Search results for "Plume"
showing 10 items of 208 documents
Percorsi ascensionali e viaggi fra i luoghi della ‘memoria’. Una lettura di "Guida per salire al monte" di Lucio Piccolo.
2019
L’articolo è incentrato sul valore che il tema del viaggio riveste nella poesia di Lucio Piccolo e sulla specifica declinazione che, in riferimento alla relazione con il paesaggio e alla percezione della natura, animale e vegetale, esso assume nell’opera dell’autore. L’indagine prende le mosse dalla lettura di "Guida per salire al monte", componimento d’apertura di "Plumelia", la terza raccolta piccoliana pubblicata nel 1967 (L. Piccolo, "Plumelia", All’insegna del Pesce d’Oro, Milano 1967). La poesia, attraverso il ritmo narrativo largo del poema in versi liberi e le dettagliate descrizioni del paesaggio, ricompone i piani sfaccettati di una geografia memoriale e illustra, secondo le modal…
2017
Abstract. Remote sensing of the gaseous composition of non-eruptive, passively degassing volcanic plumes can be a tool to gain insight into volcano interior processes. Here, we report on a field study in September 2015 that demonstrates the feasibility of remotely measuring the volcanic enhancements of carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen fluoride (HF), hydrogen chloride (HCl), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and bromine monoxide (BrO) in the downwind plume of Mt. Etna using portable and rugged spectroscopic instrumentation. To this end, we operated the Fourier transform spectrometer EM27/SUN for the shortwave-infrared (SWIR) spectral range together with a co-mounted UV spectrometer on a mobile platform in…
A multi-purpose, multi-rotor drone system for long-range and high-altitude volcanic gas plume measurements
2021
A multi-rotor drone has been adapted for studies of volcanic gas plumes. This adaptation includes improved capacity for high-altitude and long-range, real-time SO2 concentration monitoring, long-range manual control, remotely activated bag sampling and plume speed measurement capability. The drone is capable of acting as a stable platform for various instrument configurations, including multi-component gas analysis system (MultiGAS) instruments for in situ measurements of SO2, H2S, and CO2 concentrations in the gas plume and portable differential optical absorption spectrometer (MobileDOAS) instruments for spectroscopic measurement of total SO2 emission rate, remotely controlled gas samplin…
Total volatile flux from Mount Etna
2008
[1] The Total Volatile (TV) flux from Mount Etna volcano has been characterised for the first time, by summing the simultaneously-evaluated fluxes of the three main volcanogenic volatiles: H2O, CO2 and SO2. SO2 flux was determined by routine DOAS traverse measurements, while H2O and CO2 were evaluated by scaling MultiGAS-sensed H2O/SO2 and CO2/SO2 plume ratios to the UV-sensed SO2 flux. The time-averaged TV flux from Etna is evaluated at ∼21,000 t·day−1, with a large fraction accounted for by H2O (∼13,000 t·day−1). H2O dominates (≥70%) the volatile budget during syn-eruptive degassing, while CO2 and H2O contribute equally to the TV flux during passive degassing. The CO2 flux was observed to…
Unmanned aerial vehicle measurements of volcanic carbon dioxide fluxes
2008
[i] We report the first measurements of volcanic gases with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The data were collected at La Fossa crater, Vulcano, Italy, during April 2007, with a helicopter UAV of 3 kg payload, carrying an ultraviolet spectrometer for remotely sensing the SO 2 flux (8.5 Mg d- 1 ), and an infrared spectrometer, and electrochemical sensor assembly for measuring the plume CO 2 /SO 2 ratio; by multiplying these data we compute a CO 2 flux of 170 Mg d -1 . Given the deeper exsolution of carbon dioxide from magma, and its lower solubility in hydro-thermal systems, relative to SO 2 , the ability to remotely measure CO 2 fluxes is significant, with promise to provide more profound…
