Search results for "Physics::Classical Physics"

showing 10 items of 61 documents

Beating the One-Half Limit of Ancilla-Free Linear Optics Bell Measurements

2013

We show that optically encoded two-qubit Bell states can be unambiguously discriminated with a success probability of more than 50% in both single-rail and dual-rail encodings by using active linear-optical resources that include Gaussian squeezing operations. These results are in contrast to the well-known upper bound of 50% for unambiguous discrimination of dual-rail Bell states using passive, static linear optics and arbitrarily many vacuum modes. We present experimentally feasible schemes that improve the success probability to 64.3% in dual-rail and to 62.5% in single-rail for a uniform random distribution of Bell states. Conceptually, this demonstrates that neither interactions that i…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsBell stateGaussianFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::Classical PhysicsUpper and lower boundsTeleportationComputer Science::Othersymbols.namesakeLocal hidden variable theoryQuantum mechanicssymbolsLimit (mathematics)Quantum informationQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Quantum information sciencePhysical Review Letters
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Broadband Second-Harmonic Generation via Random Quasi-Phase-Matching in PPLT

2010

We demonstrated broadband second-harmonic generation via random Quasi-Phase-Matching in periodically poled Lithium Tantalate.

PhysicsQuasi-phase-matchingSum-frequency generationbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsSecond-harmonic generationNonlinear opticsWavelength conversionPhysics::Classical PhysicsComputer Science::OtherNonlinear optics Parametric conversion Random quasi-phase-matchingchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistryLithium tantalateBroadbandbusinessPhase matching
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Stochastic Kinetics with Wave Nature

2003

We consider stochastic second-order partial differential equations. We indroduce a noisy non-linear wave equation and discuss its connections, in particular via the Lorentz transformation, with known stochastic models.

PhysicsStochastic partial differential equationContinuous-time stochastic processStochastic differential equationQuantum stochastic calculusStochastic modellingDifferential equationFirst-order partial differential equationStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsStatistical physicsPhysics::Classical PhysicsCondensed Matter PhysicsHyperbolic partial differential equationModern Physics Letters B
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Modelling of Boltzmann transport equation for freeze-out

2005

The freeze-out (FO) in high-energy heavy-ion collisions is assumed to be continuous across finite layer in space–time. Particles leaving local thermal equilibrium start to freeze out gradually till they leave the layer, where all the particles are frozen out. To describe such a kinetic process we start from Boltzmann transport equation (BTE). However, we will show that the basic assumptions of BTE, such as molecular chaos or spatial homogeneity do not hold for the above-mentioned FO process. The aim of the presented work is to analyse the situation, discuss the modification of BTE and point out the physical causes, which yield to these modifications of BTE for describing FO.

PhysicsThermal equilibriumNuclear and High Energy PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Yield (engineering)Molecular chaosStatistical physicsSpatial homogeneityPhysics::Classical PhysicsKinetic energyBoltzmann equationJournal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
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Tortuous flow in porous media

1996

The concept of tortuosity of fluid flow in porous media is discussed. A lattice-gas cellular automaton method is applied to solve the flow of a Newtonian uncompressible fluid in a two-dimensional porous substance constructed by randomly placed rectangles of equal size and with unrestricted overlap. A clear correlation between the average tortuosity of the flow paths and the porosity of the substance has been found. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Physics::Fluid DynamicsMaterials scienceFlow (mathematics)Fluid dynamicsNewtonian fluidMechanicsEqual sizePorous mediumPorosityPhysics::Classical PhysicsTortuosityCellular automaton
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Permeability and effective porosity of porous media

1997

The concept of permeability of porous media is discussed, and a modification of Kozeny’s permeability equation to include the effect of effective porosity is introduced. An analytical expression for the specific surface area of a system constructed of randomly placed identical obstacles with unrestricted overlap is derived, and a lattice-gas cellular automaton method is then used to simulate the dependence on porosity of permeability, tortuosity, and effective porosity for a flow of Newtonian uncompressible fluid in this two-dimensional porous substance. The simulated permeabilities can well be explained by the concept of effective porosity, and the exact form of the specific surface area. …

Physics::Fluid DynamicsPermeability (earth sciences)Materials scienceNewtonian fluidNuclear magnetic resonance in porous mediaPercolation thresholdMechanicsPhysics::Classical PhysicsPorosityPorous mediumEffective porosityTortuosityPhysics::GeophysicsPhysical Review E
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Singularities of lightlike hypersurfaces in Minkowski four-space

2006

We classify singularities of lightlike hypersurfaces in Minkowski 4-space via the contact invariants for the corresponding spacelike surfaces and lightcones.

Pure mathematicsLightlike hypersurfaceGeneral MathematicsMathematical analysisspacelike surfacelightconePhysics::Classical PhysicsSpace (mathematics)53A3541458C27Computer Science::OtherLorentzian distance-squared functionGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyMinkowski spaceGravitational singularityMathematics::Differential GeometryMathematicsTohoku Mathematical Journal
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Rigged Hilbert spaces and contractive families of Hilbert spaces

2013

The existence of a rigged Hilbert space whose extreme spaces are, respectively, the projective and the inductive limit of a directed contractive family of Hilbert spaces is investigated. It is proved that, when it exists, this rigged Hilbert space is the same as the canonical rigged Hilbert space associated to a family of closable operators in the central Hilbert space.

Pure mathematicsMathematics::Operator AlgebrasGeneral MathematicsHilbert spaceRigged Hilbert spaceDirect limitPhysics::Classical PhysicsFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional Analysissymbols.namesakeSettore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematica47A70 46A13 46M40Mathematics::Quantum AlgebrasymbolsFOS: MathematicsRigged Hilbert spaces · Inductive and projective limitsMathematics
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Snapshots of a solid-state transformation: coexistence of three phases trapped in one crystal† †Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available:…

2016

Solvent extrusion leads to crystallographic–magnetic transition within a molecular complex via an intermediate that can be trapped and characterized.

Quantitative Biology::BiomoleculesChemistryComputer Science::Programming LanguagesPhysics::Classical PhysicsComputer Science::DatabasesComputer Science::OtherChemical Science
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Assessment of the Reliability of the SPAC Method in Urban Areas

2015

We have carried out several long-term measures of seismic noise with triangular arrays of broad-band seismic sensors, to investigate the reliability of the SPAC method in urban areas. We investigate the stationary and anisotropy of the microtremor wave field. We have found that the anisotropy of the microtremor wave field can be evaluated analyzing the HVNSR as function the azimuth. Furthermore, we showed as strong anisotropies in the microtremors are often observable in particular at high frequencies (> 1 Hz). We have verified as microtremors can be difficult to considered as ergodic processes, and for this reason time averaging, also even over a long periods of time, cannot replace an app…

Regional geologyEnvironmental EngineeringEngineering geologySampling (statistics)Seismic noiseGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyPhysics::Classical PhysicsAzimuthSettore GEO/11 - Geofisica ApplicataMicrotremorAnisotropyGeophysicGeomorphologyReliability (statistics)GeologySeismologyNear Surface Geoscience 2015 - 21st European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics
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