Search results for "Plane"
showing 10 items of 6821 documents
Sagittal suture morphological variation in human archaeological populations
2021
Cranial sutures join the many bones of the skull. They are therefore points of weakness and consequently subjected to the many mechanical stresses affecting the cranium. However, the way in which this impacts their morphological complexity remains unclear. We examine the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of human sagittal sutures by quantifying the morphology from 107 individuals from archaeological populations spanning the Mesolithic to Middle ages, using standardized two-dimensional photographs. Results show that the most important factor determining sutural complexity appears to be the position along the cranial vault from the junction with the coronal suture at its anterior-most point …
Can the transverse foramen/vertebral artery ratio of double transverse foramen subjects be a risk for vertebrobasilar transient ischemic attacks?
2018
The C6 is the cervical vertebra into which the vertebral artery enters the passage of the transverse foramen and it is the vertebra most affected by double transverse foramina. There is currently little information about the relation between the vertebral artery and the double transverse foramen in C6. We aimed to test whether subjects with a double transverse foramen in C6 have a reduced transverse foramen/vertebral artery ratio when compared with normal anatomy subjects who possess a single transverse foramen which may be a risk for transient vertebral artery stenosis. We measured the area of the transverse foramen and the vertebral artery in 27 double transverse and 56 normal anatomy sub…
Analysis of low-correlated spatial gene expression patterns: A clustering approach in the mouse brain data hosted in the Allen Brain Atlas
2018
The Allen Brain Atlas (ABA) provides a similar gene expression dataset by genome-scale mapping of the C57BL/6J mouse brain. In this study, the authors describe a method to extract the spatial information of gene expression patterns across a set of 1047 genes. The genes were chosen from among the 4104 genes having the lowest Pearson correlation coefficient used to compare the expression patterns across voxels in a single hemisphere for available coronal and sagittal volumes. The set of genes analysed in this study is the one discarded in the article by Bohland et al. , which was considered to be of a lower consistency, not a reliable dataset. Following a normalisation task with a global and …
AMPK phosphorylation modulates pain by activation of NLRP3 inflammasome
2016
et al.
INTU -related oral-facial-digital syndrome type VI: a confirmatory report
2018
Oral-facial-digital (OFD) syndromes are a subgroup of ciliopathies distinguished by the co-occurrence of hamartomas and/or multiple frenula of the oral region and digital anomalies. Several clinical forms of OFD syndromes are distinguished by their associated anomalies and/or inheritance patterns, and at least 20 genetic types of OFD syndromes have been delineated. We describe here a child with preaxial and postaxial polydactyly, lingual hamartoma, a congenital heart defect, delayed development and cerebellar peduncles displaying the molar tooth sign. Whole-exome sequencing and SNP array identified compound heterozygous variants in the INTU gene, which encodes a protein involved in the posi…
Induced post-traumatic apexification: 20 year follow-up and morphological study after new fracture.
2018
Apexification is an endodontic technique used in immature necrotic teeth, the primary goal of which is to induce a calcified barrier in roots with open apices and to promote the continuation of apical root development. A 7-year-old patient with a coronal fracture in a maxillary central incisor was treated with an apexification technique using calcium hydroxide. The apical closure was obtained after one year, then a permanent root canal filling was performed. The tooth was monitored for a period of 20 years, up to when a trauma caused its extraction. The newly formed root was analyzed macroscopically, histologically and through scanning electron microscopy. A morphologically normal root was …
Crack formation and cleaving of sapphire with ultrafast bessel beams
2017
Sapphire is a transparent crystalline dielectric of high hardness with many important applications, specifically to the next-generation touchscreens and to the LED growth, as substrates. However, sapphire cutting by ablative techniques is rather slow therefore fast material separation techniques are needed. Material separation by “stealth dicing” has been recently developed, it is based on material cleaving along a plane weakened by multiple ultrafast laser illuminations. This allows usually generating taper-free cutting and avoids material loss. However, the illuminated plane needs small spacing between the shot to shot (typically a few μm) and long damages inside the bulk. This requires l…
Does Metformin Protect Diabetic Patients from Oxidative Stress and Leukocyte-Endothelium Interactions?
2017
Since metformin can exert beneficial vascular effects, we aimed at studying its effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, antioxidant enzyme expression, levels of adhesion molecules, and leukocyte-endothelium interactions in the leukocytes from type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients. The study was carried out in 72 T2D patients (41 of whom were treated with metformin for at least 12 months at a dose of 1700 mg per day), and in 40 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Leukocytes from T2D patients exhibited enhanced levels of mitochondrial ROS and decreased mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase 1 (gpx1) and sirtuin 3 (sirt3) with respect to controls, whereas metformin was shown to revert t…
4D (x-y-z-t) imaging of thick biological samples by means of Two-Photon inverted Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy (2PE-iSPIM)
2015
AbstractIn the last decade light sheet fluorescence microscopy techniques, such as selective plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), has become a well established method for developmental biology. However, conventional SPIM architectures hardly permit imaging of certain tissues since the common sample mounting procedure, based on gel embedding, could interfere with the sample morphology. In this work we propose an inverted selective plane microscopy system (iSPIM), based on non-linear excitation, suitable for 3D tissue imaging. First, the iSPIM architecture provides flexibility on the sample mounting, getting rid of the gel-based mounting typical of conventional SPIM, permitting 3D imaging of…
Oxidative Stress: A Unifying Mechanism for Cell Damage Induced by Noise, (Water-Pipe) Smoking, and Emotional Stress-Therapeutic Strategies Targeting …
2018
Modern technologies have eased our lives but these conveniences can impact our lifestyles in destructive ways. Noise pollution, mental stresses, and smoking (as a stress-relieving solution) are some environmental hazards that affect our well-being and healthcare budgets. Scrutinizing their pathophysiology could lead to solutions to reduce their harmful effects. Recent Advances: Oxidative stress plays an important role in initiating local and systemic inflammation after noise pollution, mental stress, and smoking. Lipid peroxidation and release of lysolipid by-products, disturbance in activation and function of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), induction of stress hormones …