Search results for "Pinene"

Chemodiversity of the Essential Oil from Leaves of Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei

2016

Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei (Pinaceae) is a species occurring in a very small population only in a restricted area of Sicily. Its taxonomic classification as different species has been object of discussion. In this work the chemical composition of the essential oil from the leaves is presented for the first time and compared to the essential oils from other euroasiatic species reported in literature. Peculiar characteristics of the essential oil of A. nebrodensis are highlighted.

2010

Abstract. Filter samples of fine and coarse air particulate matter (PM) collected over a period of one year in central Europe (Mainz, Germany) were analyzed for water-soluble organic compounds (WSOCs), including the α- and β-pinene oxidation products pinic acid, pinonic acid and 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid (3-MBTCA), as well as a variety of dicarboxylic acids and nitrophenols. Seasonal variations and other characteristic features in fine, coarse, and total PM (TSP) are discussed with regard to aerosol sources and sinks in comparison to data from other studies and regions. The ratios of adipic acid and phthalic acid to azelaic acid indicate that the investigated aerosol samples w…

Synthesis and characterisation of peroxypinic acids as proxies for highly oxygenated molecules (HOMs) in secondary organic aerosol

2018

Abstract. Peroxy acids were recently found to be involved in new particle formation in the atmosphere and could also substantially contribute towards particle toxicity. However, a lack of suitable analytical methods for the detection and characterisation of peroxy acids in the particle phase is currently hindering the quantitative investigation of their contribution to these important atmospheric processes. Further development of appropriate techniques and relevant standards is therefore urgently needed. In this study, we synthesised three peroxypinic acids, developed a liquid chromatography separation method and characterised them with tandem mass spectrometry. The observed fragmentation p…

Unambiguous identification of esters as oligomers in secondary organic aerosol formed from cyclohexene and cyclohexene/α-pinene ozonolysis

2007

Abstract. The build-up of oligomeric compounds during secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation is subject of atmospheric research since several years. New particle formation and especially the SOA mass yield might be influenced significantly by oligomer formation. However, the chemical nature of observed oligomers and their formation pathways are still unclear. In this paper, the structural characterization of certain dimeric compounds (esters) formed during the ozonolysis of cyclohexene and cyclohexene/α-pinene mixtures are presented. The identification is based on the comparison of the mass spectra and the retention times (LC) of the oligomeric products with synthesized reference compoun…

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oils of Three Species of the Apiaceae Family Growing Wild in Sicily: Bonannia graeca, Eryngium maritimum and Op…

2013

n the present study the chemical composition of the essential oils from aerial parts of Bonannia graeca (L.) Halácsy and Opopanax chironium (L.) Kock, and from aerial parts and roots of Eryngium maritimum L. was evaluated by GC and GC-MS. α-Pinene (15.2%) and β-pinene were recognized as the main constituents of B. graeca, whereas the aerial parts of O. chironium contained mainly the diterpene cembrene and the coumarin angelicin. In both aerial parts and roots of E. maritimum germacrene D (10.4% and 15.9%, respectively) and 2,4,5-trimethylbenzaldehyde (8.3% and 6.7%) were the most abundant components

Volatile compounds of flowers and leaves of Sideritis italica (Miller)Greuter et Burdet (Lamiaceae), a plant used as mountain tea

2010

Sideritis italica (Miller) Greuter et Burdet (Lamiaceae), widely used in ethnopharmacological medicine, occurs in Southern Italy and Sicily. The phytochemical composition of the essential oils of S. italica flowers and leaves, harvested in Piano Battaglia (Sicily), was analysed by GC and GC-MS. Of the 51 compounds, 43 in the oil from flowers and 29 in the oil from leaves were identified. Kaur-15-ene (20.0%) was recognised as the main constituent of the oil from flowers, together with beta-cubebene (12.1%), beta-pinene (8.5%), (Z)-nuciferol (6.5%), tricyclene (4.5%) and alpha-bisabolol (4.0%). In the oil from leaves, p-methoxyacetophenone (26.0%) prevailed, as did hexadecanoic acid (21.3%), …

Complete Spectral Analysis of the1H NMR 16-Spin System of β-Pinene

1997

The complete analysis of the 1H NMR spectrum of β-pinene, (1S)-(-)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, which is of the ABCDEFGHIJX3Y3 type, is reported and earlier results are corrected. The vicinal coupling constants, 3J(H,H), are compared with the theoretical values calculated by using the Altona and co-workers’ equations for the structure derived by molecular modelling. The results were applied to the conformational analysis of β-pinene. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Genomic instability induced by α-pinene in Chinese hamster cell line.

2012

Here, we report the effects of exposure of mammalian cells to α-pinene, a bicyclic monoterpene used in insecticides, solvents and perfumes. Morphological analysis, performed in V79-Cl3 cells exposed for 1 h to increasing concentrations (25 up to 50 μM) of α-pinene, indicated a statistically significant increase in micronucleated and multinucleated cell frequencies; apoptotic cells were seen at 40 and 50 μM. This monoterpene caused genomic instability by interfering with mitotic process; in fact, 50% of cells (versus 19% of control cells) showed irregular mitosis with multipolar or incorrectly localised spindles. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated high-frequency hypodiploid metaphases as well…

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of some species of Anthemis sect. Anthemis (Asteraceae) from Sicily

2017

The chemical composition of the essential oils isolated from the aerial parts of Anthemis arvensis L. subsp. arvensis, Anthemis cretica subsp. messanensis (Brullo) Giardina & Raimondo and from flowers and leaves of Anthemis cretica subsp. columnae (Ten.) Frezén were determinated by GC–FID and GC–MS analyses. Torreyol (85.4%) was recognised as the main constituent of the Anthemis arvensis subsp. arvensis essential oil, while in the essential oils of Anthemis cretica subsp. messanensis, collected on the rock and cultivated in Hortus Botanicus Panormitanus, (E)-chrysanthenyl acetate (28.8 and 24.2% resp.), 14-hydroxy-α-humulene (8.1 and 5.3% resp.), santolina triene (8 and 5.8% resp.) and …

The chemical composition of the aerial parts essential oil of four Phagnalon species collected in Sicily (Italy) and Greece

2022

The genus Phagnalon Cass., included in the Asteraceae family, has a wide distribution, expanding from Macaronesia in the West to the Himalayas in the East, from South France and Nord Italy to Ethiopia and Arabian Peninsula. Various species of Phagnalon have been used in the popular medicine of several countries as medicinal herbs and food. The extracts and the secondary metabolites, have a varied application spectrum at several biological levels, with antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor, etc. properties having been reported. The essential oils of four taxa, Phagnalon rupestre, Phagnalon saxatile var. viride, and Phagnalon rupestre subsp. illyricum var. metlesicsii collected …