Search results for "Platelet"
showing 10 items of 786 documents
Impairment of the extrusion transporter for asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine: a novel mechanism underlying vasospastic angina.
2012
Abstract A 37-year old male patient presented with frequent angina attacks (up to 40/day) largely resistant to classical vasodilator therapy. The patient showed severe coronary and peripheral endothelial dysfunction, increased platelet aggregation and increased platelet-derived superoxide production. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-inhibitor N G -nitro- l -arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) reduced superoxide formation in platelets identifying “uncoupled” eNOS as a superoxide source. Oral l -arginine normalized coronary and peripheral endothelial dysfunction and reduced platelet aggregation and eNOS-derived superoxide production. Plasma concentrations of the endogenous NOS inhibito…
Nitric Oxide Production and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Platelet Membranes of Coronary Heart Disease Patients with and without Diabetes
2001
<i>Aim:</i> To evaluate the levels of nitrite (NO<sup>–</sup><sub>2</sub>) and nitrate (NO<sup>–</sup><sub>3</sub>) ions and the incorporation of [<sup>3</sup>H]arachidonic acid (AA) into phospholipids of platelet membranes from coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without diabetes (NIDDM). <i>Subjects and Methods:</i> Eighteen CAD patients (group A), 18 CAD patients with NIDDM (group B), and 20 healthy controls (group C) without dyslipidemia, peripheral vascular disease and hypertension were included in the study. The groups were matched for age, sex and body mass index. The diagnosis of CAD was …
The Association between Peripheral Blood Cells and the Frailty Syndrome in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases
2020
Background: Frailty syndrome is characterized by multisystem dysregulation frequently found in older individuals or even in younger patients with chronic disabling diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To determine whether peripheral blood cell count, and its subpopulations, red blood cell and platelets, morphology and different ratios (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and red blood distribution width-to-platelet ratio) are associated with cardiac frail patients, and through this to improve the prediction of frailty status in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods: An observational, retrospective, cohort study enrolling 179 patients with c…
Effects of sorbinicate and nicotinic acid on blood viscosity, red cell deformation and platelet function
1982
Summary Nicotinic acid (NA) and a retard derivative, sorbinicate, were investigated for their effects on blood rheology and platelet function, after oral administration, in two groups of patients with lower limb atherosclerosis obliterans — the second group having diabetes also. Red cell deformation and blood plasma viscosity were studied in the nondiabetic group (single dose of NA, 100 mg, and sorbinicate, 400 mg); release of platelet malondialdehyde (MDA) (single dose of NA, 100 mg, and sorbinicate, 800 mg), and the platelet regeneration time (before and after sorbinicate 400 mg × 3/die for 7 days) were studied in the diabetic group. Both drugs induced a significant improvement in red cel…
Serum Concentration of Growth Differentiation Factor-15 Is Independently Associated with Global Platelet Function and Higher Fibrinogen Values in Adu…
2017
AbstractGrowth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has recently emerged as a strong and independent predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this important association remain speculative. This study was aimed to investigate the potential associations between the serum concentration of GDF-15 and clinical or laboratory parameters in a population of ostensibly healthy subjects. The study population consisted of 44 healthy volunteers enrolled from the laboratory staff (14 males and 30 females; mean age, 47 ± 11 years), who had their blood collected for assessing complete blood cell count, GDF-15, serum creatinine, albumin, cardiac t…
Phase I trial of recombinant human tumour necrosis factor alpha in patients with advanced malignancy.
1991
A phase I clinical trial was conducted with recombinant human tumour necrosis factor alpha (rhTNF-alpha) in 62 patients with advanced malignancy refractory to previous standard therapy. rhTNF-alpha was given as a 30 min infusion twice a day at 6 h intervals. A total of 10 different dose levels was escalated in cohorts of 6 patients ranging from 2.5 to 200 micrograms/m2 twice a day for 5 days every second week for a total of 8 weeks followed by a 4-week observation period. Major side-effects of TNF-alpha therapy, seen in almost all patients studied, were fever and chills. As dose-limiting side-effects hypotension and liver toxicity were recorded in 4 of 5 patients treated with 200 micrograms…
Newly diagnosed depression is associated with increased beta-thromboglobulin levels and increased expression of platelet activation markers and plate…
2013
Abstract Background Inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerotic disease. Up until now only limited evidence exists on the mechanism of cardiovascular complications in patients with depression. In addition depression was also linked to an increase in cardiovascular mortality. The present study was designed to evaluate the extent of platelet activation and platelet-derived markers of atherosclerotic disease in patients with newly diagnosed depression. Methods This study used whole blood aggregometry, flow cytometry and ELISA to investigate platelet CD62P (P-selectin) expression and atherosclerotic markers (CD40, CD40L) as well as serum platelet factor 4 (PF-4) and beta-thromboglobulin (β…
Spontaneous echo contrast caused by platelet and leukocyte aggregates?
2001
Background and Purpose —Spontaneous echocardiographic contrast (SEC) is correlated to clinical thromboembolic events. We sought to determine the origin of SEC by utilizing direct analysis of left atrial blood. Methods —We examined the blood of 13 patients with and 19 without SEC. Blood samples were taken from the femoral vein and artery and from the right and left atria after transseptal puncture. Samples were incubated with fluorescence-labeled antibodies directed against the platelet (CD41a-PE, CD42b-PE, and CD62p-FITC) and leukocyte membrane epitopes (CD45-APC and CD14-FITC). The expressed epitopes were analyzed by dual laser flow cytometry immediately after blood withdrawal. Results —I…
Platelet-activating factor type activity in plasma from patients with septicemia and other diseases
1991
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether increased levels of platelet-activating factor (PAF) type activity can be detected in plasma from patients with septicemia and other diseases. A level of PAF below 0.5 ng/mL of plasma was considered normal. We found that plasma from a patient with adverse anaphylactoidic reaction to intravenous analgetics contained 2.1 ng PAF/mL. In seven patients with septicemia, including urosepsis, endocarditis and peritonitis, and with positive blood culture, increased plasma PAF levels (1-20 ng PAF/mL) were observed. Other patients with clinical indications of septicemia had negative blood cultures and/or increased levels of C-reactive protein (…
Growth factor levels in platelet-rich plasma and correlations with donor age, sex, and platelet count.
2002
Abstract Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma contains autologous thrombocyte growth factors and might be promising for acceleration of dentoalveolar bone regeneration. In this study, it was analysed for platelet counts and growth factor concentrations. Material and method: Platelet-rich plasma was isolated by discontinuous cell separation from 158 healthy men and 55 women aged 17–62 years. One hundred and fifteen specimens (stratified for age and gender of the donor) were analysed for growth factor concentrations and platelet count. Results: The platelet count in platelet-rich plasma (1,407,640±320,100/μl) was 5 times higher than in donor blood (266,040±60,530/μl). Platelet-derived growth fa…