Search results for "Phosphor"

showing 10 items of 1952 documents

Modelling biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal with soluble microbial products (SMP) production-degradation processes

2011

Over the last two decades, Membrane Bioreactors (MBR) are increasingly used for wastewater treatment. Mathematical modelling of MBR systems has played a key role in order to better explain the effect of their peculiarities. Indeed, several MBR models have been presented in literature in order to improve the knowledge on MBR systems: biological models, hybrid models which include soluble microbial product (SMP) modelling, physical models able to describe the membrane fouling and integrated models which couple the hybrid models with the physical ones. However, among the existing MBR models only few integrated models have been developed which take into account the existing relationship between…

model calibrationASM2d-SMPSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-Ambientalemembrane foulingnitrogen phosphorus removalMBR modelling
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Case-specific performance of MM-PBSA, MM-GBSA, and SIE in virtual screening.

2015

In drug discovery the reliable prediction of binding free energies is of crucial importance. Methods that combine molecular mechanics force fields with continuum solvent models have become popular because of their high accuracy and relatively good computational efficiency. In this research we studied the performance of molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA), molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA), and solvated interaction energy (SIE) both in their virtual screening efficiency and their ability to predict experimentally determined binding affinities for five different protein targets. The protein-ligand complexes were derived with two different app…

molecular mechanics generalized Born surface areaPhosphodiesterase InhibitorsMolecular Dynamics Simulationta3111Molecular mechanicsMolecular Docking Simulationbeta-LactamasesMolecular dynamicssolvated interaction energyBacterial ProteinsComputational chemistryAldehyde ReductaseDrug DiscoveryMaterials ChemistryHumansHSP90 Heat-Shock ProteinsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBeta-Lactamase InhibitorsSpectroscopymolecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface areaMM-GBSAVirtual screeningBinding SitesChemistryPhosphoric Diester Hydrolasesta1182Hydrogen BondingInteraction energyvirtual screeningComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignMolecular Docking SimulationMM-PBSAModels ChemicalROC CurveSolvent modelsDocking (molecular)Area Under CurveBiological systemReceptors Progesteronebeta-Lactamase InhibitorsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsProtein BindingJournal of molecular graphicsmodelling
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Cardiolipin content controls mitochondrial coupling and energetic efficiency in muscle

2020

Decreasing mitochondrial energy-production efficiency in skeletal muscle can confer protection against diet-induced obesity.

muscle[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Respiratory chainDiseases and DisordersOxidative phosphorylation[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology030204 cardiovascular system & hematology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinemedicineCardiolipin[SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyInner mitochondrial membrane[SDV.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular BiologyResearch ArticlesFatty acid synthesisComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biology2. Zero hungerchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinary[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyATP synthasebiologyfungifood and beveragesSciAdv r-articlesSkeletal muscleFatty acidCell BiologymitochondrialCell biologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCardiolipinbiology.protein[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyResearch Article
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Myostatin/activin blocking combined with exercise reconditions skeletal muscle expression profile of mdx mice

2015

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is characterized by muscle wasting and decreased aerobic metabolism. Exercise and blocking of myostatin/activin signaling may independently or combined counteract muscle wasting and dystrophies. The effects of myostatin/activin blocking using soluble activin receptor-Fc (sActRIIB-Fc) administration and wheel running were tested alone or in combination for seven weeks in dystrophic mdx mice. Expression microarray analysis revealed decreased aerobic metabolism in the gastrocnemius muscle of mdx mice compared to healthy mice. This was not due to reduced home-cage physical activity, and was further downregulated upon sActRIIB-Fc treatment in enlarged muscles. However…

muscular dystrophymedicine.medical_specialtyDuchenne muscular dystrophyActivin Receptors Type IIRecombinant Fusion Proteinsphysical activityMyostatinBiologyta3111BiochemistryMuscle hypertrophy03 medical and health sciencesGastrocnemius muscleMice0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyoxidative metabolismInternal medicinePhysical Conditioning AnimalGene expressionmedicineSTAT5 Transcription FactorAnimalsmuscle hypertrophyMuscular dystrophyPhosphorylationta315Muscle SkeletalMolecular BiologyWasting030304 developmental biologyInhibin-beta Subunits0303 health sciencesPhysical activitySkeletal muscleMyostatinmusculoskeletal systemmedicine.diseaseMuscular dystrophymRNA profilingEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurebiology.proteinMice Inbred mdxOxidative metabolismMuscle hypertrophymedicine.symptom030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Chromogenic detection of nerve agent mimics

2008

The current rise in international concern over criminal terrorist attacks via chemical warfare (CW) agents has resulted in an increasing interest in the detection of these lethal chemicals. Among CW species, nerve agents are extremely dangerous and their high toxicity and ease of production underscore the need to detect these deadly chemicals via quick and reliable procedures. A number of detection systems have been developed, most of them based on enzymatic and physical methodologies. However, these usually show limitations such as low selectivity, lack of portability and a certain complexity in their use. An alternative to these classical methods that has been gaining interest in recent y…

musculoskeletal diseasesTertiary amineUNESCO::QUÍMICANerve agent mimicsElectron donorBiosensing TechniquesUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]Reductive aminationCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundOrganophosphorus CompoundsMaterials ChemistryMoietyChemical Warfare Agentsskin and connective tissue diseasesChromogenic protocol ; Nerve agent mimics ; Internationalchemistry.chemical_classificationChromogenic protocolMolecular StructureChromogenicChemistryfungiMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryElectron acceptorCombinatorial chemistrySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDiethyl chlorophosphatebody regionsKineticsstomatognathic diseasesChromogenic CompoundsInternationalCeramics and CompositesColorimetryHypsochromic shiftAzo Compounds:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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Targeting GSK3 and Associated Signaling Pathways Involved in Cancer

