Search results for "Phenomenon"
showing 10 items of 464 documents
Open Access Publishing as a Bridge Across the Digital Divide
2007
In today’s world of snappy catchphrases, the complexity of a phenomenon is often hiddenbehind the simplicity of the terminology. Take, for instance, the concept of the digital divide.In short, the term means that there is a gap between those people who have effective access todigital technologies (and all the benefits that brings) and those who do not (Organization forEconomic Cooperation and Development [OECD], 2001; Selhofer & Husing, 2002). Whilethe definition seems simple enough, in fact, there are numerous reasons for the technologygap among people in the world. Typical reasons for the digital divide include material access(i.e., no access to a computer, lack of access to specific soft…
Umowa czy harmonia społeczna
2017
There are some well-known critiques of social contract undertaken from the traditionalist, communitarian and Marxist perspectives. This article suggests a different, rationalist approach: the return to classical rationality. I show that the idea of the social contract has its basis in the mistaken modern assertions concerning human nature, identifying human beings as individuals moved by desires and the will to power, and the phenomenon of life as an endless conflict. I argue that cooperation is essential to human life. It is cooperation and the presence of ethics in the public and private spheres that makes us fully human and civilized beings. The community organized according to the requi…
Reading and company: embodiment and social space in silent reading practices
2017
Reading, even when silent and individual, is a social phenomenon and has often been studied as such. Complementary to this view, research has begun to explore how reading is embodied beyond simply ...
Aproximaciones Psicosociales a la Corrupción: Una Revisión Teórica
2017
Corruption is widespread in current societies; despite its social relevance, it has been studied mostly from economic perspectives. The article reviews and critically analyzes corruption from different social psychology approaches, both in the Anglophone and Latin American settings. Regarding the former, the article highlights the influence of peer behaviors and social norms, risk perceptions, the role of emotions, behavioral ethics and the relationship of corruption to power Regarding the latter, the Latin American models focus on the influence of supra-individual structures such as ethical values and institutions on the individual’s conduct. It is proposed that research on this topic look…
Social work transnationally revisited
2017
The transnational interconnectedness of social work is not a new phenomenon. Historical analysis showed that social work has been entangled transnationally in many ways, and transnational studies p...
Environmental conflict as a social construction: Nuclear waste conflicts in Finland
1996
Environmental conflicts are a familiar phenomenon in all industrial societies, and social scientists have produced a great number of studies of different environmental conflicts. One conventional way to conceptualize them is known as NIMBY ("not in my backyard"). Although the recent NIMBY literature has revealed the complexity of the issue, the approach continues to be beset by a number of problems. It has been difficult to conceptualize the dynamic character of a conflict from this perspective. This paper suggests that the theory of environmental conflicts should shift in an epistemological and social interactionist direction, toward social constructionist theory. This paper offers a const…
Change is an ongoing ethical event: Levinas, Bakhtin and the dialogical dynamics of becoming
2013
In this article, we use the intersubjective ethics of Bakhtin and Levinas and a case illustration to explore change in therapy as an ethical phenomenon. We follow Lakoff and Johnson in their emphasis on the way our conceptions of change seem permeated by metaphors. Bakhtin and Levinas both suggest through a language in which metaphors play a crucial role, that human existence—the consciousness and the subject—emerge within the dialogue of the encounter. They both describe the dynamics of human existence as ethical in their origin. Following this, we argue that change may be seen as an ongoing ethical event and that the dynamics of change are found in the ways we constantly become in this ev…
The futures of offshoring FDI in high-tech sectors
2010
This paper examines what is still a relatively new phenomenon in the literature, the outsourcing/offshoring of high-technology manufacturing and services. This has become a concern for both policy makers and academics for two reasons. Firstly, policy makers have become concerned that the offshoring of high-technology sectors in the West will follow the more labour intensive sectors, and move to lower cost locations. Secondly, international business theory has tended to view low costs, and high levels of indigenous technological development as being the two main drivers of location advantage in the attraction of FDI. We show that this may not be the case for offshored high-technology manufac…
Sponsorship in the Finnish sports culture
2009
AbstractThe theoretical assumptions explored with this paper are based on previous sociological studies concerning change in the field of sports. According to previous studies, international top-level sport is characterized by professionalism and a dissociation from the voluntary organizational field of sport. Top-level sports have become professional activities in internationally significant sports. In contrast to this, children’s and youth sports are still based on voluntary participation in Finland. The links between sports and economy have become even stronger since sport has become more professional, especially where sponsorship in toplevel sports has increased. However, sponsorship is…
The relationship among gender, interest in economic topics, media use, and the economic knowledge of students at vocational schools
2019
The results of numerous studies indicate that male students achieve better results on economic knowledge tests than their female classmates. Although this phenomenon has been known for a long time, the gender-specific mechanisms of this gap have not been explored in depth. According to social and educational scientific theories and the current state of research, interest and media use could be related to gender. In this study, we administered a German adaption of the internationally accepted Test of Economic Literacy to explore the gender gap in the economic knowledge of 983 students from 62 classes at 7 vocational secondary schools and commercial vocational schools specializing in business…