Search results for "Pinus"
showing 10 items of 159 documents
Pre‐instrumental summer precipitation variability in northwestern Greece from a high‐elevation Pinus heldreichii network
2021
The spatiotemporal variability of precipitation is of vital importance to Mediterranean ecology and economy, but pre‐instrumental changes are not well understood. Here, we present a millennial‐length June–July precipitation reconstruction derived from a network of 22 Pinus heldreichii high‐elevation sites in the Pindus Mountains of northwestern Greece. Tree‐ring width chronologies from these sites cohere exceptionally well over the past several hundred years (r1467–2015 = 0.64) revealing coherence at inter‐annual to centennial timescales across the network. The network mean calibrates significantly against instrumental June–July precipitation over the past 40 years (r1976–2015 = 0.71), even…
Wildfire effects on extractable elements in ash from aPinus pinasterforest in Portugal
2013
This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology, project CGL2006-11107-C02-02/BOS ‘Evaluation of the quality of Mediterranean soils affected by fire in a middle and large term’ and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). We are also thankful to Serveis Cientifico-Tecnics from the University of Barcelona. The authors would also like to acknowledge FuegoRed (Fire Effects on Soil Properties Network) for financing the projects CGL2007-28764-E/BTE CGL2008-01632-E/BTE y CGL2009-06861-E/BTE, the Lithuanian Research Council for financing the project LITFIRE, Fire effects on Lithuanian soils and ecosystems (MIP-48/2011), the HYDFIRE project (CGL2010-21670-C02-01) a…
Modelling dendro-anthracological parameters with dendrochronological reference datasets: interrogating the applicability of anthraco-typology to asse…
2020
International audience; Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Miller) is present in the palaeoenvironmental records of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean) since the Early Holocene. It is also documented in the archaeological charcoal analysis (aka anthracology) of early prehistoric sites, but it was especially exploited at certain sites during the Late Iron Age. However, different woodland exploitation strategies cannot be deciphered purely through the taxonomical identification of charcoal fragments, so it is difficult to assess if the presence of Aleppo pine in archaeological assemblages is due to specific social management strategies (branches and/or trunks exploitation). Anthraco…
Characterization of lignin dissolved during alkaline pretreatment of softwood and hardwood
2015
Various alkaline pretreatments were applied to Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver/white birch (Betula pendula/pubescens) wood chips and the characterization of sulfur-free lignin dissolved was performed. The behavior of lignin during these pretreatments (alkali charge 1–8% NaOH, time 30–120 minutes, and temperature 130–150°C) was studied mainly in terms of lignin removal efficiency and molar mass distribution of dissolved lignin. The amount of lignin in pretreatment liquors increased along with an increase in the alkali charge of 0.8–4.4% and 0.6–3.4% of o.d. pine and birch wood, respectively. The most significant parameter affecting the molar mass of the dissolved lignin was shown to…
The cavity-nest ant Temnothorax crassispinus prefers larger nests
2014
Colonies of the ant Temnothorax crassispinus inhabit mostly cavities in wood and hollow acorns. Typically in the field, nest sites that can be used by the ant are a limited resource. In a field experiment, it was investigated whether the ants prefer a specific size of nest, when different ones are available. In July 2011, a total of 160 artificial nests were placed in a beech-pine forest. Four artificial nests (pieces of wood with volume cavities, ca 415, 605, 730, and 980 mm3, respectively) were located on each square meter of the experimental plot. One year later, shortly before the emergence of new sexuals, the nests were collected. In July 2012, colonies inhabited more frequently bigger…
Three-Dimensional Microstructural Properties of Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films
2014
Abstract: Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) films have potential as oxygen barriers for, e.g., food packaging applications, but their use is limited by their hygroscopic characteristics. The three-dimensional microstructure of NFC films made of Pinus radiata (Radiata Pine) kraft pulp fibres has been assessed in this study, considering the structural development as a function of relative humidity (RH). The surface roughness, micro-porosity, thickness and their correlations were analyzed using X-ray microtomography (X–μCT) and computerized image analysis. The results are compared to those from scanning electron microscopy and laser profilometry. Based on a series of films having varying amounts…
Pacilās vai vagās stādīto priedes (Pinus sylvestris) un egles (Picea abies) stādu agrīnā attīstība āreņos un citi meža atjaunošanas sekmīgumu ietekmē…
2017
Augsnes sagatavošana ir plaši izmantota prakse parastās egles (Picea abies) un parastās priedes (Pinus sylvestris) audžu atjaunošanā. Visplašāk izmantotās augsnes sagatavošanas metodes ir vagu un pacilu izveide, šīs metodes uzlabo stādu augšanu un palielina izdzīvojušo stādu skaitu salīdzinājumā ar neapstrādātu augsni. Neskatoties uz šo augsnes sagatavošanas veidu plašo pielietojumu mežu atjaunošanā Latvijā, līdz šim nebija veikti pētījumi, kas salīdzinātu vagu un pacilu sekmību āreņu tipa mežos. Pētījums tika veikts 2016. gadā, periodā no jūlija beigām līdz augusta beigām. Apsekotās audzes bija atjaunotas pirms viena līdz trīs gadiem. Mērķis bija noskaidrot, kurš no apstrādes veidiem snieg…
Glyphosate residues alter the microbiota of a perennial weed with a minimal indirect impact on plant performance
2021
Abstract Purpose In cold climates, glyphosate residues may linger in soils, with effects on plant–microbe interactions and, consequently, plant performance. Here, we explore the influence of glyphosate residues on the endophytic microbiota (bacteria and fungi) and performance of the perennial nitrogen-fixing weed Lupinus polyphyllus. Methods In a common garden, we grew plants from six populations of L. polyphyllus in glyphosate-treated or untreated control soils, with or without additional phosphorus. We sampled plant microbiota (leaves, roots, nodules) and assessed plant performance based on six traits: height, retrogression probability (i.e. shrinkage), biomass, root:shoot ratio, nodule n…
Maintenance of genetic variation in sexual ornamentation : role of precopulatory and postcopulatory sexual selection
2010
Celmeņu Armillaria spp. dzīvotspēja un patogenitāte Latvijas izcelsmes priežu Pinus sylvestris un egļu Picea abies stādos
2017
Celmeņu Armillaria spp. ģints sēņu izraisītā sakņu trupe ir iemesls ievērojamiem mežsaimnieciskajiem zaudējumiem. Darbā analizēta Armillaria solidipes, A. cepistipes un A. borealis dzīvotspēja, izplatīšanās potenciāls un patogenitāte 5-6 gadus vecos parasto priežu (563 gab.) un parasto egļu (350 gab.) stādos. Armillaria spp. inokulātu attīstība novērota stādu audzēšanai paredzētajā kūdras substrātā. Novērojumus priežu un egļu stādiem veica pēc attiecīgi 12 un 15 mēnešiem. Patogēna dzīvotspēja bija atkarīga no tā sugas: A. cepistipes būtiski augstāka, bet A. solidipes viszemākā. Augstāko izplatīšanās potenciālu konstatēja A. cepistipes, bet viszemāko A. solidipes. Visas trīs Armillaria sugas…