Search results for "Photon"

showing 10 items of 3171 documents

Edwin Power and the birth of dressed atoms

2006

This paper reviews the main results of a twenty year-long international collaborative effort led by the late E.A. Power on the physics of atoms dressed by the vacuum electromagnetic field. The presentation uses the historical, rather than the logical, order of development. This permits one to shed light on the influence of Power's personality and human qualities on the birth and evolution of the notion of the dressed atom, which is central to modern non-relativistic QED.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPower (social and political)PhysicsTheoretical physicsvirtual photonretardation effects.Quantum mechanicsAtomNonrelativistic quantum electrodynamicGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Atomic Physics
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Coherent and squeezed vibrations for discrete variable harmonic oscillators

2009

In this work we study different types of coherent and squeezed states for the Charlier, Kravchuk and Meixner oscillators. We calculate the average values of different observables corresponding to the coherent states. We found that the coherent and squeezed states of the Kravchuk oscillator are unstable. There are also coherent and squeezed states that are similar to the coherent and squeezed states of the harmonic oscillator. We have introduced a discrete variable model for the biophoton coherent radiation, and the coherent thermal and squeezed thermal states. © 2009 Taylor & Francis.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum opticsPhysicsObservableQuantum Physicsharmonic oscillator coherent statesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBiophotonVibrationQuantum mechanicsQuantum electrodynamicsThermalCoherent statesHarmonic oscillatorSqueezed coherent stateJournal of Modern Optics
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Simulating quantum-optical phenomena with optical lattices

2011

Cold atoms trapped in optical lattices have been proved to be very versatile quantum systems in which a large class of many-body condensed-matter Hamiltonians can be simulated [1].

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum opticsPhysicsOptical latticePhotonPhotodetectionOptical microcavitylaw.inventionOptical phenomenaOptical phase spacelawQuantum mechanicsMathematics::Metric GeometryPhysics::Atomic PhysicsQuantumComputer Science::Databases2011 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and 12th European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO EUROPE/EQEC)
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Radiative emission due to atomic self-dressing in QED

2002

We study the radiative emission due to the self-dressing of a two-level atom, initially in its bare ground state, interacting with the zero-point electromagnetic field. Evolution in time leads to the formation of a dressed ground state of lower energy. This energy difference between bare and dressed ground state is taken into account by the emission of real photons. In order to describe this aspect of the self-dressing process we study the transition probability amplitude from the initial bare state to an asymptotic state consisting of the atom in its dressed ground state plus some real photons. Adopting nonperturbative techniques based on the resolvent method we find that the bare-dressed …

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum opticsPhysicsPhotonAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDark stateExcited stateQuantum electrodynamicsRadiative transferSpontaneous emissionPhysics::Atomic PhysicsEmission spectrumAtomic physicsGround statePhysical Review A
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Supersolid Behavior of Light

2008

We will show how light can form stationary structures on dielectric periodic media such that their dynamics present simultaneous features of spatial long range order and superfluidity. This phenomenon is normally referred to as supersolidity.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesSuperfluidityPhysicsSupersolidCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter::OtherNonlinear opticsSelf-focusingDielectricPhotonic crystalFrontiers in Optics 2008/Laser Science XXIV/Plasmonics and Metamaterials/Optical Fabrication and Testing
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Recent advances in the development of holey optical fibers based on sulfide glasses

2006

International audience; Microstructured optical fibers as new optical objects have been developed in the recent past years, firstly from silica glass and then from other oxide glasses such as tellurite or different heavy cations oxide glasses. However very few results have been reported concerning non-oxide glasses and more particularly chalcogenide glasses. In a photonic crystal fiber the arrangement of air holes along the transverse section of the fiber around a solid glassy core leads to unique optical properties, such as for example broadband single-mode guidance, adjustable dispersion, nonlinear properties. Since the effective modal area is adjustable thanks to geometrical parameters, …

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchalcogenidesulfideoptical fibersmicrostructured fibersphotonic crystal fibersglasses CHALCOGENIDE GLASSESTELECOMMUNICATIONSPhysics::OpticsMULTIPOLE METHODholey fibersCondensed Matter::Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
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Protofibril formation of amyloid beta-protein at low pH via a non-cooperative elongation mechanism.

