Search results for "Pinus"

Maritime Pine Pinus Pinaster Aiton

2018

Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) is the most abundant conifer in the Mediterranean basin. Currently, maritime pine is considered to be a model conifer species for study of the adaption responses to drought stress from a genomics approach. In this context, the availability of protocols that allow not only mass vegetative propagation of selected families or genotypes, but also facilitate the functional analyses needed to verify and further to study the effects of candidate genes are necessary. Here we describe an improved protocol to generate maritime pine plants through somatic embryogenesis from immature megagametophytes. Accurate procedures for explant preparation, somatic embryo induc…

The contribution of archaeological plant remains in tracing the cultural history of Mediterranean trees: The example of the Roman harbour ofNeapolis

2015

In this paper, we present a detailed record of the plant remains recovered on the palaeo-seafloors of Neapolis harbour, spanning ≈700 years, between the 2nd century BC and the 5th century AD, thus intersecting the entire Roman Imperial Age. The site preserved many cultivated or cultivable plant remains, especially from food related trees. This particular feature provided the opportunity to reconstruct the puzzling history of planting them and the Roman economy, especially with respect to food production, the market and to dietary habits. The evidence suggests that Prunus persica, Castanea sativa, Juglans regia and Pinus pinea were locally grown all along the investigated period, testifying …

Infection and spread of root rot caused byHeterobasidionspp. inPinus contortaplantations in Northern Europe: three case studies

2019

This study investigated the origins and spread patterns of Heterobasidion root disease in three Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loudon plantations established on forest and agricultural land and subjected to three different management scenarios. Trees with decline symptoms and stumps remaining from the previous rotation were sampled for fungal isolations. Ten isolates of Heterobasidion parviporum Niemelä & Korhonen and 425 of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. were tested for clonality through somatic compatibility tests. The following conclusions were reached: (i) P. contorta is highly susceptible to H. annosum and H. parviporum and both pathogens cause dieback of P. contorta; (ii) H. annosum…

Phlebiopsis gigantea attīstība maza diametra skuju koku celmos

2016

Lai novērtētu P. gigantea micēlija attīstību skuju koku celmos sastāva kopšanas cirtēs, četrās audzēs Vidusdaugavas mežsaimniecībā tika ierīkots eksperiments, kurā ar „Rotstop” un divu Latvijas P. gigantea izolātu konīdijsporu suspensijām apstrādāja maza diametra (3 – 12 cm) parasto egļu un parasto priežu celmus. Pēc gada tika ievākti koksnes paraugi un analizēta P. gigantea attīstība celmos. P. gigantea izolāti labāk attīstījās maza diametra priežu celmos nekā egļu celmos. Dabiskā P. gigantea infekcija konstatēta 20% maza diametra priežu celmu. Salīdzinot „Rotstop” ar vietējiem izolātiem, Latvijas izolāta PG137 attīstības biežums priežu celmos būtiski neatšķīrās un P. gigantea micēlijs sas…

Correct type designation of the endemic Canary pine Pinus canariensis (Pinaceae)

2018

The contribution of ozone to forest decline

1995

More than 10 years of intensive research into forest decline in Germany has ascertained that the full extent of the visible damage cannot be explained by just one of the current hypotheses on forest decline. One of the prominent hypotheses is that chronic exposure of forest trees to ozone is probably one of the primary causes of forest decline. The aim of this paper is the critical review of a number of recent results dealing with the ozone hypothesis from a plant physiological point of view. The synopsis focusses on the effects of ozone on conifers because the most extensive data are available for coniferous trees, especially for spruce (Picea sp.) and pine (Pinus sp.) trees.

Modelling dendro-anthracological parameters with dendrochronological reference datasets: interrogating the applicability of anthraco-typology to asse…

2020

International audience; Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Miller) is present in the palaeoenvironmental records of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean) since the Early Holocene. It is also documented in the archaeological charcoal analysis (aka anthracology) of early prehistoric sites, but it was especially exploited at certain sites during the Late Iron Age. However, different woodland exploitation strategies cannot be deciphered purely through the taxonomical identification of charcoal fragments, so it is difficult to assess if the presence of Aleppo pine in archaeological assemblages is due to specific social management strategies (branches and/or trunks exploitation). Anthraco…

Nutritional quality of littoral macroinvertebrates and pelagic zooplankton in subarctic lakes

2021

Littoral benthic primary production is considered the most important energy source of consumers in subarctic lakes. We analyzed essential fatty acid (EFA) and amino acid (EAA) content of 23 littoral benthic macroinvertebrate taxa as well as cladocerans and copepods from pelagic and littoral habitats of 8–9 subarctic lakes to compare their nutritional quality. Pelagic crustacean zooplankton had significantly higher EFA and total FA content (on average 2.6‐fold and 1.6‐fold, respectively) than littoral macroinvertebrates in all our study lakes. Specifically, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), one of the most important EFA for juvenile fish, was almost exclusively found in pelagic copepods. In littor…

Distribution of Δ5-olefinic acids in the triacylglycerols fromPinus koraiensisandPinus pinasterseed oils

1996

Purified triacylglycerols (TAG) fromPinus koraiensis andP. pinaster seed oils, which are interesting and commercially available sources of Δ5-olefinic acids (i.e.,cis-5,cis-9,cis-12 18:3 andcis-5,cis-11,cis-14 20:3 acids) were fractionated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and each fraction was examined by capillary gas-liquid chromatography for its fatty acid composition. A structure could be assigned to more than 92% of TAG from both oils. In both instances, ca. 48% of the TAG were shown to contain at least one δ5-olefinic acid. In the great majority of TAG, our data showed that there is only one molecule of δ5-olefinic acid per molecule of TAG. This is compatible …

Chemical Composition of Scots Pine Bark as a Bioindicator of Environmental Quality in Riga, Latvia / Priežu Mizu ķīmiskais Sastāvs Kā Vides Stāvokļa …

2015

Abstract The chemical composition of pine bark was used for the determination of environmental quality in Rīga. Bark samples were collected at 54 sites in Rīga differing in vegetation and building area characteristics (urban forests, parks and cemeteries, dwelling houses, and streets and railway zones) and at 52 sites from rural areas in Latvia (background level). Concentrations of Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd, Pb, and pH was determined in the samples. The results showed significantly higher concentrations of chemical elements in pine bark collected in Rīga, compared to background levels: Fe and Cu concentrations three times higher, and other elements - up to 1.8 times. The highest…