Search results for "Philosophy of Science"

showing 10 items of 808 documents

The Tachykinin Neuroimmune Connection in Inflammatory Pain

1991

Inflammationbusiness.industryCalcitonin Gene-Related PeptideGeneral NeuroscienceModels NeurologicalNeuropeptidesGenes fosPainSubstance PInflammatory painArthritis ExperimentalNervous SystemGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyRatsConnection (mathematics)History and Philosophy of ScienceTachykininsAnimalsHumansMedicineNervous System Physiological PhenomenaNeurons AfferentbusinessNeuroscienceAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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The human-computer connection: An overview of brain-computer interfaces

2018

This article introduces the field of brain-computer interfaces (BCI), which allows the control of devices without the generation of any active motor output but directly from the decoding of the user’s brain signals. Here we review the current state of the art in the BCI field, discussing the main components of such an interface and illustrating ongoing research questions and prototypes for controlling a large variety of devices, from virtual keyboards for communication to robotics systems to replace lost motor functions and even clinical interventions for motor rehabilitation after a stroke. The article concludes with some insights into the future of BCI.

InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.HCI)Computer scienceInterface (computing)0206 medical engineering02 engineering and technologyField (computer science)rehabilitationbrain-computer interfaces03 medical and health sciencesInformationSystems_MODELSANDPRINCIPLES0302 clinical medicineHistory and Philosophy of ScienceHuman–computer interactionBrain–computer interfaceroboticspeopleMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryRobotics020601 biomedical engineeringVariety (cybernetics)Motor rehabilitationmachine learningResearch questionsArtificial intelligenceState (computer science)businessbrain signal processing030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMètode Revista de difusió de la investigació
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Suicidio y crítica cultural en la medicina española del siglo XIX

2015

El presente trabajo explora el destacado papel del suicidio en la crítica cultural desplegada por los médicos españoles del siglo XIX a través de un análisis de los principales modelos teóricos que inspiraron sus aportaciones en torno a la causación del mismo. En la primera mitad del siglo, el factor etiológico más discutido fueron las pasiones, las cuales, de acuerdo con el espiritualismo dominante, actuaban en tensión permanente con un yo reflexivo, consciente y dueño de su libre albedrío. Posteriormente, y en el contexto de una progresiva somatización de los fenómenos morales e intelectuales, la concepción del suicidio como un acto libre del individuo fue modificándose hasta considerarlo…

Injury controlEtiologyAccident preventionMedicinaPhilosophyEspaña19th centuryPoison controlGeneral MedicineSiglo XIXEtiologíaSuicideHistory and Philosophy of ScienceSpainCrítica culturalMedicineSuicidioHumanitiesCultural criticism
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Symposium overview: Evolution of pheromonal communication in insects.

2009

1749-6632 (Electronic) 0077-8923 (Linking) Journal Article Review

InsectaEvolutionGeneral NeuroscienceMEDLINEZoologyBiological evolutionBiologyBiological EvolutionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPheromonesHistory and Philosophy of ScienceEvolutionary biologySex pheromoneInsects/*physiologyAnimalsPheromones/*physiologyAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Post-Secular Identity? Developing a New Approach to Religion in International Relations and IR Studies

2021

In spite of the increasing presence of religion in international relations with various publications observing this presence and numerous authorities calling for the inclusion of religion into mainstream research, there is no universal consent to recognize religion’s role in IR. In our opinion, the only way to reconcile IR with the international reality in which religion has been and will remain present in the foreseeable future is for the researchers themselves to construct—especially those oriented towards broad, non-Western perspective—a new face of the discipline, the face which in this article we call the post-secular identity of IR study. Assuming that identity is first and foremost a…

International relationspost-secular identity of IR studiesphilosophy of science and IRReligions. Mythology. RationalismInclusion (disability rights)post-secularismSelfReligious studiesIdentity (social science)Face (sociological concept)RationalityBL1-2790secular-religious partnershipEpistemologyreligionMainstreamSociologyConstruct (philosophy)mediated hermeneutic matrices of religion and secularismIR/irreligion; IR/irReligions
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Glial ion transport and volume control.

1991

K(+)-induced glial swelling results from an intricate interaction of transport and diffusion processes and metabolic stimulation, with many open questions remaining. Our concept of the major mechanisms involved can be summarized as follows: high extracellular K+ causes a burst-like stimulation of Na+/K+ ATPase and, hence, increases the metabolic demands. Lactate is produced; the cell is slightly acidified. To maintain a normal intracellular pH, the Na+/K+ antiporter extrudes protons and supplies Na+ for further Na+/K+ exchange. In addition, K+ ions enter the cell via membrane channels or furosemide-inhibitable transport. K+, Cl-, and lactate- ions accumulate as the osmotic basis for cell sw…

