Search results for "Philosophy of Science"

Games and Bisimulations for Intuitionistic First-Order Kripke Models

2021

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of a game for intuitionisticfirst-order Kripke models. We also establish links between notions presented here and thenotions of logical equivalence and bounded bisimulation for intuitionistic first-order Kripkemodels, and the Ehrenfeucht–Fra ̈ıss ́e game for classical first-order structures.

La santé dans la différence

2008

Selon Georges Canguilhem, les fondements d’une définition de la maladie ne peuvent reposer sur la mesure d’une déviation par rapport à une norme statistique. Être sain, c’est être capable de s’adapter de manière active. La santé se caractérise par la normativité, la possibilité de tolérer les infractions du milieu et d’instituer de nouvelles normes. Une normalité se contentant de se maintenir elle-même, hostile à la variation et incapable de s’adapter à de nouvelles situations ne correspond pas à la santé mais à la maladie. De ce fait, même un organisme malade répond à des normes biologiques. Nous tenterons de montrer dans quelle mesure cette théorie peut être appliquée à la tératologie, à …

The Bachelardian tradition in the philosophy of science

2005

International audience

Dones intrèpides... i sàvies. Europees a Àfrica

2013

L’accés de les dones a professions tingudes tradicionalment per pròpies d’homes com la medicina, el professorat i també la recerca ha estat problemàtic fins a dates relativament recents. Algunes, tanmateix, com les tres presentades com a exemple a l’article, han esdevingut pioneres en disciplines i espais dels més difícils i compromesos.

Astronomy and space on the big screen : how accurately has cinema portrayed space travel and other astrophysical concepts?

2016

"Since its origins, cinema has been fascinated with the subject of scientific developments. In particular, astronomy and astrophysics have played an important role in science fiction stories about space travel and exploration. Though the science has not always been accurately represented, in the last decades there has been more and more interest from the cinema industry in approaching scientists to make sure that the stories and concepts shown in films are closer to our true understanding of the universe. In this article, I will explore how cinema has portrayed astrophysical concepts throughout the decades, and how sometimes cinema has even inspired the direction of scientific research."

La raza como problema filosófico en los escritos de Nietzsche

2020

The article aims to elucidate the role played by “race” in Nietzsche's writings. Nietzsche’s concept of “race” is analyzed and interpreted together with his lexicon of the transformation of the human being and his critique of culture. The concept of “race” is studied together with other adjacent concepts and similar ideas such as the treatment of the Jewish question, his criticism of nationalism, the figure of good Europeans, the metaphor of the blond beast, the human types and the thought of breeding. It is concluded that “race” has an unquestionable physiological and evolutionary character, but through the process of incorporation (Einverleibung), culture and morals intervene in a fundame…

A Social Epistemological Inquiry into Biases in Journal Peer Review

2017

In this paper, I examine journal peer review by focusing on factors that potentially hamper its sound functioning. I argue that scientific literature is not only skewed by the individual level biases of reviewers acting as gatekeepers, but also by the institutional context in which peer review operates. I show that peer review and its efficacy in improving the quality of published work should not be evaluated without heeding the different forms of academic publishing and the role that publishing plays in academic career development.

On the conditions for objectivity : how to avoid bias in socially relevant research

2015

Pheromone-binding proteins of scarab beetles.

1998

: We have characterized Pheromone binding proteins (PBPs) present in the antennae of several species of scarab beetles. In most cases there was only one class of PBP, which was expressed in both sexes. Both Anomala osakana and Popillia japonica possess a single PBP, highly homologous to each other. In each species the same PBP seems to recognize both enantiomers of japonilure, which have opposite biological functions, i.e., the sex Pheromone and the behavioral antagonist (stop signal). The purified PBP of A. osakana binds both enantiomers apparently with the same low affinity. Unexpectedly, these ligands were bound by moth PBPs, which utilize Pheromones with unrelated structures. These find…

Clinical relevance of antiphospholipid antibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis.

2005

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a cholestatic liver disease characterized by the presence of antimitochondrial autoantibodies (AMAs), but also with reactivities to other autoantigens. Recent studies showed that antibodies to phospholipids (APAs) represent an important group of autoantibodies identified in patients with PBC. In this study different types of APAs were identified in the sera of patients with PBC and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and control subjects. Sera from patients with PBC and AIH were tested for the presence of antibodies directed against cardiolipin (CL), phosphatidylserine (PS), and to beta(2)-glycoprotein I (beta(2)-GPI). Furthermore, an in-house test for antithrombop…