Search results for "Photon"

showing 10 items of 3171 documents

Comparison Study of Two Differently Clicked 18F-Folates—Lipophilicity Plays a Key Role

2018

Within the last decade, several folate-based radiopharmaceuticals for Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) have been evaluated; however, there is still a lack of suitable 18F-folates for clinical PET imaging. Herein, we report the synthesis and evaluation of two novel 18F-folates employing strain-promoted and copper-catalyzed click chemistry. Furthermore, the influence of both click-methods on lipophilicity and pharmacokinetics of the 18F-folates was investigated. 18F-Ala-folate and 18F-DBCO-folate were both stable in human serum albumin. In vitro studies proved their high affinity to the folate receptor (FR). The lipophilic character of …

0301 basic medicinePharmaceutical Sciencelcsh:Medicinelcsh:RS1-441copper-catalyzed clickSingle-photon emission computed tomographyArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medica03 medical and health sciencesfolic acid0302 clinical medicinePharmacokineticsIn vivoDrug Discoverymedicinemedicine.diagnostic_testChemistrylcsh:Rstrain promoted clickHuman serum albumin<sup>18</sup>F-folates; PET; folic acid; folate receptor; click chemistry; copper-catalyzed click; strain promoted click18F-folatesfolate receptor030104 developmental biologyPETPositron emission tomographyFolate receptor030220 oncology & carcinogenesisLipophilicityclick chemistryClick chemistryBiophysicsMolecular Medicinemedicine.drugPharmaceuticals
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Femtosecond structural dynamics drives the trans/cis isomerization in photoactive yellow protein

2016

Many biological processes depend on detecting and responding to light. The response is often mediated by a structural change in a protein that begins when absorption of a photon causes isomerization of a chromophore bound to the protein. Pande et al. used x-ray pulses emitted by a free electron laser source to conduct time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography in the time range of 100 fs to 3 ms. This allowed for the real-time tracking of the trans-cis isomerization of the chromophore in photoactive yellow protein and the associated structural changes in the protein.Science, this issue p. 725A variety of organisms have evolved mechanisms to detect and respond to light, in which the re…

0301 basic medicinePhotoreceptorsTime FactorsPhotoisomerizationLightProtein ConformationPhotochemistryPhotoreceptors MicrobialMYOGLOBINProtein structureMicrobialX-RAY-DIFFRACTIONPHOTOISOMERIZATIONMOTIONSchromophoresta116MultidisciplinarySPECTROSCOPYCrystallographyChemistryPhotochemical ProcessesTime resolved crystallographyTIMEMultidisciplinary SciencesPicosecondFemtosecondphotoactive proteinsScience & Technology - Other Topicsddc:500IsomerizationStereochemistryGeneral Science & TechnologyConjugated systemArticle03 medical and health sciencesBacterial ProteinsIsomerismEXCITATIONx-ray crystallographyPhotonsScience & TechnologyPHOTOCYCLEta114CHROMOPHOREta1182PATHWAYSChromophore030104 developmental biologyfree-electron laserssense organstrans-cis isomerization
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Parametrical Optomechanical Oscillations in PhoXonic Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators

2019

AbstractWe report on the experimental and theoretical analysis of parametrical optomechanical oscillations in hollow spherical phoxonic whispering gallery mode resonators due to radiation pressure. The optically excited acoustic eigenmodes of the phoxonic cavity oscillate regeneratively leading to parametric oscillation instabilities.

0301 basic medicinePhysics::Opticslcsh:MedicineArticlemicrobubbles03 medical and health sciencesResonatorwhispering gallery mode resonators0302 clinical medicineOpticswhispering gallery modeslcsh:SciencePhysicsMultidisciplinarymicrobubble resonatorsbusiness.industryParametric oscillationlcsh:RUNESCO::FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticasstimulated brillouin scatteringkerr modulation030104 developmental biologyRadiation pressureOptics and photonics:FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticas [UNESCO]Excited stateOther photonicsparametrical optomechanical oscillationslcsh:QWhispering-gallery wavebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryScientific Reports
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Observation of elastic anisotropy in strained optical nanofibers using Brillouin spectroscopy

2019

Optical nanofibers (ONFs) are excellent nanophotonic platforms for many applications such as optical sensing, quantum photonics, and nonlinear optics, due to both tight optical confinement and their evanescent field. From an acoustic viewpoint, it has recently been reported the observation of a new class of Brillouin acoustic resonances in optical nanofibers, including hybrid shear/longitudinal acoustic waves (HAWs) and surface acoustic waves (SAWs) [1–2]. It has been later shown that, under axial tensile strain, the Brillouin frequency shifts (BFS) of these elastic resonances are fundamentally different from that of standard optical fibers [3]. This is principally due to the hybrid nature …

0301 basic medicine[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Materials scienceBrillouin SpectroscopyOptical fiberbusiness.industryNanophotonicsNonlinear opticsPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyAcoustic wave021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylaw.inventionBrillouin zone03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyOpticslawHeterodyne detectionPhotonics0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Can mild cognitive impairment be stabilized by showering brain mitochondria with laser photons?

