Search results for "Physics::History of Physics"

showing 9 items of 59 documents

Coherent states: a contemporary panorama

2012

Coherent states (CS) of the harmonic oscillator (also called canonical CS) were introduced in 1926 by Schr?dinger in answer to a remark by Lorentz on the classical interpretation of the wave function. They were rediscovered in the early 1960s, first (somewhat implicitly) by Klauder in the context of a novel representation of quantum states, then by Glauber and Sudarshan for the description of coherence in lasers. Since then, CS have grown into an extremely rich domain that pervades almost every corner of physics and have also led to the development of several flourishing topics in mathematics. Along the way, a number of review articles have appeared in the literature, devoted to CS, notably…

Statistics and ProbabilityPhysicsPure mathematics010308 nuclear & particles physicsMathematics::History and Overview[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]General Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsQuantum entanglement01 natural sciencesPhysics::History of PhysicsGroup representationQuantization (physics)Theoretical physicsQuantum state[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Modeling and Simulation0103 physical sciencesCoherent statesQuantum gravityQuantum information010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSQuantum computer
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Directly probing the chirality of Majorana edge states

2021

We propose to directly probe the chirality of Majorana edge states in 2D topological superconductors using polarization selective photon absorption. When shining circularly polarized light on a 2D topological superconductor in disk geometry, the photons can excite quasiparticles only when the polarization of the light matches the chirality of the Majorana edge states required by the angular momentum conservation. Hence, one can obtain the chirality of the Majorana edge states by measuring the photon absorption rate. We show that the polarization selective photon absorption can also serve as smoking gun evidence of the chiral Majorana edge mode.

Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)fotonitCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed Matter - SuperconductivityHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)FOS: Physical scienceskvasihiukkasetPhysics::History of PhysicssuprajohteetPhysical Review B
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Distinguishing Majorana Zero Modes from Impurity States through Time-Resolved Transport

2019

We study time-resolved charge transport in a superconducting nanowire using time-dependent Landauer-B{\"u}ttiker theory. We find that the steady-state Majorana zero-bias conductance peak emerges transiently accompanied by characteristic oscillations after a bias-voltage quench. These oscillations are absent for a trivial impurity state that otherwise shows a very similar steady-state signal as the Majorana zero mode. In addition, we find that Andreev bound states or quasi-Majorana states in the topologically trivial bulk phase can give rise to a zero-bias conductance peak, also retaining the transient properties of the Majorana zero mode. Our results imply that (1) time-resolved transport m…

SuperconductivityPhysicsSettore FIS/03Zero modeCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicssuprajohtavuusCondensed matter physicsPhase (waves)General Physics and AstronomyConductanceFOS: Physical sciencesCharge (physics)Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect01 natural sciencesTopological quantum computerPhysics::History of Physics010305 fluids & plasmasMAJORANAnanorakenteet0103 physical sciencesBound stateMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)kvanttifysiikka010306 general physics
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Continuity and Change in Cosmological Ideas in Spain Between the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: The Impact of Celestial Novelties

2010

The star which became visible in 1572 in the constellation of Cassiopeia (identified by twentieth-century astronomers as a Type I supernova), and the works and polemics to which it gave rise, marked an important stage in the abandonment of Aristotelian and medieval cosmology and their replacement by the idea of the infinite—or indefinite—universe of modern physics and astronomy.

SupernovaGeographyCelestial bodyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAbandonment (legal)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsModern physicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysics::History of PhysicsClassicsCosmologyConstellation
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Quantum Field Theory

2018

Quantum field theory (QFT) shares many of its philosophical problems with quantum mechanics. This applies in particular to the quantum measurement process and the connected interpretive problems, to which QFT contributes hardly any new aspects, let alone solutions. The question as to how the objects described by the theory are spatially embedded was already also discussed for quantum mechanics. However, the new mathematical structure of QFT promises new answers, which renders the spatiotemporal interpretation of QFT the pivotal question. In this chapter, we sketch the mathematical characteristics of QFT and show that a particle as well as a field interpretation breaks down.

Theoretical physicsField (physics)Computer scienceQuantum measurementQuantum field theoryMathematical structurePhysics::History of PhysicsSketchInterpretation (model theory)
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Well-posedness of a nonlinear evolution equation arising in growing cell population

2011

We prove that a nonlinear evolution equation which comes from a model of an age-structured cell population endowed with general reproduction laws is well-posed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Well-posed problemeducation.field_of_studyGeneral MathematicsReproduction (economics)PopulationMathematical analysisGeneral EngineeringPhysics::History of PhysicsEvolution equationQuantitative Biology::Populations and EvolutioneducationNonlinear evolutionWell posednessMathematicsMathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences
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Exact constants in Poincaré type inequalities for functions with zero mean boundary traces

2014

In this paper, we investigate Poincare type inequalities for the functions having zero mean value on the whole boundary of a Lipschitz domain or on a measurable part of the boundary. We find exact and easily computable constants in these inequalities for some basic domains (rectangles, cubes, and right triangles) and discuss applications of the inequalities to quantitative analysis of partial differential equations. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Zero meanPartial differential equationeigenvalue problemsGeneral MathematicsMathematical analysista111General EngineeringBoundary (topology)Value (computer science)Type (model theory)Physics::History of PhysicsPoincare type inequalitiessymbols.namesakeLipschitz domainerror estimatesPoincaré conjecturesymbolsfunctional inequalitiesMathematicsMathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences
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Field-cooling experiments on the quadrupolar-glass state of (KBr)0.47(KCN)0.53

1990

The shear strain of a mixed cyanide crystal has been measured under field-cooling conditions. The time decay after field removal follows a Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts law. The results are analogous to spin glasses, except that residual permanent strains can be frozen-in.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials scienceField coolingSpin glassCyanideAnalytical chemistryTime decayGeneral Physics and AstronomyhumanitiesPhysics::History of PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matterchemistry.chemical_compoundNuclear magnetic resonancechemistryShear stressInorganic compoundPhysical Review Letters
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Rich clusters from SDSS DR8

2012

The study of the properties of galaxy clusters and their environment gives us information about the formation and evolution of galaxies, groups and clusters, and larger structures - superclusters of galaxies and the whole cosmic web. We study the relations between the multimodality of galaxy clusters drawn from the SDSS DR8 and the environment where they reside. As cluster environment we consider the global luminosity density field, supercluster membership, and supercluster morphology.

observational astronomyPhysics::General Physicsgalactic and extragalactic astronomyAstrophysics and AstronomyPhysicsGalaxy clustersAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsCatalogsGalaxiesNatural SciencesPhysics::History of PhysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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