Search results for "Polity"
showing 10 items of 577 documents
PROBLEMS OF UNIVERSITY INSTITUTIONAL GOVERNANCE IN CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
2012
The problem identified in all Europe and other countries is the following: 21th century expectations from society have enlarged the university goals, and in order to reach these goals, university needs new governance processes both at institutional and state level. Along with traditional university goals of providing higher education studies and research, there is an increase of university participation in social activities, as well as global competitiveness. Businesses insist that studies are resulted in higher education compliance with labour market, and research results’ transfer to investments of national economy. The institutional governance issues are becoming more complicated and the…
Two Decades of Change in Spanish Higher Education
1999
The 1983 Reforms The current structure of higher education was established by the 1983 University Reform Act, which greatly revised the legal framework of Spanish universities. Formerly completely controlled by the central government, universities have gained in autonomy and now depend more on regional governments. The legal reforms also democratized the internal structure of universities. Power was transferred from the state bureaucracy to university-level governing bodies, including nonacademic staff and students, that have decision-making powers in matters concerning the institution and departments and in electing the rector, deans, and department heads.
Rethinking the Finance of Post-Compulsory Education
2010
Throughout the world, the finance of education is in serious crisis. The crisis of educational finance is not limited to the problem of meeting the obligations of societies to provide some minimum amount of compulsory education for their students. This minimum does not assure the preparation of an appropriately trained labour force in a world that is increasingly technicological and in which a competitive economy requires the remplacement of traditional production processes with others based on sophisticated labour and capital. The rapid growth of post-compulsory systems of education is no longer a luxury, but a necessity for industrialization and economic development.
Obesity in the State of Mexico: Interfaces and concurrences
2014
AbstractIn Mexico, from the eighties decade, various documents were made, and in which is specified the health care of the population, including obesity, documents which have been enriched by documents recently issued yet. However, as a health problem, overweight and obesity have become major challenges, placing the country at first place in health statistics on worldwide. This situation is identified in the different zones of the country, such as in the case of the State of Mexico. The objective of this work was to understand the relationship between emission of health programs, its contents, and the performance of the participants. The present paper was documentary, retrospective, analyti…
Limits and challenges for the participation of migrants' associations in state development policies in Morocco and Mexico
2013
In many developing countries, migrants play an important role by supporting their local communities in their places of origin. An extensive literature has made visible their contribution to local development, thus revealing their involvement in the provision of social services or the construction of infrastructures. In this paper we illustrate the extent and scope of this task and the types of actions that migrants have started up in different countries of the world in general, and the cases of Morocco and Mexico in particular, to examine the achievements and limitations of both states' policies and migrants' associations in regard to their involvement in local development initiatives.
Local Government in the Baltic States: Similar but Different
2006
Abstract The administrative–territorial structure of local government in the three Baltic countries is very different. In Lithuania, administrative–territorial reorganisation was achieved quickly using command methods, by removing local governments at the municipal level, leaving local governments at county level with average population over 60,000, among the largest in Europe. In Estonia, local government exists in town and rural municipalities, but many are very small. There are administrative structures at county level, but these are part of local state administration, without elections. In Latvia, there are two levels of elected local government, but the municipalities at the lower leve…
The State of the Unions
2021
What defines an economic region and distinguishes it from other spatial concepts? This fundamental question is addressed based on the dimensions of space, borders, action and time. An overview of the landscape of African Regional Economic Communities (RECs) follows. RECs are briefly portrayed, and the bewildering multitude of RECs is demystified to create a better understanding of the pattern of economic integration in Africa. The exercise is guided by a matrix of general-purpose versus functional/sectoral as well as effectual versus ineffectual/dormant economic unions. This analysis forms the basis for a critical discussion of the African Union’s practice of only granting official recognit…
The Theory of the Flying Geese Pattern of Development and Its Interpretations
1994
An interpretation is made of Akamatsu Kaname's theory of the flying geese pattern of development, launched in Japan during the 1930s. This theory explains how an undeveloped country can become developed relatively quickly. The undeveloped country adopts suitable labour-intensive industries from more developed countries. It produces first for the home market, but starts to export as soon as the industries have grown strong enough. Initially, products are simple, crude and cheap, but gradually the level of quality is elevated. The procedure is repeated over and over again, leading to a rapid process of national economic development. In Japanese postwar industrial policy, certain industries w…
Understanding entrepreneurship development in Latvia: a cross-disciplinary approach
2011
This paper analyses economic and educational challenges on the way of understanding and formation of entrepreneurship in Latvia in its almost 20-year long post socialistic period. Along with the state support programmes for small business development, entrepreneurship as a new concept is researched integrating as well the world experience in this field. It is shown that entrepreneurship is a dynamic system of the components determined in mixed methods research. The elaborated holistic functional-structural model of entrepreneurship illustrates that entrepreneurship can be developed holistically as a system when students identify, generate and realise opportunities into new personal, social …
Descentralización política y resultados económicos. Un análisis institucional del caso español
2009
¿Cómo ha influido en el bienestar económico de los ciudadanos la nueva organización descentralizada del Estado implantada en España tras la Constitución de 1978? ¿Qué tipo de descentralización se ha llevado a cabo? ¿Existe algún riesgo derivado de esa singular estructura de gobierno multinivel? Dar respuesta a estas cuestiones es el objetivo básico del presente trabajo. Tras mostrar cómo ha influido esa nueva estructura organizativa sobre los espectaculares resultados económicos logrados y ofrecer una valoración positiva de dichas reformas, el trabajo concluye enfatizando el carácter situacional del análisis realizado y apuntando algunos desafíos a futuro. Las instituciones formales importa…