Search results for "Policy"
showing 10 items of 4513 documents
University Autonomy, Agenda Setting and the Construction of Agency : the case of the European University Association in the European Higher Education…
2014
This article analyses the ways in which a policy actor constructs its agency through the production of knowledge. Taking the example of the concept of ‘autonomy’ as constructed in the discourse of the European University Association (EUA), the article draws on the theory of discursive framing and agenda setting, as well as on Meyer and Jepperson's heuristic of agentic actors, to show how the practice of knowledge production can shape the European higher education policy. The article offers a contribution to the debate aiming to develop a more critical perspective on the development of the European Higher Education Area, which sees the process as constituted through the activities of, and t…
The relationship between context, structure, and processes with outcomes of 6 regional diabetes networks in Europe
2018
BackgroundWhile health service provisioning for the chronic condition Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) often involves a network of organisations and professionals, most evidence on the relationships between the structures and processes of service provisioning and the outcomes considers single organisations or solo practitioners. Extending Donabedian's Structure-Process-Outcome (SPO) model, we investigate how differences in quality of life, effective coverage of diabetes, and service satisfaction are associated with differences in the structures, processes, and context of T2D services in six regions in Finland, Germany, Greece, Netherlands, Spain, and UK.MethodsData collection consisted of: a) systemat…
Institutional Autonomy and Academic Freedom in the Nordic Context — Similarities and Differences
2013
Owing to their common history, similarities in language and culture, long traditions in political collaboration and the shared Nordic societal model, an assumption is often made that the operational and regulatory context of universities is similar in the five Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. In this article, we examine the relationship between the Nordic higher education institutions and their specific governments. The interpretation of institutional autonomy and academic freedom in the Nordic countries is discussed with support from recently collected empirical data, Nordic university legislation and the topical research literature. We describe the differenc…
Making the case for policy : persuasiveness in higher education, science and technology policy discourse
2015
Policy texts present problems, propose solutions to those problems and persuade multiple audiences of the legitimacy of the proposed problems and solutions. The rhetorical analysis of two decades of higher education and science and technology discourse in Finland, Germany, UK, Portugal and USA highlights the discursive elements that contribute to persuasiveness of policy, construe it as rational and logical, and create a sense of urgency in bringing it about. I argue that the analytical and hortatory registers of policy discourse foreground competitive and hierarchical relations of countries and their higher education systems. By construing certain state of affairs and courses of action as …
A Cluster Analysis Approach to Profile Men and Women’s Volley Positions in Professional Tennis Matches (Doubles)
2021
(1) Background: Tennis ball tracking technology allows the aquirement of novel and reliable data about several performance indicators, such as volley positions. This information is key to understand match dynamics in doubles tennis and to better help preparing players for the demands they will face in match play. As such, the purpose of this study was to describe and compare the different types of volley positions in men’s and women’s doubles professional tennis. (2) Methods: Ball tracking data were collected for 46 women (Billie Jean King Cup) and 96 men’s doubles matches (Davis Cup). The variables used were the distance to the net, the distance to the centre of the court and the height of…
Health and social impact of culture
2009
Abstract This master`s thesis concentrates on health and social impacts of culture. Main concepts of the thesis are: health, culture and social capital. Purpose of the research is to find out which are the health impacts of culture, how to measure those impacts and how could the methods used in health-measurement be improved. There will be six researches analyzed in this master`s thesis. Methodology used is content analysis of the secondary data, choosen among many scientific researches on the area of health and social impacts of arts and culture. Searching was carried through in databases of the Library of the University of Jyväskylä and in database scholar google. The main focus was set i…
Fiscal policy as an instrument for reducing income inequality: case of Latvia
2020
With the help of fiscal policy, government may influence both overall demand and the disposable income of the population, as well as solve social equality challenges in the society by allocating income among different groups of population. Income inequality in Latvia, which is expressed by the Gini index of disposable income, is the third highest in the European Union, so the question about the most effective instruments for reducing income inequality is pressing. Inequality results in reduced efficiency of social capital and economic distribution, worsening of population health indicators, rising social tension, increased crime and rising poverty, which can have a negative impact on long-t…
Efficiency of Corporate Income Tax Reliefs for the Investment Promotion in Latvia
2014
Corporate income tax rate in Latvia is one of the lowest in the European Union and is favourable for business. However, the government additionally uses numerous CIT reliefs to stimulate investments, to promote specific industries and investors. Total costs of these tax reliefs are high, but many of the goals declared by their introduction are not reached, suggesting that tax relief efficiency could be questioned. The efficiency of the existing and potential CIT reliefs should be regularly evaluated. The suggested criteria for such examination are – clear objective, type of taxable rent, existence of positive externality, appropriate design and potential for tax planning, costs in revenue f…
Policy-practice gap in participation of students with disabilities in the education and training programme of Ethiopia: policy content analysis
2015
This study explores the extent to which the issue of special educational and training needs for persons with disabilities is addressed in the education and training policy of Ethiopia, with a specific focus on technical and vocational education and training (TVET). Focus group discussions and interviews were used to assess the content of the policy and related strategic documents, as well as legal frameworks and implementation instruments, in terms of the principle of inclusion. A pair of focus group discussions involved 22 members of the management and governance of four networks and eight indigenous, disability-focused, non-governmental organisations. Moreover, 14 high-profile experts fro…
The contribution of action research to policy learning: The case of Gipuzkoa Sarean
2014
Published version of an article in the journal: International Journal of Action Research. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1688/IJAR-2014-02-Karlsen This article is about a six year policy learning process named Gipuzkoa Sarean in the Basque province of Gipuzkoa. In the article we reflect on how action research contributed to policy learning. The process consists of three stages: 2009-2011: Initiation of the project and development of a work method; 2011-2013: Government learning and organisational change; 2013-2014: Social learning and the shift to a new approach to territorial development. For each stage we describe the background and main goal of the research pr…