First multi-GAS based characterisation of the Boiling Lake volcanic gas (Dominica, Lesser Antilles)
2013
We used a Multi-component Gas Analyser System (Multi-GAS) to measure, for the very first time, the composition (H2O, CO2, H2S, SO2) of the volcanic gas plume issuing from the Boiling Lake, a vigorously degassing, hot (T ~ 80-90°C) volcanic lake in Dominica, West Indies. The Multi-GAS captured in-plume concentrations of H2O, CO2 and H2S were well above those typical of ambient atmosphere, while no volcanic SO2 was detected (<0.05 ppm). These were used to derive the Boiling Lake plume characteristic ratios of CO2/H2S (5.2±0.4) and H2O/CO2 (31.4±6). Assuming that other volcanic gas species (e.g., HCl, CO, H2, N2, etc.) are absent in the plume, we recalculated a (air-free) composition fo…
«Nel profondo del tempo e dei tramonti». Tra le carte di Lucio Piccolo: nuclei ideativi e processi compositivi di Plumelia
2022
Il volume circoscrivere l’oggetto della sua indagine alla terza raccolta di Lucio Piccolo, Plumelia, pubblicata nel 1967. L'analisi condotta permette di seguire il configurarsi di alcuni degli aspetti più originali della poetica piccoliana facendo convergere a più livelli critica filologica, filologia digitale, genesi ed ermeneutica testuale. Ad essere adottata è non solo una prospettiva sincronica, – indispensabile per l’esame di un’opera edita – ma anche diacronica – volta a sondare le fasi della sua realizzazione. Il volume è arricchito dalla preziosa estensione dell’edizione critica digitale di Plumelia, realizzata e curata dalla studiosa e che offre l’inedita possibilità di accedere al…
BVLOS UAS Operations in Highly-Turbulent Volcanic Plumes.
2020
Long-range, high-altitude Unoccupied Aerial System (UAS) operations now enable in-situ measurements of volcanic gas chemistry at globally-significant active volcanoes. However, the extreme environments encountered within volcanic plumes present significant challenges for both air frame development and in-flight control. As part of a multi-disciplinary field deployment in May 2019, we flew fixed wing UAS Beyond Visual Line of Sight (BVLOS) over Manam volcano, Papua New Guinea, to measure real-time gas concentrations within the volcanic plume. By integrating aerial gas measurements with ground- and satellite-based sensors, our aim was to collect data that would constrain the emission rate of …
Quantification of the depletion of ozone in the plume of Mount Etna
2015
Volcanoes are an important source of inorganic halogen species into the atmosphere. Chemical processing of these species generates oxidised, highly reactive, halogen species which catalyse considerable O3 destruction within volcanic plumes. A campaign of ground-based in situ O3, SO2 and meteorology measurements was undertaken at the summit of Mount Etna volcano in July/August 2012. At the same time, spectroscopic measurements were made of BrO and SO2 columns in the plume downwind. Depletions of ozone were seen at all in-plume measurement locations, with average O3 depletions ranging from 11–35 nmol mol−1 (15–45%). Atmospheric processing times of the plume were estimated to be between 1 and …
Volcanic Gas Emissions Along the Colombian Arc Segment of the Northern Volcanic Zone (CAS-NVZ): Implications for volcano monitoring and volatile budg…
2019
Studying spatial and temporal trends in volcanic gas compositions and fluxes is crucial both to volcano monitoring and to constrain the origin and recycling efficiency of volatiles at active convergent margins. New volcanic gas compositions and volatile fluxes are here reported for Nevado del Ruiz, Galeras, and Purace, three of the most persistently degassing volcanoes located in the Colombian Arc Segment of the Northern Volcanic Zone. At Nevado del Ruiz, from 2014 to 2017, plume emissions showed an average molar CO2/S-T ratio of 3.9 +/- 1.6 (S-T is total sulfur, S). Contemporary, fumarolic chemistry at Galeras progressively shifted toward low-temperature, S-depleted fumarolic gas discharge…