Search results for "Polity"
showing 10 items of 577 documents
Carol I of Romania - a lord/king who reigned and ruled. The formula of the dualist parliamentary regime transplanted in 1866
2019
In this paper, we intend to clarify the theoretical practices supposed by the political regime transplanted by the Romanian political elite in the constitutional moment of 1866, from the Belgian Constitution of 1831. From the perspective of such an approach, we shall observe that the fundamental law of 1866 did not design a Domn (Lord)/King placed under the dictum ‘the monarch reigns, but he does not rule’, but an active head of state, constitutionally endowed with strong levers of power. Considering the Constituent’s desire to give a reply to the authoritarian regime of A. I. Cuza, the recognized constitutional powers of the head of state, on the one hand, and the further developed politic…
From US Colony to Independent Country: The Construction of a State
2017
This chapter covers the twentieth century, when the Philippines were changed by the US colonization after a brutal war of conquest. Progress in education, medicine, urbanization and transportation was obvious, while the Americans fostered the development of a Filipino political class that was called to govern the country alongside American political ideals, as was hoped with the implementation of the Philippine Commonwealth in 1935 under president Quezon. The difficult years of the Japanese occupation gave place to an independent nation in 1946, which had to deal with the presence of US military bases during the Cold War, profound social inequalities inherited from the Spanish period, and a…
From the Reformation to the End of Swedish Rule – Laying the Foundations of a National University
2019
The history of the Swedish Kingdom is looked at from the perspective of education. The chapter begins by an analysis of the Reformation, a deep political and religious change, in the sixteenth century. During the Reformation, the church, which had been a universal community and organisation, became increasingly a part and organisation of the state. The chapter also describes the main trends of changes in education during Swedish rule, which in Finland lasted till 1809.
The State Power and the Limits of the Principle of Sovereignty: An Historical Approach
2012
This chapter explores the notion of sovereignty and the limits of state power in the framework of criminal justice. It is not an easy enterprise to counter terrorism while respecting the rule of law and guaranteeing the security of citizens to the maximum extent possible without violating their fundamental rights. Theoretically, modern constitutionalism emerged to protect citizens from political abuses of power. In practice, however, fundamental rights are not always fully respected since the state is often tempted to exercise its power beyond legal boundaries. To limit the power of the state means to limit its sovereignty. Otherwise, the abuses of power by the state become inevitable. Surp…
Francisco Murillo Ferrol y los primeros estudios de ciencia política y sociología en la Universidad de Valencia = Francisco Murillo Ferrol and the Fi…
2018
Resumen: Francisco Murillo Ferrol fue catedrático de derecho político en la Universidad de Valencia desde su acceso a la cátedra, en 1952, hasta su marcha a la Universidad de Granada en 1961. Fue el primer catedrático estable que tuvo la disciplina en Valencia desde 1932. Cuando llega, es un profesor formado en la filosofía del derecho y que había realizado algunas reflexiones sobre la teoría del Estado desde perspectivas históricas y clásicas. Sus ocho años y medio en Valencia fueron de intensa actividad: dirigió el colegio mayor “Luis Vives”; participó intensamente en la vida académica de la Facultad; impulsó un Seminario interdisciplinar de ciencias sociales centrado en la sociología y l…
The Rocky Road towards Professional Autonomy : The Estonian Journalists’ Organization in the Political Turmoil of the 20th Century
2017
This article attempts to explain the relationships between journalists, politics and the state from the perspective of collective autonomy, that of the professional organization of journalists. The case of Estonian Journalists’ Union demonstrates the complexity and historical contingency of professional autonomy of journalism. The development of the Estonian journalists’ organization occurred as a sequence of transformations from the Estonian Journalists’ Association to the Estonian Journalists’ Union to the Soviet type journalists’ union, and lastly to an independent trade union. This sequence was disrupted by several fatal breakdowns that changed not only the character of the association,…
Szukając wolności: Sprawa kapitana m/s "Batory" Jana Ćwiklińskiego
2014
After WWII the Polish ocean liner “Batory” operated on the route Gdynia–New York, and from 1951 to India. The captain of the ship was Jan Ćwikliński. The Ministry for Public Security accused him of having a hostile attitude towards the People’s Republic of Poland and insisted on him being removed from his position as Batory captain. In the spring of 1953 the ship underwent a technical check-up at a shipyard in Great Britain. In the mean-time it was rumoured that the captain was to be arrested upon his return to Poland on suspicion of espionage. When the renovation works were about to be completed, Ćwikliński decided to escape and left his ship for good. The captain was given political asylu…
La Política de la Educación social en la Europa de las desigualdades
2013
The aim of this research is to analyse some indicators which allow us to understand the current state of social education politics in Europe, with special reference to Spain. Some European and Spanish social and educational policies which try to confront the challenges of the current financial crisis are also explained. Some deficiencies, failures and contradictions attached to the process of the construction of European citizenship are pointed out. Some key topics which seem to foresee a deeper social and democratic crisis apart from the economic one are tackled. It is explained how the new forms of inequality evidence the failure of some of the important declarations of intent and objecti…
Visits to Natural Environments Improve State Body Appreciation: Evidence from Malaysia, Romania, and Spain
2020
Recent studies have reported that nature exposure is associated with more positive body image—a multifaceted construct that includes one's body-related thoughts, feelings, and behaviors—but these studies are constrained by a focus on limited national contexts and environment types. To rectify this, we examined the impact of nature exposure on state body image in diverse national contexts and across different environment types. In Study 1, 140 Romanian and 161 Spanish adults who visited botanic gardens were asked to complete a measure of state body appreciation on entry and again upon exit, as well as report their visit duration. Analyses indicated that there was a significant increase in bo…
The Regulatory State vs. the Networked Polity: confronting narratives of change
2014
The aim of the article is to summarize and reassess the innovations brought about by governance theory. It is argued that the notion of governance is a conceptual device that could help rationalise and articulate the changes undertaken by liberal democracies since the late 1970s. The article suggests the need to distinguish between two distinct research programmes composing governance studies, which are influenced by alternative epistemic traditions—political economy and economic sociology. Rationalizations of change influenced by political economy support the idea that the outcome of recent political change is a market-oriented “Regulatory State”, while those influence by economic sociolog…