Search results for "Platelet"

Atherothrombosis and Thromboembolism: Position Paper from the Second Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis

2018

AbstractAtherothrombosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality and long-term morbidity. Platelets and coagulation proteases, interacting with circulating cells and in different vascular beds, modify several complex pathologies including atherosclerosis. In the second Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis, this theme was addressed by diverse scientists from bench to bedside. All presentations were discussed with audience members and the results of these discussions were incorporated in the final document that presents a state-of-the-art reflection of expert opinions and consensus recommendations regarding the following five topics: 1. Risk factors, biomarkers and plaque inst…

Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Study of the Variables that May Influence Its Effect on Bone Regeneration

2015

Background Currently, the use of platelet-rich plasma in bone regeneration is a real option, although more than one opinion has alerted us to the absence of clinical benefits. Purpose Analysis of the factors able to modify the characteristics of the platelet preparation obtained by Curasan, Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF), Platelet Concentrate Collection System (PCCS) and SmartPrep systems, relating them to the type of clinical application and the final bone regeneration achieved. Materials and Methods A search was conducted in PubMed using the keywords “platelet-rich plasma,” “PRP,” “platelet rich growth factors,” and “oral bone regeneration.” Four widely accepted protocols for the ob…

Association of Non-Invasive Markers of Liver Fibrosis with HCV Coinfection and Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients with HIV

2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the main effects and interaction between viral hepatitis C (HCV) coinfection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) by using a nonparametric ANOVA on direct and indirect markers of liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients. The sample included 178 HIV patients aged from 23 to 65 (36% females). The following parameters were determined in blood of patients: hyaluronic acid, pro-matrix metalloproteinase-1, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and platelet count. The FIB-4 index was also calculated. The nonparametric ANOVA revealed no significant interaction between HCV coinfection and ART. This provides evidence for an independent contribut…

Endogenous peroxynitrite modulates PGHS-1–dependent thromboxane A2 formation and aggregation in human platelets

2008

Aggregation of activated platelets is considerably mediated by the autocrine action of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) which is formed in a prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 synthase-1 (PGHS-1 or COX-1)-dependent manner. The activity of PGHS-1 can be stimulated by peroxides, an effect termed "peroxide tone", that renders PGHS-1 the key regulatory enzyme in the formation of TxA2. Activated platelets release nitric oxide (*NO) and superoxide (O*2) but their interactions with the prostanoid pathway have been controversially discussed in platelet physiology and pathophysiology. The current study demonstrates that endogenously formed peroxynitrite at nanomolar concentrations, originating from the interaction …

Effects of clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor on endothelial function, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters and platelet function in patie…

2014

Introduction Particularly in the setting of acute coronary syndromes, the interplay between vascular and platelet function has been postulated to have direct clinical implications. The present trial is designed to test the effect of clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor on multiple parameters of vascular function, platelet aggregation, oxidative and inflammatory stress before and up to 4 weeks after coronary artery stenting. Methods and analysis The study is designed as a three-arm, parallel design, randomised, investigator-blinded study. Patients with unstable angina or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing coronary intervention with a drug-eluting stent will be randomised to r…

Special Issue: "The Latest Clinical Advances in Thrombocytopenia"

2021

Platelets are critical elements in the blood stream, supporting hemostasis as well as performing even more complex tasks within networks of biological (immunity) and pathophysiological processes, such as cancer and ischemia/reperfusion injury [...]

Dental management of patients receiving anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet treatment

2013

Introduction: Adequate hemostasis is crucial for the success of invasive dental treatment, since bleeding problems can give rise to complications associated with important morbidity-mortality. The dental treatment of patients who tend to an increased risk of bleeding due to the use of anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet drugs raises a challenge in the daily practice of dental professionals. Adequate knowledge of the mechanisms underlying hemostasis, and the optimized management of such patients, are therefore very important issues. Objectives: A study is made of the anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs currently available on the market, with evaluation of the risks and benefits of suspending su…

Pathogenese und Therapie des akuten Koronarsyndroms differenzieller Nutzen von GPIIb/IIIa-Rezeptorantagonisten bei Hochrisikopatienten

2006

Pathogenesis and therapy of the acute coronary syndrome: differentiated advantage of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists for high-risk patients Activated thrombocytes and their aggregation into a thrombus play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of the acute coronary syndrome. Glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists block the binding of fibrinogen to GP IIb/IIIa receptors of activated thrombocytes and inhibit their aggregation. Patients with an acute coronary syndrome and raised troponin levels who are to undergo primary coronary revascularization profit particularly from treatment with GPIIb/IIIa receptor antagonists. This is especially so if they also have diabetes.

A new approach to ticagrelor-based de-escalation of antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome. A rationale for a randomized, double-blind, p…

2021

The risk of ischemic events gradually decreases after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), reaching a stable level after 1 month, while the risk of bleeding remains steady during the whole period of dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT). Several de-escalation strategies of antiplatelet treatment aiming to enhance safety of DAPT without depriving it of its efficacy have been evaluated so far. We hypothesized that reduction of the ticagrelor maintenance dose 1 month after ACS and its continuation until 12 months after ACS may improve adherence to antiplatelet treatment due to better tolerability compared with the standard dose of ticagrelor. Moreover, improved safety of treatment and preserved anti-is…

2014

Introduction Particularly in the setting of acute coronary syndromes, the interplay between vascular and platelet function has been postulated to have direct clinical implications. The present trial is designed to test the effect of clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor on multiple parameters of vascular function, platelet aggregation, oxidative and inflammatory stress before and up to 4 weeks after coronary artery stenting. Methods and analysis The study is designed as a three-arm, parallel design, randomised, investigator-blinded study. Patients with unstable angina or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing coronary intervention with a drug-eluting stent will be randomised to r…