2005

Deposition of the amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) in senile or diffuse plaques is a distinctive feature of Alzheimer's disease. The role of Abeta aggregates in the etiology of the disease is still controversial. The formation of linear aggregates, known as amyloid fibrils, has been proposed as the onset and the cause of pathological deposition. Yet, recent findings suggest that a more crucial role is played by prefibrillar oligomeric assemblies of Abeta that are highly toxic in the extracellular environment. In the present work, the mechanism of protofibril formation is studied at pH 3.1, starting from a solution of oligomeric precursors. By combining static light scattering and photon correla…

Conformational changeTime FactorsAmyloidLightNucleationBiophysicsBiochemistryBiophysical PhenomenaDiffusionDynamic light scatteringAlzheimer DiseaseExtracellularHumansScattering RadiationStatic light scatteringMolecular BiologyCoalescence (physics)PhotonsAmyloid beta-PeptidesModels StatisticalDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistryTemperatureCell BiologyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationModels TheoreticalCrystallographyKineticsSpectrophotometryBiophysicsThermodynamicsElongationPeptidesProtein BindingThe Journal of biological chemistry
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Contrast perception in digitized panoramic radiographs compared with their film-based origin

2002

Abstract Objectives. We sought to compare the visual image quality of film-based and digitized panoramic radiographs through use of a hole-containing test wedge. Study Design. An aluminum wedge containing 100 cells, of which 90 were given shallow holes, was exposed in the film-based Orthophos CD panoramic unit. Two radiographs subjectively exhibiting optimum contrast were selected. Films were digitized with a charge-coupled device flatbed scanner at 300 dpi. Films and digitized images were rated cellwise by 2 similar groups of 50 observers each with respect to spot perception. Results. The mean sensitivity was 0.26 ± 0.09 for film and 0.20 ± 0.07 for digitized images (P =.000), with a prono…

Contrast effectRadiographymedia_common.quotation_subjectContrast MediaSensitivity and SpecificityAbsorptiometry PhotonRadiography PanoramicHumansContrast (vision)MedicineGeneral DentistryDigital radiographymedia_commonObserver VariationPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industryX-Ray FilmReproducibility of ResultsRadiography Dental DigitalContrast perceptionOtorhinolaryngologyRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedSurgeryOral SurgerybusinessNuclear medicineAnalog-Digital ConversionOral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology
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Supercontinuum generation with 532 nm quasi-continuum pulses in photonic crystal fibre tapers

2007

We report experimental results on supercontinuum generation in PCF tapers using quasi-continuous pump pulses of 7 ns duration at 532 nm. SC generation in normal and anomalous dispersion regimes are presented. Introduction Supercontinuum generation (SC) in photonic crystal fibres (PCF), fibre tapers, and PCF tapers has been demonstrated in the past with pump pulses of fs, ps, and tenths of ns duration [1-2]. Here, we present experimental results on SC generation in PCF tapers using quasi-continuous pump pulses of 7 ns duration at 532 nm. Fabrication of the PCF tapers The PCF from which the tapers were made, was a large-air-hole PCF ("cobweb" PCF) with two rings of air holes around a solid si…

Core (optical fiber)Outer diameterMaterials scienceFabricationOpticsbusiness.industryBar (music)Continuum (design consultancy)OptoelectronicsFiberbusinessSupercontinuumPhotonic crystal fibre33rd European Conference and Exhibition on Optical Communication - ECOC 2007
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A search for light dark matter in XENON10 data

2011

We report results of a search for light (3.5x10^{-42} cm^2, for a dark matter particle mass m_{\chi}=8 GeV. We find that our data strongly constrain recent elastic dark matter interpretations of excess low-energy events observed by CoGeNT and CRESST-II, as well as the DAMA annual modulation signal.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)LightDark matterGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesElectronsElementary particleElectron01 natural sciencesParticle detectorHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesHumansScattering Radiation010306 general physicsLight dark matterNuclear PhysicsPhysicsPhotons010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringFermionBaryonHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyData Interpretation StatisticalCosmic RadiationAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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