Search results for "Phosphoprotein"
showing 10 items of 160 documents
Cannabinoid receptor 1 and acute resistance exercise – In vivo and in vitro studies in human skeletal muscle
2015
Abstract Aim This study aimed to determine whether Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) is involved in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Methods This study used human vastus lateralis skeletal muscle biopsies obtained before and after a resistance exercise (RE) bout in young men (n = 18). The signaling mechanisms were studied in vitro in human myotubes. Protein expression was determined by Western blot and confocal microscopy, and gene expression by quantitative PCR. Protein synthesis was measured in vitro using puromycin-based SuNSET technique. Results In human skeletal muscle, an anabolic stimulus in the form of RE down-regulated CB1 expression.…
Differential effects of diabetes on the expression of the gp91phox homologues nox1 and nox4.
2004
The nox2-dependent NADPH oxidase was shown to be a major superoxide source in vascular disease, including diabetes. Smooth muscle cells of large arteries lack the phagocytic gp91phox subunit of the enzyme; however, two homologues have been identified in these cells, nox1 and nox4. It remained to be established whether also increases in protein levels of the nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase contribute to increased superoxide formation in diabetic vessels. To investigate changes in the expression of these homologues, we measured their expression in aortic vessels of type I diabetic rats. Eight weeks after streptozotocin treatment, we found a doubling in nox1 protein expression, while the expressio…
Nebivolol inhibits superoxide formation by NADPH oxidase and endothelial dysfunction in angiotensin II-treated rats.
2006
Nebivolol is a β 1 -receptor antagonist with vasodilator and antioxidant properties. Because the vascular NADPH oxidase is an important superoxide source, we studied the effect of nebivolol on endothelial function and NADPH oxidase activity and expression in the well-characterized model of angiotensin II–induced hypertension. Angiotensin II infusion (1 mg/kg per day for 7 days) caused endothelial dysfunction in male Wistar rats and increased vascular superoxide as detected by lucigenin-derived chemiluminescence, as well as dihydroethidine staining. Vascular NADPH oxidase activity, as well as expression at the mRNA and protein level, were markedly upregulated, as well as NOS III uncoupled, …
Processing and MHC class I presentation of human cytomegalovirus pp65-derived peptides persist despite gpUS2–11-mediated immune evasion
2007
Immune control of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection can be mediated by CD8+cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). Adoptive transfer of antiviral CTL confers protection against HCMV reactivation and disease. The tegument protein pp65 and the immediate-early 1 protein (IE1) are recognized to be major CTL targets, even though during productive infection the viral immunoevasion proteins gpUS2–11 act to suppress major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted antigen presentation. Thus it was not clear how infected cells could be labelled with antigenic peptides in the face of immunoevasion. We show here that the immunodominant peptide pp65NLVwas presented by MHC class I in cells infected…
Mona/Gads SH3C binding to hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) combines an atypical SH3 binding motif, R/KXXK, with a classical PXXP motif embedd…
2004
Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) is implicated in signaling downstream of the T cell receptor. Its non-catalytic, C-terminal half contains several prolinerich motifs, which have been shown to interact with different SH3 domain-containing adaptor proteins in vitro. One of these, Mona/Gads, was also shown to bind HPK1 in mouse T cells in vivo. The region of HPK1 that binds to the Mona/Gads C-terminal SH3 domain has been mapped and shows only very limited similarity to a recently identified high affinity binding motif in SLP-76, another T-cell adaptor. Using isothermal titration calorimetry and x-ray crystallography, the binding of the HPK1 motif to Mona/Gads SH3C has now been characte…
Identification and relevance of the CD95-binding domain in the N-terminal region of ezrin.
2003
The CD95 (Fas/APO-1) linkage to the actin cytoskeleton through ezrin is an essential requirement for susceptibility to the CD95-mediated apoptosis in CD4+ T cells. We have previously shown that moesin was not involved in the binding to CD95. Here we further support the specificity of the ezrin/CD95 binding, showing that radixin did not bind CD95. The ezrin region specifically and directly involved in the binding to CD95 was located in the middle lobe of the ezrin FERM domain, between amino acids 149 and 168. In this region, ezrin, radixin, and moesin show 60-65% identity, as compared with the 86% identity in the whole FERM domain. Transfection of two different human cell lines with a green …
Two Antigenic Peptides from Genes m123 and m164 of Murine Cytomegalovirus Quantitatively Dominate CD8 T-Cell Memory in the H-2 d Haplotype
2001
ABSTRACT The importance of CD8 T cells for the control of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has raised interest in the identification of immunogenic viral proteins as candidates for vaccination and cytoimmunotherapy. The final aim is to determine the viral “immunome” for any major histocompatibility complex class I molecule by antigenicity screening of proteome-derived peptides. For human CMV, there is a limitation to this approach: the T cells used as responder cells for peptide screening are usually memory cells that have undergone in vivo selection. On this basis, pUL83 (pp65) and pUL123 (IE1 or pp68 to -72) were classified as immunodominant proteins. It is an open question whether this li…
Adenoviral RB2/p130 gene transfer inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation and prevents restenosis after angioplasty.
1999
Abstract —Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation that results in neointima formation is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaques and accounts for the high rates of restenosis that occur after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, a widespread treatment for coronary artery disease. Endothelial lesions trigger intense proliferative signals to the SMCs of the subintima, stimulating their reentry into the cell cycle from a resting G 0 state, resulting in neointima formation and vascular occlusion. Cellular proliferation is negatively controlled by growth-regulatory or tumor-suppressor genes, or both, such as the retinoblastoma gene family members ( RB/p105, p107, RB2…
Loss of Dishevelleds disrupts planar polarity in ependymal motile cilia and results in hydrocephalus.
2014
Defects in ependymal (E) cells, which line the ventricle and generate cerebrospinal fluid flow through ciliary beating, can cause hydrocephalus. Dishevelled genes (Dvls) are essential for Wnt signaling, and Dvl2 has been shown to localize to the rootlet of motile cilia. Using the hGFAP-Cre;Dvl1(-/-);2(flox/flox);3(+/-) mouse, we show that compound genetic ablation of Dvls causes hydrocephalus. In hGFAP-Cre;Dvl1(-/-);2(flox/flox);3(+/-) mutants, E cells differentiated normally, but the intracellular and intercellular rotational alignments of ependymal motile cilia were disrupted. As a consequence, the fluid flow generated by the hGFAP-Cre;Dvl1(-/-);2(flox/flox);3(+/-) E cells was significant…
Immunohistochemical evaluation of matrix molecules associated with wound healing following treatment with an enamel matrix protein derivative in huma…
2003
Application of enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) onto a debrided and conditioned root surface has been shown to promote periodontal regeneration in animals and humans. However, until now there is virtually no information from humans describing the expression of different matrix molecules in the newly formed periodontal tissues following treatment with EMD. This study investigated immunohistochemically in humans the expression of matrix molecules associated with periodontal tissues reformed after treatment with EMD. Eight patients with intrabony defects were treated with EMD. Six months after surgery teeth together with some of their surrounding soft and hard tissues were removed, fixed…