Search results for "Phenotype"
showing 10 items of 1875 documents
Acanthocephalan size and sex affect the modification of intermediate host colouration
2009
Parasitology, 136 (8)
Progastrin Represses the Alternative Activation of Human Macrophages and Modulates Their Influence on Colon Cancer Epithelial Cells
2014
Macrophage infiltration is a negative prognostic factor for most cancers but gastrointestinal tumors seem to be an exception. The effect of macrophages on cancer progression depends on their phenotype, which may vary between M1 (pro-inflammatory, defensive) to M2 (tolerogenic, pro-tumoral). Gastrointestinal cancers often become an ectopic source of gastrins and macrophages present receptors for these peptides. The aim of the present study is to analyze whether gastrins can affect the pattern of macrophage infiltration in colorectal tumors. We have evaluated the relationship between gastrin expression and the pattern of macrophage infiltration in samples from colorectal cancer and the influe…
Mushroom bodies enhance initial motor activity in Drosophila.
2009
The central body (or central complex, CCX) and the mushroom bodies (MBs) are brain structures in most insect phyla that have been shown to influence aspects of locomotion. The CCX regulates motor coordination and enhances activity while MBs have, thus far, been shown to suppress motor activity levels measured over time intervals ranging from hours to weeks. In this report, we investigate MB involvement in motor behavior during the initial stages (15 minutes) of walking in Buridan's paradigm. We measured aspects of walking in flies that had MB lesions induced by mutations in six different genes and by chemical ablation. All tested flies were later examined histologically to assess MB neuroan…
Induction of anamnestic T cell proliferation by antigen-pulsed, bone marrow-derived macrophages.
1981
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM phi) were grown in a liquid culture system in the presence of L cell-conditioned medium as a source of colony-stimulating factor. After a 4-h pulse with antigen, cultured irradiated BMM phi were capable of presenting the antigen to primed T cells as assessed in a T cell proliferation assay. Proliferation was optimal when BMM phi were used between days 5 and 8 of bone marrow cell culture. T cells of Lyt1 and Lyt123 phenotype had to be present at the start of the culture period to yield an optimal response. Conventional antisera and monoclonal antibodies directed against the H-2 I region and the I-A subregion, respectively, proved inhibitory in this system…
P wave duration and risk of longitudinal atrial fibrillation in persons ≥ 60 years old (from the Framingham Heart Study).
2011
Long-term risk prediction is a priority for the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF). P wave indices are electrocardiographic measurements describing atrial conduction. The role of P wave indices in the prospective determination of AF and mortality risk has had limited assessment. We quantified by digital caliper the P wave indices of maximum duration and dispersion in 1,550 Framingham Heart Study participants ≥ 60 years old (58% women) from single-channel electrocardiograms recorded from 1968 through 1971. We examined the association of selected P wave indices and long-term outcomes using Cox proportional hazards regression incorporating age, gender, body mass index, systolic blood press…
Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype and LDL size and subclasses in patients with peripheral arterial disease
2006
The type of dyslipidemia in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is still ill defined. PAD patients often show elevated triglycerides and reduced HDL-cholesterol, two lipid abnormalities usually accompanied by decreased LDL size in the "atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype" (ALP). We investigated (1) whether PAD patients have lower LDL size, (2) altered LDL subclass distribution and (3) the prevalence of ALP. We measured plasma lipids and LDL size and subclasses by gradient gel electrophoresis in 31 adults with intermittent claudication and 31 age-BMI-matched controls. Patients had higher prevalence of hypertension (p = .0132), smoking (p < .0020) and diabetes (p = .0024), with lowe…
Common Genetic Variation in Relation to Brachial Vascular Dimensions and Flow-Mediated Vasodilation
2019
Common Genetic Variation in Relation to Brachial Vascular Dimensions and Flow-Mediated Vasodilation
Neurofunctional correlates of attention rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease: an explorative study
2014
The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation (CR) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is in its relative infancy, and nowadays there is insufficient information to support evidence-based clinical protocols. This study is aimed at testing a validated therapeutic strategy characterized by intensive computer-based attention-training program tailored to attention deficits. We further investigated the presence of synaptic plasticity by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Using a randomized controlled study, we enrolled eight PD patients who underwent a CR program (Experimental group) and seven clinically/demographically-matched PD patients who underwent a placebo intervention (Contro…
Genetic and environmental influences on the fibrinolytic system: a twin study.
2004
SummaryThe determination of heritability is a key issue to assess the predictive power of polymorphisms for disease in clinical studies. The aim of this study was to determine the heritability of proteins and activation markers of the fibrinolytic system in a large cohort of healthy twins. Heritability was calculated as 0.76 for thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), 0.44 for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and 0.43 for tissue plasminogen activator. No significant genetic influence was observed for α2-antiplasmin-plasmin-complex and D-dimer. Heritability explained by single gene polymorphisms was 25.2% for TAFI 505G>A, 31.5% for 1542C>G, and 50.0% for combinati…
The novelty-seeking phenotype modulates the long-lasting effects of adolescent MDMA exposure.
2015
Exposure to drugs such as ethanol or cocaine during adolescence induces alterations in the central nervous system that are modulated by the novelty-seeking trait. Our aim was to evaluate the influence of this trait on the long-term effects of MDMA administration during adolescence on spontaneous behavior and conditioned rewarding effects in adulthood. Adolescent mice were classified as high or low novelty seekers (HNS or LNS) according to the hole-board test and received either MDMA (0, 10 or 20mg/kg PND 33-42) or saline. Three weeks later, having entered adulthood (PND>68), one set of mice performed the elevated plus maze and social interaction tests, while another set performed the condit…