Search results for "Polarization"

showing 10 items of 1884 documents

POLARIZATION-BASED CAR DETECTION

2018

International audience; Road scene understanding is a vital task for driving assistance systems. Robust vehicle detection is a precondition for diverse applications particularly for obstacle avoidance and secure navigation. Color images provide limited information about the physical properties of the object. This results in unstable vehicle detection caused mainly from road scene complexity (strong reflexions, noises and radiometric distortions). Instead, polarimetric images, characteristic of the light wave, can robustly describe important physical properties of the object (e.g., the surface geometric structure, material and roughness etc). This modality gives rich physical informations wh…

Computer scienceFeature extractionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONFeature selection02 engineering and technologySurface finish01 natural sciencesroad scenes010309 optics[INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]feature selectionRobustness (computer science)0103 physical sciencesObstacle avoidance0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringComputer visionpolarizationColor imagebusiness.industryDetector[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Polarization (waves)Car detection020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusinessDPM
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Robustness of 40 Gb/s ASK modulation formats in the practical system infrastructure.

2006

In this work, we analyzed by means of numerical and laboratory experiments the resilience of 40 Gb/s amplitude shift keying modulation formats to transmission impairments in standard single-mode fiber lines as well as to optical filtering introduced by the optical add/drop multiplexer cascade. Our study is a pre-requisite to assess the implementation of cost-effective 40 Gb/s modulation technology in next generation high bit-rate robust optical transport networks. © 2006 Optical Society of America.

Computer scienceOptical communication02 engineering and technologyOptical modulation amplitude01 natural sciencesMultiplexerMultiplexing010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsOptical Transport Network0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringcost effectiveness; frequency shift keying; multiplexingFiberOptical add-drop multiplexerbusiness.industryOptical cross-connectNonlinear opticsOptical performance monitoringAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAmplitude-shift keyingRaman amplifiersModulationPolarization mode dispersionBit error ratebusinessOptics express
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Multi-level optimization of a fiber transmission system via nonlinearity management

2006

Nonlinearity management is explored as a complete tool to obtain maximum transmission reach in a WDM fiber transmission system, making it possible to optimize multiple system parameters, including optimal dispersion pre-compensation, with fast simulations based on the continuous-wave approximation. © 2006 Optical Society of America.

Computer sciencePhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesGraded-index fiber[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsWavelength-division multiplexing0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFiber optic splitterDispersion-shifted fiberSpontaneous emissionPlastic optical fiber[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Mode volumecomputer simulation; nonlinear control systems; optimizationbusiness.industryComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSSingle-mode optical fiberNonlinear opticsTransmission systemAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFiber-optic communication[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Raman amplifiersTransmission (telecommunications)Fiber optic sensorbusiness
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Bio-Inspired Polarization Vision Techniques for Robotics Applications

2015

Researchers have been inspired by nature to build the next generation of smart robots. Based on the mechanisms adopted by the animal kingdom, research teams have developed solutions to common problems that autonomous robots faced while performing basic tasks. Polarization-based behaviour is one of the most distinctive features of some species of the animal kingdom. Light polarization parameters significantly expand visual capabilities of autonomous robots. Polarization vision can be used for most tasks of color vision, like object recognition, contrast enhancement, camouflage breaking, and signal detection and discrimination. In this chapter, the authors briefly cover polarization-based vis…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONComputer visionRoboticsArtificial intelligencePolarization (waves)business
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Helical magnetic structure and the anomalous and topological Hall effects in epitaxial B20 Fe$_{1-y}$Co$_y$Ge films

2018

Epitaxial films of the B20-structure compound Fe1−yCoyGe were grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si (111) substrates. The magnetization varied smoothly from the bulklike values of one Bohr magneton per Fe atom for FeGe to zero for nonmagnetic CoGe. The chiral lattice structure leads to a Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), and the films' helical magnetic ground state was confirmed using polarized neutron reflectometry measurements. The pitch of the spin helix, measured by this method, varies with Co content y and diverges at y∼0.45. This indicates a zero crossing of the DMI, which we reproduced in calculations using first-principles methods. We also measured the longitudinal and Hall r…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceMagnetic structureSpin polarizationMagnetoresistanceMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTopology01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldBohr magnetonMagnetizationsymbols.namesakeElectrical resistivity and conductivity0103 physical sciencessymbolsddc:530010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyGround state
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Ab initio DFT+U study of He atom incorporation into UO(2) crystals.

