Search results for "Pluton"

showing 10 items of 80 documents

Trace analysis of plutonium in environmental samples by resonance ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS)

1998

Resonance ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS) is well suited for trace analysis of long-lived radioisotopes in environmental, biological and technical samples. By multiple resonant laser excitation and ionization of the elemental atoms under investigation, an extremely high element selectivity can be achieved. In addition, isotope selectivity is obtained by subsequent mass analysis. The excellent sensitivity results from the large atomic cross-sections in the excitation–ionization process and the good detection efficiency for ions. The element selectivity of RIMS allows a simplified procedure for the chemical preparation of the samples compared to the requirements of thin sources for α-spec…

Detection limitIsotopeChemistryMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMass spectrometryIonPlutoniumMechanics of MaterialsIonizationMaterials ChemistryPhysics::Atomic PhysicsTransuranium elementExcitationJournal of Alloys and Compounds
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Ultratrace analysis and isotope ratio measurements of long-lived radioisotopes by resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS).

2003

Resonance Ionization Mass Spectrometry (RIMS) is a sensitive and selective method for ultratrace analysis of long-lived radioisotopes and isotope ratio measurements. It provides extremely high isobaric suppression and good overall efficiency. The experimental limits of detection are as low as 10(6) atoms per sample and isotopic selectivities of 5x10(12) have been obtained. The widespread potential of RIMS, using different experimental arrangements, is demonstrated for the determination of the radiotoxic isotopes Pu-238 to Pu-244 and Sr-89/Sr-90 in various environmental samples as well as for Ca-41 in nuclear reactor components and biomedical samples.

Detection limitIsotopeChemistryRadiochemistryAnalytical chemistryIsobaric processPlutonium-244Thermal ionization mass spectrometryMass spectrometryBiochemistryStrontium-90Analytical ChemistryPlutonium-238Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
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Resonance ionization mass spectrometry for ultratrace analysis of plutonium with a new solid state laser system

2004

Abstract Resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) is well-suited for isotope selective ultratrace analysis of long-lived radioactive isotopes due to its high element and isotope selectivity and good sensitivity. For the analysis of plutonium with a pulsed RIMS apparatus, a powerful, reliable and easy to handle Nd:YAG pumped titanium–sapphire laser system has been developed and combined with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Spectroscopic measurements led to an efficient three step excitation and ionization scheme for plutonium with λ1 = 420.76 nm, λ2 = 847.28 nm, and λ3 = 767.53 nm. The isotope shifts in this scheme for the plutonium isotopes 238 Pu through 244 Pu have been determine…

Detection limitIsotopeChemistryRadiochemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementThermal ionization mass spectrometryCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserMass spectrometrylaw.inventionPlutoniumSolid-state laserlawIonizationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInstrumentationSpectroscopyInternational Journal of Mass Spectrometry
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Isotope selective ultratrace analysis of plutonium by resonance ionisation mass spectrometry

2006

Abstract Resonance ionisation mass spectrometry (RIMS) is a sensitive and selective method for isotopically resolved ultratrace analysis of long-lived radionuclides. For the routine analysis of plutonium three titanium–sapphire lasers pumped by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser in combination with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer are used. The detection limit of this system is as low as 106–107 atoms for the plutonium isotopes 238Pu to 244Pu. The RIMS technique was applied to investigate the isotopic composition and the content of plutonium in a depleted uranium penetrator as used during the Balkan conflict delivering important information on the origin of the depleted uranium in this type of ammunit…

Detection limitRadionuclideIsotopeRadiochemistryAnalytical chemistryResonancechemistry.chemical_elementMass spectrometryPlutoniumIsotope separationlaw.inventionchemistrylawDepleted uranium
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Geochemistry, tectonic setting and geodynamic significance of late orogenic dikes in the Melibocus Massif, Bergsträsser Odenwald

2001

The Melibocus Massif forms a tonalite pluton in the W’ Bergstrasser Odenwald, which is interpreted as part of a magmatic arc of Devonian to Carboniferous age. Dikes of various compositions intrude frequently this tonalite. Different dike-lithologies are associated with different strike directions. Most dikes show evidence of high-temperature shearing. A probable maximum paleostress direction of ca. 060° can be estimated, i.e. nearly parallel to the known Variscan subduction zone in the Northwest. Due to their ductile deformation under conditions around the Ar-closing temperature of amphibole, intrusion likely occurred during the Carboniferous (Mississippian). The gabbroic to dioritic dikes …

Dikegeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryPlutonGeochemistryTranstensionMassifTranspressionGeophysicsGeochemistry and PetrologyBack-arc basinMagmaMagmatismPetrologyGeologyMineralogy and Petrology
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Laser resonant ionization of plutonium

1985

Resonance ionization mass spectrometry (RIMS) has been tested for the isotope-selective determination of trace amounts of plutonium. An atomic beam is formed by evaporating plutonium atoms from a rhenium-filament heated to 1800 °C. The radiation of a pulsed dye laser excites the atoms in a two-photon process (λ=595.2 nm) followed by photoionization of the excited atoms. Mass selectivity is obtained by use of a time-of-flight spectrometer. A resonant signal of239Pu was measured with 1013 atoms deposited on the filament.