IonsbiologyChemistryGeneral NeuroscienceATPaseAntiporterIntracellular pHStimulationBiological TransportFlow CytometryGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyHistory and Philosophy of ScienceBody WaterExtracellularbiology.proteinBiophysicsPotassiumTumor Cells CulturedMembrane channelQuercetinNeurogliaHomeostasisIon transporterAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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Un condiscípulo español de Alexander von Humboldt en la Bergakademie de Freiberg: Josef Ricarte y su informe sobre el método de amalgamación de Born …

2004

[ES] Se estudia la labor de Joseph Ricarte, pensionado en París y luego en Centroeuropa, para estudiar el método de amalgamación de Born. El trabajo de Ricarte fue especialmente interesante en la Escuela de minas de Schemnitz, a cargo del profesor Antón Ruprecht, en 1787, aunque también se exponen los viajes de aprendizaje con Andrés Manuel del Río por diversas regiones centroeuropeas (Alta y baja Hungría, Austria, Bohemia,etc...) hasta su llegada a Freiberg, en Sajonia, donde estudiaron con A. Werner y fueron compañeros de Alexander von Humboldt. Acompaña al artículo una disertación de Ricarte sobre las mejoras introducidas por Ruprecht al método del barón de Born.

Joseph Ricartejoseph ricarteHumboldt Alexander vonminingsiglo xviiilcsh:R131-687MiningHistory and Philosophy of Sciencelcsh:History of medicine. Medical expeditionsalexander von humboldtRicarte Josephlcsh:AZ20-999AZ20-999History of medicine. Medical expeditionsamalgamaciónR131-687Amalgamation18th centuryPhilosophymineríalcsh:History of scholarship and learning. The humanitiesAlexander von HumboldtamalgamationHistory of scholarship and learning. The humanitiesHumanitiessiglo XVIIIAsclepio: Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia
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Novel·les de ciència. La ciència i la tecnologia en la literatura

2014

La major part de la literatura sovint intenta oblidar el paper essencial que la ciencia i la tecnologia modernes juguen en la configuracio de les societats actuals i en la manera de viure-hi. Fou Jules Verne, fa ja uns 150 anys, qui va comencar a ser conscient de la necessitat que la ciencia i la tecnologia intervinguessin de manera activa en la narrativa moderna. Ho va anomenar la «novel·la de la ciencia». Mes endavant, el genere literari de la ciencia-fi ccio sembla haver assolit el paper d’aquella novel·la de la ciencia que Jules Verne va comencar. Amb aixo, la ciencia-ficcio es configura tambe com una narrativa adient per a l’aprenentatge del futur, ja que descriu diversos mons possible…

Julio Verne; ciencia ficción; literatura; novela de cienciaScience and literaturemedia_common.quotation_subjectciència-ficcióJules Vernenovel·la de ciènciaciencia y literaturaJules Verne; science fiction; literature; science novelJulio VerneHistory and Philosophy of Sciencescience fictionscience novelciència i literaturanovela de cienciaJules Verne; ciència-ficció; literatura; novel·la de ciènciahistòria de la ciència; ciència i literaturamedia_commonhistoria de la cienciaMultidisciplinaryhistòria de la cièncialiteratureArtliteraturahistoria de la ciencia; ciencia y literaturaciencia ficciónHumanities
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Autoantibody detection using indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells

2009

The detection of autoantibodies is an important element in the diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression in patients with autoimmune diseases. In laboratory diagnostic tests for connective tissue and autoimmune liver diseases, indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells plays a central role in a multistage diagnostic process. Despite the high quality of diagnostics, findings at different laboratories can differ considerably due to a lack of standardization, as well as subjective factors. The present paper formulates recommendations for the standardized processing and interpretation of the HEp-2 cell test for the detection of non-organ-specific (especially antinuclear) antibodies. It pr…

Laboratory ProcedureAnti-nuclear antibodymedicine.disease_causeImmunofluorescenceGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAutoimmunityHistory and Philosophy of ScienceCell Line TumormedicineHumansFluorescent Antibody Technique IndirectAutoantibodiesbiologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceAutoantibodyReproducibility of ResultsReference StandardsLaboratory quality controlTiterAntibodies AntinuclearImmunologybiology.proteinAntibodybusiness
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Tautology as presumptive meaning

2008

Ever since the seminal work of Paul Grice, tautologies such as Business is business have been discussed from a number of angles. While most approaches assume that tautological utterances have to do with the operation of conversational maxims, an integrated analysis is still lacking. This paper makes an attempt at analysing tautologies within the framework of Levinson (2000), who proposes a distinction between three pragmatic levels, namely Indexical Pragmatics, Gricean Pragmatics 1, and Gricean Pragmatics 2. It is shown that observations of Ward and Hirschberg (1991) on the exclusion of alternatives, the claim of Autenrieth (1997) that the second NP in nominal equatives is predicative, and …

Linguistics and LanguageGeneral Computer SciencebiologyPhilosophySemantic interpretationTruth conditionPragmaticsTautology (logic)Language and LinguisticsLinguisticsBehavioral NeuroscienceMeaning (philosophy of language)History and Philosophy of Sciencebiology.animalGricePredicative expressionIndexicalityPragmatics and Cognition
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