2020

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine (S/T) protein kinase. Although GSK-3 originally was identified to have functions in regulation of glycogen synthase, it was subsequently determined to have roles in multiple normal biochemical processes as well as various disease conditions. GSK-3 is sometimes referred to as a moonlighting protein due to the multiple substrates and processes which it controls. Frequently, when GSK-3 phosphorylates proteins, they are targeted for degradation. GSK-3 is often considered a component of the PI3K/PTEN/AKT/GSK-3/mTORC1 pathway as GSK-3 is frequently phosphorylated by AKT which regulates its inactivation. AKT is often active in human cancer a…

natural productnatural productsmTORC1Reviewmacromolecular substancesProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3GSK-3NeoplasmsHumansPhosphorylationProtein kinase AGlycogen synthaselcsh:QH301-705.5Protein kinase BWnt Signaling PathwayPI3K/AKT/mTOR pathwayGSK-3drug resistancenaturalproductsbiologyChemistryWnt signaling pathwayGeneral Medicinetargeted therapyCell biologylcsh:Biology (General)biology.proteinSignal transductionProto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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Haptotropism in a Nickel Complex with a Neutral, π‐Bridging cyclo‐P4 Ligand Analogous to Cyclobutadiene

2022

The reaction of ( 1 )Ni(η 2 -cod), 2 , incorporating a chelating bis( N -heterocyclic carbene) 1 , with P 4 in pentane yielded the dinuclear complex [( 2 )Ni] 2 (μ 2 ,η 2 :η 2 -P 4 ), 3 , formally featuring a cyclobutadiene-like, neutral, rectangular, π-bridging P 4 -ring. In toluene, the butterfly-shaped complex [( 1 )Ni] 2 (μ 2 ,η 2 :η 2 -P 2 ), 4 , with a formally neutral P 2 -unit was obtained from 2 and either P 4 or 3 . Computational studies showed that a low energy barrier haptotropic rearrangement involving two isomers of the μ 2 ,η 2 :η 2 -P 4 coordination mode and a low energy μ 2 ,η 4 :η 4 -P 4 coordination mode, as previously predicted for related nickel cyclobutadiene complexes…

nickelkompleksiyhdisteetphosphorushaptotropismnikkeliN-heterocyclic carbenefosforiπ-ligands
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Benson group additivity values of phosphines and phosphine oxides: Fast and accurate computational thermochemistry of organophosphorus species

2018

Composite quantum chemical methods W1X-1 and CBS-QB3 are used to calculate the gas phase standard enthalpy of formation, entropy, and heat capacity of 38 phosphines and phosphine oxides for which reliable experimental thermochemical information is limited or simply nonexistent. For alkyl phosphines and phosphine oxides, the W1X-1, and CBS-QB3 results are mutually consistent and in excellent agreement with available G3X values and empirical data. In the case of aryl-substituted species, different computational methods show more variation, with G3X enthalpies being furthest from experimental values. The calculated thermochemical data are subsequently used to determine Benson group additivity …

organophosphorus speciesEmpirical dataphosphine oxideslämpökemiaThermodynamics010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesHeat capacitychemistry.chemical_compoundAdditive function0103 physical sciencesThermochemistrythermochemistryta116AlkylQuantum chemicalchemistry.chemical_classification010304 chemical physicsGeneral Chemistrylaskennallinen kemiaStandard enthalpy of formation0104 chemical sciencesComputational MathematicsphosphineschemistryPhosphineJournal of Computational Chemistry
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Benson group additivity values of phosphines and phosphine oxides : Fast and accurate computational thermochemistry of organophosphorus species

2019

Composite quantum chemical methods W1X-1 and CBS-QB3 are used to calculate the gas phase standard enthalpy of formation, entropy and heat capacity of 38 phosphines and phosphine oxides for which reliable experimental thermochemical information is limited or simply nonexistent. For alkyl phosphines and phosphine oxides, the W1X-1 and CBS-QB3 results are mutually consistent and in excellent agreement with available G3X values and empirical data. In the case of aryl-substituted species, different computational methods show more variation, with G3X enthalpies being furthest from experimental values. The calculated thermochemical data are subsequently used to determine Benson group additivity co…

organophosphorus speciesphosphinesphosphine oxideslämpökemialaskennallinen kemia
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Activation of the p38MAPK cascade is associated with upregulation of TNF alpha receptors in the spinal motor neurons of mouse models of familial ALS.

2005

Phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK), but not activated c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), increases in the motor neurons of transgenic mice overexpressing ALS-linked SOD1 mutants at different stages of the disease. This effect is associated with a selective increase of phosphorylated MKK3-6, MKK4 and ASK1 and a concomitant upregulation of the TNFalpha receptors (TNFR1 and TNFR2), but not IL1beta and Fas receptors. Activation of both p38 MAPK and JNK occurs in the activated microglial cells of SOD1 mutant mice at the advanced stage of the disease; however, this effect is not accompanied by the concomitant activation of the upstream kinases ASK1 and MKK3,4,6, while both …

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinasesMAP Kinase Kinase 3Mice TransgenicMAP Kinase Kinase 6BiologyMAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesReceptors Tumor Necrosis FactorCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMiceSuperoxide Dismutase-1Downregulation and upregulationAnimalsHumansASK1RNA Messengerfas ReceptorPhosphorylationReceptorProtein kinase AMolecular BiologyP38MAPK cascadeMotor NeuronsKinaseSuperoxide DismutaseTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesReceptors Interleukin-1Cell BiologyCell biologyEnzyme ActivationMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalTumor Necrosis Factor Decoy ReceptorsSpinal CordReceptors Tumor Necrosis Factor Type IDisease ProgressionTumor necrosis factor alphaSignal TransductionMolecular and cellular neurosciences
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