Dye laserMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)SpectrometerGeneral EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyResonancechemistry.chemical_elementPhotoionizationLaserMass spectrometrylaw.inventionPlutoniumchemistrylawIonizationPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsApplied Physics B Photophysics and Laser Chemistry
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New measurement of the 242Pu(n,γ) cross section at n_TOF

2016

The use of MOX fuel (mixed-oxide fuel made of UO2 and PuO2 ) in nuclear reactors allows substituting a large fraction of the enriched Uranium by Plutonium reprocessed from spent fuel. With the use of such new fuel composition rich in Pu, a better knowledge of the capture and fission cross sections of the Pu isotopes becomes very important. In particular, a new series of cross section evaluations have been recently carried out jointly by the European (JEFF) and United States (ENDF) nuclear data agencies. For the case of 242 Pu, the two only neutron capture time-of-flight measurements available, from 1973 and 1976, are not consistent with each other, which calls for a new time-of flight captu…

EngineeringIsotopes of uranium010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryNuclear engineeringPhysicsQC1-9997. Clean energy01 natural sciencesEngineering physicsSpent nuclear fuelNeutron temperatureNeutron capture0103 physical sciencesPlutonium-242Neutron cross sectionUranium-235010306 general physicsbusinessMOX fuelEPJ Web of Conferences
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On shearing, magmatism and regional deformation in Neoarchean granite-greenstone systems: Insights from the Yilgarn Craton

2014

Abstract The structure of the Neoarchean Yilgarn Craton is dominated by craton-scale high-strain zones, mostly associated with highly-deformed elongate granitic bodies and transposed greenstone belts. These shear zones developed during widespread and prolonged magmatic activity that led to a nearly complete reworking of the felsic continental crust. The spatial, temporal and genetic relationships between such a voluminous and protracted event of crustal reworking and the development of the craton-scale shear zone network are unclear. Here, we combine new structural, geophysical and geochemical data to investigate the relationship between crustal-scale shear zones and large syntectonic pluto…

FelsicBatholithPlutonContinental crustMetamorphic rockArcheanGeochemistryGeologyShear zoneYilgarn CratonPetrologyGeologyJournal of Structural Geology
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Carboniferous high-potassium I-type granitoid magmatism in the Eastern Pontides: The Gümüşhane pluton (NE Turkey)

2010

The Gumushane pluton, a high-K calc-alkaline I-type granodionte/granite complex, forms an important component of the pre-Liassic basement of the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey) In its eastern part, the pluton shows a compositional zonation ranging from biotite-hornblende granodiorite in the NW through biotite-hornblende granite to leucogranite/granophyre in the SE Numerous mafic microgranular enclaves (up to similar to 40 cm in diameter) suggest the former presence of globules of mafic melt during crystallization Emplacement of the pluton occurred during the latest Early Carboniferous, as shown by the 320 +/- 4 Ma Ar-40-Ar-39 bionte/homblende and 324 +/- 6 Ma LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages. In Har…

Fractional crystallization (geology)FelsicPlutonGeochemistryGeologyengineering.materialLeucograniteGeochemistry and PetrologyengineeringMaficGeologyAmphiboleZirconHornblendeLithos
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530Ma syntectonic syenites and granites in NW Namibia — Their relation with collision along the junction of the Damara and Kaoko belts

2012

Abstract The Lower Ugab and Goantagab structural domains are located at the junction between the N–S trending Kaoko and the E–W trending Damara belts (NW Namibia), where Neoproterozoic metavolcano-sedimentary sequences were intruded by several syenitic/granitic plutons. We present here new U–Pb ages on zircon grains from the Voetspoor and Doros plutons. Together with petrological, geochemical and structural data we evaluate the timing of the deformation and relation to the geodynamics during the final stage of Gondwana amalgamation. The plutons are composed of three main rock types: hornblende quartz-syenite, syenodiorite and biotite granite. The two former are predominant and show genetic …

GreenschistMetamorphic rockPlutonGeochemistryengineeringMetamorphismQuartz monzoniteGeologyengineering.materialGeologyTranspressionZirconHornblendeGondwana Research
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