Search results for "Phytogenic"

Prediction of paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer: is CYP1B1*3 a new factor of influence?

2008

This article focuses on the recent findings by Marsh and colleagues, and also discusses recent findings with regards to breast cancer. Taxanes are amongst the most active agents in the treatment of breast cancer. However, many tumors are intrinsically resistant. Therefore, it would be an enormous progress, if factors could be identified that reliably differentiate between taxane-sensitive and -resistant patients. Marsh and colleagues analyzed the CYP1B1*3 (Val432Leu) polymorphism in patients with high-risk stage III and IV breast cancer, who received dose-intense paclitaxel in combination with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. They report for the first time that patients with two leucine al…

Oral vinorelbine may not induce acute pain at the tumor site.

2006

P(HPMA)-block-P(LA) copolymers in paclitaxel formulations: Polylactide stereochemistry controls micellization, cellular uptake kinetics, intracellula…

2012

In order to explore the influence of polymer microstructure and stereochemistry in biological settings, the synthesis, micellization, cellular fate and the use in paclitaxel formulations of poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide)-block-poly(L-lactide) (P(HPMA)-block-P(LLA)) and poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-methacrylamide)-block-poly(DL-lactide) block copolymers (P(HPMA)-block-P(DLLA)) were studied. To this end, P(HPMA)-block-P(lactide) block copolymers and their fluorescently labeled analogues were synthesized. The polymers exhibited molecular weights M-n around 20,000 g/mol with dispersities (D=M-w/M-n) below 1.3. In addition, the solution conformation of this new type of partially degradable…

Cytotoxic activity of some natural and synthetic guaianolides

2005

Several natural guaianolides and synthetic derivatives of repin (1) were tested and found to be active against tumor cell replication. Repin (1) and both mono- and di-halohydrin analogues (2, 7-9, 11, 12) showed significant antitumor potency. A more effective compound (17) was obtained by esterificating repin with the paclitaxel side chain.

Langerhans's cell histiocytosis in old subjects: two rare case reports and review of the literature

2012

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a proliferative disease of histiocyte-like cells that generally affects children; LCH onset is rare in adults; immunohistochemistry is essential to obtain the correct diagnosis, and treatment protocols are controversial. Objective: To describe two new cases of adult onset oral LCH. Case reports: Case 1: a 71-year-old woman, complaining of diffuse oral pain, presented with erythematous mucosal lesions; the panoramic radiograph and CT scan showed multiple mandible radiolucent areas. Immunohistochemical assay for S-100, CD1a and langerin test was essential in reaching the correct diagnosis. Case 2: a 77-year-old female patient presented with a…

Euphosantianane E–G: Three New Premyrsinane Type Diterpenoids from Euphorbia sanctae-catharinae with Contribution to Chemotaxonomy

2019

Euphorbia species were widely used in traditional medicines for the treatment of several diseases. From the aerial parts of Egyptian endemic plant, Euphorbia sanctae-catharinae, three new premyrsinane diterpenoids, namely, euphosantianane E&ndash

Activity of three cytotoxic isoflavonoids from Erythrina excelsa and Erythrina senegalensis (neobavaisoflavone, sigmoidin H and isoneorautenol) towar…

2013

Abstract Introduction Resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy has become a worldwide concern. Naturally occuring isoflavonoids possess a variety of biological activities including anti-cancer effects. The present study was aimed at investigating the cytotoxicity and the modes of action of three naturally occuring isoflavonoids, neobavaisoflavone ( 1 ), sigmoidin H ( 2 ) and a pterocarpan that is a special type of isoflavonoid, isoneorautenol ( 3 ) against a panel of nine cancer cell lines, including various sensitive and drug-resistant phenotypes. Methods The cytotoxicity of the compounds was determined using a resazurin reduction assay, whereas the caspase-Glo assay was used to detect t…

Cytotoxicity of a naturally occurring furoquinoline alkaloid and four acridone alkaloids towards multi-factorial drug-resistant cancer cells

2015

Abstract Introduction Chemotherapy is one of the preferred mode of treatment of malignancies, but is complicated by the expression of diverse resistance mechanisms of cancer cells. Methods In the present study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of five alkaloids including a furoquinoline montrofoline (1) and four acridones namely 1-hydroxy-4-methoxy-10-methylacridone (2), norevoxanthine (3), evoxanthine (4), 1,3-dimethoxy-10-methylacridone (5) against 9 drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these compounds, whilst caspase-Glo assay was used to detect caspase activation. Cell cycle, mitochondrial …

Cytotoxicity of isoflavones and biflavonoids from Ormocarpum kirkii towards multi-factorial drug resistant cancer.

2019

Abstract Background While incidences of cancer are continuously increasing, drug resistance of malignant cells is observed towards almost all pharmaceuticals. Several isoflavonoids and flavonoids are known for their cytotoxicity towards various cancer cells. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxicity of isoflavones: osajin (1), 5,7-dihydroxy-4ˈ-methoxy-6,8-diprenylisoflavone (2) and biflavonoids: chamaejasmin (3), 7,7″-di-O-methylchamaejasmin (4) and campylospermone A (5), a dimeric chromene [diphysin(6)] and an ester of ferullic acid with long alkyl chain [erythrinasinate (7)] isolated from the stem bark and roots of the Kenyan medicinal plant, Ormocarpum kirkii. The m…

Cytotoxic Compounds from the Fruits of Uapaca togoensis towards Multifactorial Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells

2014

Cancer cells may rapidly acquire multidrug resistance, mainly due to the presence of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporters, epidermal growth factor receptor, or mutations in the p53 tumor suppressor gene. This work was designed to assess the cytotoxicity of the methanol crude extracts and compounds from the fruits of Uapaca togoensis, namely, β-amyryl acetate (1), 11-oxo-α-amyryl acetate (2), lupeol (3), pomolic acid (4), futokadsurin B (5), arborinin (6), and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl sitosterol (7) against nine drug sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines. The resazurin reduction assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the fruits of U. togoensis and compound…