Search results for "Policy"
showing 10 items of 4513 documents
"It's like being stuck on an unsafe and unpredictable rollercoaster": Experiencing substance use problems in a partner.
2020
Living with a partner with substance abuse problems may induce strains in an individual’s everyday life, including poor health, disrupted family life, and social isolation; this may lead to dropping out of education or work, a lack of safety and support, and facing various dilemmas and stigma.Aim:The purpose of this study was to explore these partners’ everyday life experiences, including their parental roles.Method:A qualitative design comprising qualitative interviews with ten partners and ex-partners was performed, and a thematic analysis was used.Results:The findings demonstrated that sharing their lives, including parenthood, with a partner with substance use problems affected every as…
Ambient carbon monoxide and daily mortality:a global time-series study in 337 cities
2021
Background Epidemiological evidence on short-term association between ambient carbon monoxide (CO) and mortality is inconclusive and limited to single cities, regions, or countries. Generalisation of results from previous studies is hindered by potential publication bias and different modelling approaches. We therefore assessed the association between short-term exposure to ambient CO and daily mortality in a multicity, multicountry setting. Methods We collected daily data on air pollution, meteorology, and total mortality from 337 cities in 18 countries or regions, covering various periods from 1979 to 2016. All included cities had at least 2 years of both CO and mortality data. We estimat…
Indicators of an Integrated Home Care Model Shaped by the Needs of Patients Discharged from the Emergency Department
2020
Introduction: Developing community care models aims to satisfy the needs of patients’ in-home care comprehensively. This is crucial to decrease adverse events and prevent rehospitalization. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 emergency department patients (EDPs) and 200 general practice patients (GPPs). The modified version of the Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule (CANSAS), the Health Behavior Inventory (HBI), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (PSQ), and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLCS) were used. Results: The study indicated the higher level of unmet needs in EDPs than in th…
Health care delivery for minor migrants and refugees in EU: gaps in the knowledge and expertise of health care providers
2021
Introduction Childhood care by its nature requires the integration of nurturing and protective services [1]. Furthermore, a lack of appropriate resources tackling the specific needs of migrants and refugees has put pressure on health care services [2]. In this regard, the European project EUVETCARE qualitatively explores how to strengthen care delivery for child migrants and refugees. Methods Between April and May of 2019, a total of 99 professionals involved in the health and social care delivery for migrant minors as well as policy-makers participated in fifteen focus groups were carried out in 5 EU countries (Greece, Italy, Spain, Cyprus and Germany). FGDs were transcribed verbatim in lo…
Trasplante de córnea: aspectos bioéticos
2019
Resumen: Este trabajo aborda los aspectos bioéticos del trasplante de córnea, desde la donación y los tipos de la misma, incluyendo el comercio de órganos y tejidos, así como la metodología del trasplante y el uso de tratamientos inmunosupresores, además del consentimiento informado y la participación del paciente en las decisiones. Se analizan las técnicas actuales, la efectividad y las circunstancias en las que se puede aplicar cada una de ellas así como los estudios emergentes basados en la terapia celular. Algunos de los estudios emplean células troncales derivadas de embriones humanos, y otras de tejidos adultos y células troncales pluripotentes inducidas (iPS). Se propone un análisis …
How reproductive and regenerative medicine meet in a Chinese fertility clinic. Interviews with women about the donation of embryos to stem cell resea…
2010
The social interface between reproductive medicine and embryonic stem cell research has been investigated in a pilot study at a large IVF clinic in central China. Methods included observation, interviews with hospital personnel, and five in-depth qualitative interviews with women who underwent IVF and who were asked for their consent to the donation of embryos for use in medical (in fact human embryonic stem cell) research. This paper reports, and discusses from an ethical perspective, the results of an analysis of these interviews. The participants talked of extreme social pressure to become pregnant. Once they had a baby, 'spare' embryos lost practical significance due to the Chinese one-…
Randomised clinical trials: a source of ethical dilemmas
2001
Clinical trials give rise to ethical dilemmas, especially in the acutely ill, but we take issue with two points raised in a recent comment on a specific acute myocardial infarction (AMI) trial. The commentators judged that the trial most likely could, and therefore should, have been terminated much earlier. By analysing the problem statistically we arrive at results that go against their intuitive judgment—they also see it as mandatory to update the patient Information sheet as trial results accrue and trends begin to emerge. In our view, interpreting subtle trends and borderline p-values must rest with data monitoring boards, not patients. Moreover, patients with AMI or in other medical em…
Rationing in a Pandemic: Lessons from Italy.
2020
In late February and early March 2020, Italy became the European epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite increasingly stringent containment measures enforced by the government, the health system faced an enormous pressure, and extraordinary efforts were made in order to increase overall hospital beds’ availability and especially ICU capacity. Nevertheless, the hardest-hit hospitals in Northern Italy experienced a shortage of ICU beds and resources that led to hard allocating choices. At the beginning of March 2020, the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care (SIAARTI) issued recommendations aimed at supporting physicians in prioritizing patients when …
Can bureaucrats order public health? The case of Norway
2013
Introduction: The implementation of a new structural reform, the Coordination Reform, prioritizing a new public health agenda, was initiated to develop a more decentralized, integrated health care system in Norway in 2012. The same year, new health legislation was implemented and due to the new Public Health Act the responsibility for implementing a new public health agenda was decentralized to the local level. Historically, due to lack of funding – these issues have got low priority among local authorities. The new public health legislation reflects a shift in policy focus from treatment to illness prevention – where planning and partnership among primary end specialist health care, as wel…
Determinants of health policy impact: comparative results of a European policymaker study.
2003
This article will use a new theoretical framework for the analysis of health policy impact introduced by Rütten et al. (2003). In particular, it will report on a comparative European study of policymakers' perception and evaluation of specific determinants of the policy impact, both in terms of output (implemented measures) and outcome (health behaviour change). Policy determinants investigated are goals, resources, obligations and opportunities as related to the policymaking process.Theory is applied to a comparative analysis of prevention and health promotion policy in Belgium, Finland, Germany. The Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland. The study is MED2-part of a project that has developed…