Search results for "Phosphorylation"
showing 10 items of 975 documents
Endothelial NT-3 Delivered by Vasculature and CSF Promotes Quiescence of Subependymal Neural Stem Cells through Nitric Oxide Induction
2014
SummaryInteractions of adult neural stem cells (NSCs) with supportive vasculature appear critical for their maintenance and function, although the molecular details are still under investigation. Neurotrophin (NT)-3 belongs to the NT family of trophic factors, best known for their effects in promoting neuronal survival. Here we show that NT-3 produced and secreted by endothelial cells of brain and choroid plexus capillaries is required for the quiescence and long-term maintenance of NSCs in the mouse subependymal niche. Uptake of NT-3 from irrigating vasculature and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) induces the rapid phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase present in the NSCs, lea…
Phosphorylation and activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam) oil and its fractions
2020
Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam) oil (RFO) is utilized by inhabitants of the Papua Island to treat diseases such as infections, cancer, and cardiovascular disease, but the mechanism of action is unknown. Aim of the study We have recently shown that RFO stimulates nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelial cells. The present study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanism of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) activation by RFO. Materials and methods NO production by endothelial cells was determined with electron paramagnetic resonance. The vascular function of isolated mouse aorta was examined using a wire myograph system. Phosphorylation of…
Modulation of mutagenicity by phosphorylation of mutagen-metabolizing enzymes.
2004
In this Minireview, we discuss our findings on phosphorylation of cytochromes P450 (CYP) and influence of this modification on metabolic toxification and/or detoxification of a variety of mutagens. We show that phosphorylation drastically interferes with the mutagenicity of several classes of compounds which are of high human relevance (cytostatic drugs of the cyclophosphamide type, aromatic amines/amides, and nitrosamines). We illustrate this by describing the consequences of the stimulation of protein kinase A (with the example of CYP2B1 and CYP2E1), stimulation of protein kinase C, and inhibition of protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A (with the example of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2). We discuss a p…
Prognostic impact of phosphorylated HER-2 in HER-2+ primary breast cancer.
2011
Abstract Purpose. Tyrosine 1248 is one of the autophosphorylation sites of human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2. We determined the prognostic value of the expression level of tyrosine 1248–phosphorylated HER-2 (pHER-2) in patients with HER-2+ primary breast cancer using a reverse-phase protein array. Patients and Methods. The optimal cutoff value of pHER-2 for segregating disease-free survival (DFS) was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Five-year DFS for pHER-2 expression level was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method using both derivation (n = 162) and validation (n = 227) cohorts. Results. Of the 162 patients in the derivation cohort, 26 had…
Oxidative (Cross-)Coupling Reactions Mediated by C-H Activation of Thiophene Derivatives by Using Molybdenum(V) Reagents
2014
Oxidative coupling by using molybdenum pentachloride provides fast and modular access to sophisticated thienoacenes in excellent yields. The coupling process can be accomplished with thiophene and benzothiophene derivatives and provides various complex skeletons such as spirocyclic compounds. In this approach, the first cross-coupling reactions with the use of MoCl5 were established and important motifs for semiconducting materials were synthesized.
Survivin is regulated by interleukin-4 in colon cancer stem cells
2010
Colorectal cancer has provided an important model to test the stem cell hypothesis of cancer origin, which implies that cancer arises as a result of genetic aberrations in stem cells leading to deregulation of the proliferation/differentiation balance. We and others have demonstrated that, similarly to other solid tumors, colon carcinogenesis and progression are dictated by highly apoptosis-resistant stem-like cells. Our data have suggested that protection from apoptosis is achieved by autocrine production of interleukin-4 (IL-4) through up-regulation of anti-apoptotic mediators. In this study, we extend our analysis to another apoptosis inhibitor widely expressed in tumors, namely survivin…
The transcription factor IRF1 dictates the IL-21-dependent anticancer functions of TH9 cells
2014
The TH9 subset of helper T cells was initially shown to contribute to the induction of autoimmune and allergic diseases, but subsequent evidence has suggested that these cells also exert antitumor activities. However, the molecular events that account for their effector properties are elusive. Here we found that the transcription factor IRF1 enhanced the effector function of TH9 cells and dictated their anticancer properties. Under TH9-skewing conditions, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) induced phosphorylation of the transcription factor STAT1 and subsequent expression of IRF1, which bound to the promoters of Il9 and Il21 and enhanced secretion of the cytokines IL-9 and IL-21 from TH9 cells. Further…
Oxidative C-N fusion of pyridinyl-substituted porphyrins.
2018
International audience; The mild (electro) chemical oxidation of pyridin-2-ylthio-meso substituted Ni(II) porphyrins affords C-N fused cationic and dicationic pyridinium-based derivatives. These porphyrins are fully characterized and the molecular structure of one of them was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. A mechanism for the intramolecular oxidative C-N coupling is proposed based on theoretical calculations and cyclic voltammetry analyses.
Targeting antioxidants to mitochondria: a potential new therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases.
2007
Mitochondria produce large amounts of free radicals and play an important role in the life and death of a cell. Thus, mitochondrial oxidative damage and dysfunction contribute to a number of cell pathologies that manifest themselves through a range of conditions including ischemia-reperfusion injury, sepsis, diabetes, atherosclerosis and, consequently, cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In fact, endothelial dysfunction, characterized by a loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity, occurs early on in the development of atherosclerosis, and determines future vascular complications. Although the molecular mechanisms responsible for mitochondria-mediated disease processes are not yet clear, oxidative s…
Electron transport chain in aerobically cultivated Zymomonas mobilis
1996
Respiratory chain composition and energy coupling in cytoplasmic membrane of Zymomonas mobilis was shown to depend on culture aeration. Aerobically grown cells contained mainly the non-energy-generating NADH dehydrogenase with kM for NADH 58 mM. In anaerobically cultivated bacteria, the energy-coupling NADH dehydrogenase complex with km for NADH 7 mM predominated. In aerobically cultivated Z. mobilis, CoQ content and absorption peaks of cytochromes at 554–556 nm and 525–528 nm were significantly increased. Energy-coupling site I, linked to the NADH:CoQ oxidoreductase complex, could be eliminated under sulfate-deficient cultivation conditions. For anaerobically grown cells this resulted in l…