Search results for "Poison control"
showing 10 items of 1021 documents
Lower limb muscle weakness predicts use of a multiple- versus single-step strategy to recover from forward loss of balance in older adults.
2012
BACKGROUND: Older adults compared with young adults have reduced strength and balance recovery ability. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether age, sex, and/or lower limb strength predicted the stepping strategy used to recover from a forward loss of balance. METHODS: Ninety-five, community-dwelling, older adults, aged 65-90 years, participated in the study. Loss of balance was induced by releasing participants from a static forward lean. Participants performed four trials at three initial lean magnitudes and were subsequently classified as using a single- or multiple-step strategy. Isometric strength of the ankle, knee, and hip joint flexors and extensors was assessed …
Effect of caffeine on simulator flight performance in sleep-deprived military pilot students.
2007
Caffeine has been suggested to act as a countermeasure against fatigue in military operations. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the effect of caffeine on simulator flight performance was examined in 13 military pilots during 37 hours of sleep deprivation. Each subject performed a flight mission in simulator four times. The subjects received either a placebo (six subjects) or 200 mg of caffeine (seven subjects) 1 hour before the simulated flights. A moderate 200 mg intake of caffeine was associated with higher axillary temperatures, but it did not affect subjectively assessed sleepiness. Flight performance was similar in both groups during the four rounds flown und…
Alcohol Consumption in HealthyOPRM1G Allele Carriers and Its Association with Impulsive Behavior
2015
AIMS: A link between alcohol use disorders (AUD) and impulsivity is well established. As there is evidence for the heritability of AUD, the investigation of the underlying genetic disposition for both conditions is an important issue. An association between AUD and a coding single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs1799971 encoding an Asn40Asp amino acid substitution, A118G) within the µ-opioid receptor 1 gene (OPRM1) has been reported. Therefore we tested the association between the OPRM1 A118G polymorphism and drinking as well as impulsive behavior in social drinkers. METHODS: A total of 214 healthy male social drinkers were recruited. Each participant was genotyped for the OPRM1 A118G vari…
Dependence of motion sickness in automobiles on the direction of linear acceleration.
1982
Thirty-eight normal volunteers were tested in an ambulance car while being accelerated in one of the following positions: (1) sitting upright facing forward in the car, (2) lying supine on a stretcher head forward, (3) supine position head backward. Consecutive short periods of negative horizontal acceleration (0.7–0.95 g) were achieved by brisk braking manoeuvres of the car, followed by weak reacceleration (0.15 g). Motion sickness symptoms were observed and recorded after each experiment using a special motion sickness scaling index which was weighted according to the strength of any particular symptom. The results indicate that horizontal linear acceleration in a car, such as experienced…
Differences in hand and foot psychomotor speed among 18 pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for lifelong vehicular driving.
1997
The purpose of this study was to examine driving as a determinant of hand and foot psychomotor reaction times. Visual simple and choice hand and foot psychomotor reaction times were measured. The occupational driving contrast was determined by an interview reviewing every job held during each subject's lifetime. Comparison was made of psychomotor speed among 18 pairs of 39- to 62-year-old monozygotic male twins discordant for lifelong occupational driving. The mean discordance was the equivalent of 16 years of full-time driving. The twins who drove more tended to have slower hand simple and choice reaction times, although only the difference in hand-choice decision time was statistically si…
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo following whiplash injury: a myth or a reality?
2011
Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the true incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) arising after whiplash injury and to distinguish this type of posttraumatic vertigo from other types of dizziness complained after trauma. Methods This was a retrospective study comprising patients referred to our center after whiplash injury. The patients were evaluated with neurotologic examination including bedside and instrumental tests. A Dizziness Handicap Inventory evaluating the symptoms of patients was submitted before and after treatment and was evaluated. The BPPV patients were separately evaluated from those with cervicogenic vertigo…
Lifetime cocaine use is a potential predictor for conversion from major depressive disorder to bipolar disorder: A prospective study.
2020
Aim We aimed to identify whether lifetime cocaine use is a risk factor for conversion from major depressive disorder (MDD) to bipolar disorder (BD) in an outpatient sample of adults. Methods This prospective cohort study included 585 subjects aged 18 to 60 years who had been diagnosed with MDD as assessed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-Plus) at baseline (2012-2015). Subjects were reassessed a mean of 3 years later (2017-2018) for potential conversion to BD as assessed by the MINI-Plus. Lifetime cocaine use was assessed using the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Results In the second wave, we had 117 (20%) losses, and 468 patients were r…
Recurrent brief depression in general practice. Clinical features, comorbidity with other disorders, and need for treatment.
1994
This study tested the clinical validity of the new diagnostic entity "recurrent brief depression" (RBD) in 300 general practice patients who participated in the WHO study on "Psychological Problems in Primary Care." Patients with current RBD reported of episodes major depression more often than did a comparison group of nondepressed general practice patients: however, the majority of RBD patients had not received a diagnostic of any well-established affective disorder during the last 12 months. RBD patients (without MDE) did not suffer more frequently from dysthymia, from nonaffective psychiatric disorders, or from somatic disorders. However, RBD was associated with a higher percentage of p…
Nonlinear analysis of sleep eeg in depression: Calculation of the largest lyapunov exponent
1995
Conventional sleep analysis according to Rechtschaffen and Kales (1968) has provided meaningful contributions to the understanding of disturbed sleep architecture in depression. However, there is no characteristic alteration of the sleep cycle, which could serve as a highly specific feature for depressive illness. Therefore, we started to investigate nonlinear properties of sleep electroencephalographic (EEG) data in order to elucidate functional alterations other than those obtained from classical sleep analysis. The application of methods from nonlinear dynamical system theory to EEG data has led to the assumption that the EEG can be treated as a deterministic chaotic process. Chaotic sys…
Effects of competition and its outcome on serum testosterone, cortisol and prolactin.
1999
In various species, competitive encounters influence hormonal responses in a different way depending on their outcome, victory or defeat. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sports competition and its outcome on hormonal response, comparing it with those displayed in situations involving non-effort and non-competitive effort. To this end, serum testosterone (T), cortisol (C) and prolactin (PRL) were measured in 26 judoists who participated in three sessions (control, judo fight and ergometry). The relationship between hormonal changes and psychological variables before and after the fight were also analysed. Our results showed a hormonal response to competition, which was especia…