2019

There is now substantial evidence that cerebral blood flow (CBF) declines with age. From age 20 to 60, CBF is estimated to dip about 16% and continues to drop at a rate of 0.4%/year. This CBF dip will slowly reduce oxygen/glucose delivery to brain thus lowering ATP energy production needed by brain cells to perform normal activities. Reduced ATP production from mitochondrial loss or damage in the wear-and-tear of aging worsens when vascular risk factors (VRF) to Alzheimer's disease develop that can accelerate both age-decline CBF and mitochondrial deficiency to a level where mild cognitive impairment (MCI) develops. To date, no pharmacological or any other treatment has been successful in r…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyTraumatic brain injuryDiseaseBrain mitochondria03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceTherapeutic approach0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineMedicineAging brainHumansCognitive DysfunctionCognitive impairmentPharmacologyPhotonsbusiness.industryBrainmedicine.diseaseMitochondria030104 developmental biologyCerebral blood flowBrain stimulationCardiologyLaser Therapybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeuropharmacology
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Nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation in an all-solid photonic bandgap fiber

2009

Nonlinear femtosecond pulse propagation in an all-solid photonic bandgap fiber is experimentally and numerically investigated. Guiding light in such fiber occurs via two mechanisms: photonic bandgap in the central silica core or total internal reflection in the germanium doped inclusions. By properly combining spectral filtering, dispersion tailoring and pump coupling into the fiber modes, we experimentally demonstrate efficient supercontinuum generation with controllable spectral bandwidth.

060.2400;190.4370Materials scienceOptical fiberPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technologySensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciences7. Clean energyGraded-index fiberlaw.invention010309 opticsCondensed Matter::Materials Science020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringScattering RadiationDispersion-shifted fiberNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsOptical FibersPhotonic crystalPhotonsbusiness.industryLasersReproducibility of ResultsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignMicrostructured optical fiberAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSupercontinuumEquipment Failure AnalysisNonlinear DynamicsComputer-Aided DesignOptoelectronicsbusinessElectromagnetic pulse; energy gap; fibersPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Angular Trapping of Anisometric Nano-Objects in a Fluid

2012

We demonstrate the ability to trap, levitate, and orient single anisometric nanoscale objects with high angular precision in a fluid. An electrostatic fluidic trap confines a spherical object at a spatial location defined by the minimum of the electrostatic system free energy. For an anisometric object and a potential well lacking angular symmetry, the system free energy can further strongly depend on the object's orientation in the trap. Engineering the morphology of the trap thus enables precise spatial and angular confinement of a single levitating nano-object, and the process can be massively parallelized. Since the physics of the trap depends strongly on the surface charge of the objec…

10120 Department of ChemistryOptics and Photonics3104 Condensed Matter PhysicsSilverMaterials scienceMacromolecular SubstancesSurface PropertiesStatic Electricity2210 Mechanical EngineeringMetal Nanoparticles1600 General ChemistryBioengineeringTrap (computing)OpticsOrientation (geometry)540 ChemistryNano-ElectrochemistryNanotechnologyScattering RadiationGeneral Materials ScienceFluidicsSurface chargeParticle Size1502 Bioengineeringbusiness.industryPhysicsMechanical EngineeringElectrostatic unitsDNAGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physics2500 General Materials ScienceSymmetry (physics)KineticsHydrodynamicsLevitationAnisotropybusinessNano Letters
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First measurement of the W-boson mass in run II of the Tevatron.

2007

7 pages, 4 figures.-- PACS nrs.: 14.70.Fm; 13.38.Be; 13.85.Qk.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000250140600014.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0707.0085.-- et al.

13.38.Be 14.70.Fm 12.15.Ji 13.85.QkParticle physicsSingle measurementPhysics MultidisciplinaryTevatronFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyElementary particleData recordingddc:500.201 natural sciencesParticle detectorHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PACS] Decays of W bosons0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]W-boson massFermilabMeasurement theory010306 general physicsNuclear Experiment[PACS] Hadron-induced inclusive production with identified leptons photons or other nonhadronic particles (energy > 10 GeV)BosonsBosonPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyDetectorsTevatron[PACS] W bosonsHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBar (unit)
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"Table 1" of "Search for low-mass resonances decaying into two jets and produced in association with a photon using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13…

2019

Dijet mass distribution for the flavour inclusive category. Data, estimated background and uncertainties are shown. Events are collected using the single-photon trigger and contain a $E_T^{\gamma} &gt; 150$ GeV photon and two $p_T^{jet} &gt; 25$ GeV jets.

13000.0Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaHigh Energy Physics::Experimenttwo jets in association with a photonP P --&gt; JET JET GAMMA XNuclear ExperimentLow mass resonance search
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"Table 3" of "Search for low-mass resonances decaying into two jets and produced in association with a photon using $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13…

2019

Dijet mass distribution for the b-tagged category. Data, estimated background and uncertainties are shown. Events are collected using the single-photon trigger and contain a $E_T^{\gamma} &gt; 150$ GeV photon and two $p_T^{jet} &gt; 25$ GeV jets.

13000.0Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaHigh Energy Physics::Experimenttwo jets in association with a photonP P --&gt; JET JET GAMMA XNuclear ExperimentLow mass resonance search
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