2009

We present and discuss results of a density functional theory (DFT) study of a perfect UO2 crystals and He atoms in octahedral interstitial positions. We have calculated basic bulk crystal properties and He incorporation energies into the low temperature anti-ferromagnetic UO2 phase using several exchange-correlation functionals within the spin-polarized local density (LDA) and generalized gradient (GGA) approximations. In all these DFT calculations we included the on-site correlation corrections using the Hubbard model (DFT+U approach). We analysed a potential crystalline symmetry reduction and confirmed the presence of the Jahn-Teller effect in a perfect UO2. We discuss also the problem o…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceSpin polarizationHubbard modelAb initioMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyMolecular physicsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceTetragonal crystal systemAtomPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersSupercell (crystal)AntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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Slater-Pauling Rule and Curie-Temperature of Co$_2$-based Heusler compounds

2005

A concept is presented serving to guide in the search for new materials with high spin polarization. It is shown that the magnetic moment of half-metallic ferromagnets can be calculated from the generalized Slater-Pauling rule. Further, it was found empirically that the Curie temperature of Co$_2$ based Heusler compounds can be estimated from a seemingly linear dependence on the magnetic moment. As a successful application of these simple rules, it was found that Co$_2$FeSi is, actually, the half-metallic ferromagnet exhibiting the highest magnetic moment and the highest Curie temperature measured for a Heusler compound.

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceSpin polarizationMagnetic momentCondensed matter physicsMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNew materialsengineering.materialHeusler compoundCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceFerromagnetismSimple (abstract algebra)engineeringCurie temperatureCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
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Direct method for calculating temperature-dependent transport properties

2015

We show how temperature-induced disorder can be combined in a direct way with first-principles scattering theory to study diffusive transport in real materials. Excellent (good) agreement with experiment is found for the resistivity of Cu, Pd, Pt (and Fe) when lattice (and spin) disorder are calculated from first principles. For Fe, the agreement with experiment is limited by how well the magnetization (of itinerant ferromagnets) can be calculated as a function of temperature. By introducing a simple Debye-like model of spin disorder parameterized to reproduce the experimental magnetization, the temperature dependence of the average resistivity, the anisotropic magnetoresistance and the spi…

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceSpin polarizationMagnetoresistanceCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsDirect methodMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAdiabatic theoremMagnetizationFerromagnetismElectrical resistivity and conductivityMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Scattering theory
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Application of elastostatic Green function tensor technique to electrostriction in cubic, hexagonal and orthorhombic crystals

2002

The elastostatic Green function tensor approach, which was recently used to treat electrostriction in numerical simulation of domain structure formation in cubic ferroelectrics, is reviewed and extended to the crystals of hexagonal and orthorhombic symmetry. The tensorial kernels appearing in the expressions for effective nonlocal interaction of electrostrictive origin are derived explicitly and their physical meaning is illustrated on simple examples. It is argued that the bilinear coupling between the polarization gradients and elastic strain should be systematically included in the Ginzburg-Landau free energy expansion of electrostrictive materials.

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceStructure formationComputer simulationElectrostrictionCondensed matter physicsHexagonal crystal systemMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesBilinear interpolationCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceGeneral Materials ScienceOrthorhombic crystal systemOrthorhombic symmetryJournal of Physics: Condensed Matter
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Manifestation of dipole-induced disorder in self-assembly of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic nanocubes

2019

The authors thank Marjeta Maˇcek Kržmanc for many useful discussions. The financial support of M-ERA.NET Project Har-vEnPiez (Innovative nano-materials and architectures for integrated piezoelectric energy harvesting applications) is gratefully acknowledged. D.Z. acknowledges the support of the postdoctoral research program at the University of Latvia (Project No. 1.1.1.2/VIAA/1/16/072). The computing time of the LASC cluster was provided by the Institute of Solid State Physics (ISSP).

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceSuperlatticeMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesFerroelectricity0104 chemical sciencesDipoleNanocrystalFerromagnetismChemical physics:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]General Materials ScienceSelf-assembly0210 nano-technologyPolarization (electrochemistry)Perovskite (structure)
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