Search results for "Pleasure"

Binge eating and psychostimulant addiction.

2021

Many of the various factors, characteristics, and variables involved in the addictive process can determine an individual's vulnerability to develop drug addiction. Hedonic eating, based on pleasure rather than energy needs, modulates the same reward circuits, as do drugs of abuse. According to the last report of the World Health Organization, the worldwide obesity rate has more than doubled since 1980, reaching especially critical levels in children and young people, who are overexposed to high-fat, high-sugar, energy-dense foods. Over the past few decades, there has been an increase in the number of studies focused on how eating disorders can lead to the development of drug addiction and …

Emotions in segmentation

2004

Abstract This paper presents an empirical study into tourist segmentation based on consumption emotions evoked by the enjoyment of leisure and tourism services. The research was conducted with 400 tourists visiting attractions. Taking as a basis the bidimensional approach to emotions—pleasure and arousal dimensions—the results provide support for the suitability of emotions as a segmentation variable. Those experiencing greater pleasure and arousal showed an increased level of satisfaction as well as more favorable behavioral intentions, meaning loyalty and willingness to pay more. Among the recommendations directed towards service organizations is the incorporation of affective variables i…

From technology engineering to social engineering

2007

Virtual worlds have a long history, and it also includes various technologies. Yet research interest towards them has diverged over the years. It seems that nowadays they are on focus again with the evolution of socially oriented and community-supporting virtual worlds. Instead of technical factors, human factors and the motivation behind the use are highlighted. In this paper, we will briefly review the research efforts made in the 90's, and derive a set of themes that were of interest back then. Next, we will expand the set by arguing for newer themes, identified in the latest information systems literature. These two sets of themes form a basis of a research agenda for studying virtual w…

The role of hedonics in the Human Affectome.

2019

International audience; Experiencing pleasure and displeasure is a fundamental part of life. Hedonics guide behavior, affect decision-making, induce learning, and much more. As the positive and negative valence of feelings, hedonics are core processes that accompany emotion, motivation, and bodily states. Here, the affective neuroscience of pleasure and displeasure that has largely focused on the investigation of reward and pain processing, is reviewed. We describe the neurobiological systems of hedonics and factors that modulate hedonic experiences (e.g., cognition, learning, sensory input). Further, we review maladaptive and adaptive pleasure and displeasure functions in mental disorders …

Seniors and gambling: pleasure or addictions? A French example

2016

International audience

The Role of Learning Difficulties in Adolescents’ Academic Emotions and Academic Achievement

2019

The present study examines associations between learning difficulties (LD), academic emotions, and academic achievement among 845 Grade 6 adolescents (455 girls, 390 boys). Reading difficulties (RD) and math difficulties (MD) were identified based on tested reading and math skills in the fall semester of Grade 6. At this time, the students also rated their hope, enjoyment, and anxiety regarding literacy and math. Information on students' achievement in literacy and math, as well as their overall academic achievement, was gathered using questionnaires in both the fall and spring semesters of Grade 6. The results show, first, that students with RD had lower hope and higher anxiety toward read…

Satiety in face of variety: On sensory-specific satiety and perceived food variety

2013

Sensory-specific satiety (SSS) is the relative decrease in sensory pleasure derived from a specific food or drink with its consumption. Such satiation does not require ingestion, but hinges on exposure to a given flavour. As it affects meal termination, it is important in determining overall intake. Variety in a meal or dish undermines SSS and promotes consumption of the meal. In the present study, the hypothesis that the mere presentation and suggestion of food variety can undermine SSS was examined in a sample of 92 undergraduate students. All participants ate several bite-sized servings of a test food to induce SSS, but participants in the experimental group were shown another food durin…

How to facilitate the acceptance of fruits and vegetables in children: early feeding strategies

2018

Despite recommendations throughout Europe to increase children's consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV), they remain below recommendations in many countries. For instance, in France, the National Program on Nutrition and Health recommends consuming five 80-gram portions of fruit and vegetables per day, but the consumption observed in three- to 10-year-old children in 2007 only reached 74 g for fruit and 67 g for vegetables. Thus, it is crucial to establish preferences for FV early, when children are learning to eat. We will summarize the factors that influence FV acceptance at the start of the CF period and during the first years of life: previous milk feeding experience; timing of onset …

2020

Besides the pure pleasure of watching a dance performance, dance as a whole-body movement is becoming increasingly popular for health-related interventions. However, the science-based evidence for improvements in health or well-being through dance is still ambiguous and little is known about the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. This may be partly related to the fact that previous studies mostly examined the neurophysiological effects of imagination and observation of dance rather than the physical execution itself. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate acute effects of a physically executed dance with its different components (recalling the choreography and physical …

The Representation of Shopping in Children’s Books

2016

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the representations, figures and processes of shopping/commerce in books published in France that are aimed at three to seven-year-olds. Design/methodology/approach A semiotic analysis of nearly 50 books published over the past 60 years. Findings These books reveal a broad diversity in the images of shops given to children (ranging from the traditional shop, a source of pleasure and creator of social ties, to the hypermarket/megastore, a symbol of stress and overconsumption) and the wealth of information that is given to children to help them assimilate the process of a shopping transaction. Originality/value The originality and richness of …