documents
Effect of a Locally Repulsive Interaction on s-wave Superconductors
2016
The thermodynamic impact of the Coulomb repulsion on s-wave superconductors is analyzed via a rigorous study of equilibrium and ground states of the strong coupling BCS-Hubbard Hamiltonian. We show that the one-site electron repulsion can favor superconductivity at fixed chemical potential by increasing the critical temperature and/or the Cooper pair condensate density. If the one-site repulsion is not too large, a first or a second order superconducting phase transition can appear at low temperatures. The Meißner effect is shown to be rather generic but coexistence of superconducting and ferromagnetic phases is also shown to be feasible, for instance, near half-filling and at strong repul…
THE OPEN BCS MODEL, ITS STOCHASTIC LIMIT AND SOME GENERALIZATIONS
2005
In this paper we use the stochastic limit approach as a tool to discuss the open BCS model of low temperature superconductivity. We also briefly discuss the role of a second reservoir interacting with the first one (but not with the system) in the computation of the critical temperature corresponding to the transition from a normal to a superconducting phase.
Pressure-induced magnetic collapse and metallization of TlFe1.6Se2
2017
The crystal structure, magnetic ordering, and electrical resistivity of $\mathrm{TlF}{\mathrm{e}}_{1.6}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ were studied at high pressures. Below $\ensuremath{\sim}7\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$, $\mathrm{TlF}{\mathrm{e}}_{1.6}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ is an antiferromagnetically ordered semiconductor with a $\mathrm{ThC}{\mathrm{r}}_{2}\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{i}}_{2}$-type structure. The insulator-to-metal transformation observed at a pressure of $\ensuremath{\sim}7\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{GPa}$ is accompanied by a loss of magnetic ordering and an isostructural phase transition. In the pressure range $\ensuremath{\sim}7.5\text{--}11\phantom{\rule{…
Density of Phonon States in Superconducting FeSe as a Function of Temperature and Pressure
2010
The temperature and pressure dependence of the partial density of phonon states (phonon-DOS) of iron atoms in superconducting ${\text{Fe}}_{1.01}\text{Se}$ was studied by $^{57}\text{F}\text{e}$ nuclear inelastic scattering. The high-energy resolution allows for a detailed observation of spectral properties. A sharpening of the optical phonon modes and shift of all spectral features toward higher energies by $\ensuremath{\sim}4\mathrm{%}$ with decreasing temperature from 296 to 10 K was found. However, no detectable change at the tetragonal--orthorhombic phase transition around 100 K was observed. Application of a pressure of 6.7 GPa, connected with an increase in the superconducting temper…
The influence of topological phase transition on the superfluid density of overdoped copper oxides
2017
We show that a topological quantum phase transition, generating flat bands and altering Fermi surface topology, is a primary reason for the exotic behavior of the overdoped high-temperature superconductors represented by $\rm La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$, whose superconductivity features differ from what is described by the classical Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory [J.I. Bo\^zovi\'c, X. He, J. Wu, and A. T. Bollinger, Nature 536, 309 (2016)]. We demonstrate that 1) at temperature $T=0$, the superfluid density $n_s$ turns out to be considerably smaller than the total electron density; 2) the critical temperature $T_c$ is controlled by $n_s$ rather than by doping, and is a linear function of the $n_s$…
Phase transitions in thin films with competing surface fields and gradients.
2011
As a generic model for phase equilibria under confinement in a thin-film geometry in the presence of a gradient in the field conjugate to the order parameter, an Ising-lattice gas system is studied by both Monte Carlo simulations and a phenomenological theory. Choosing an $L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}D$ geometry with $L\ensuremath{\gg}D$ and periodic boundary conditions in the $x,y$ directions, we place competing surface fields on the two $L\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}L$ surfaces. In addition, a field gradient $g$ is present in the $z$ direction across the film, in competition with the surface fields. At temperatures $T$ exceeding the critical…
Kinetic model for surface reconstruction
2002
Institut fu ¨r Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Hans-Sommer-Strase 10,38106 Braunschweig, Germany~Received 7 December 2001; published 25 July 2002!A microscopic kinetic model for the ab @e.g., hex131 for Pt~100! and 132131 for Pt~110!#surface reconstruction is investigated by means of the mean field approximation and Monte Carlo simulations.It considers homogeneous phase nucleation that induces small surface phase defects. These defects can grow ordecline via phase border propagation in dependence on the chemical coverage by an adsorbate A ~CO!.Anasymmetry in the adsorbate surface diffusion from one surface phase to the other gives rise to two criti…
Central region in relativistic heavy ion collisions; results from hydrodynamic calculations and cascade simulation
1988
Results of three dimensional hydrodynamic calculations with boost invariant longitudinal expansion are presented with special emphasis on the transverse momentum spectra of hadrons and production rates of dileptons. The effect and signatures of transverse collective motion are discussed in detail. The hydrodynamic results which are based on the assumption of the existence of a first order phase transition and formation of an equilibrium mixed phase are compared with cascade simulation where the mixed phase is modelled in terms of plasma droplets embedded in a pion gas. The comparison shows a great deal of similarity between the two approaches lending further support for the hydrodynamic app…
Complete mapping of the spin-wave spectrum in vortex state nano-disk
2016
© 2016 American Physical Society.We report a study on the complete spin-wave spectrum inside a vortex-state nanodisk. Transformation of this spectrum is continuously monitored as the nanodisk becomes gradually magnetized by a perpendicular magnetic field and encounters a second-order phase transition to the uniformly magnetized state. This reveals the bijective relationship that exists between the eigenmodes in the vortex state and the ones in the saturated state. It is found that the gyrotropic mode can be continuously viewed as a uniform phase precession, which uniquely softens (its frequency vanishes) at the saturation field to transform above into the Kittel mode. By contrast, the other…
Characterizing the Phase Transitions between Stable Equilibrium and Periodic Oscillations in Predator-prey Population Dynamics: A Theoretical Apprais…
2020
Multi-phase patterns with more or less sharp phase transitions, first highlighted in thermodynamics, have progressively revealed having wider relevance, being encountered in various other contexts, for example fluid mechanics, and can even occur in the interactive dynamics in biological populations involving two or more species that share opposite interests, such as predator-prey or parasite-host pairs of species. In the latter, the pattern of abundances of both interacting species usually reaches an equilibrium level which can be either stable or cyclic (with large periodic oscillations in the latter case). Both alternative modes are separated by well-define boundaries and, accordingly, ca…