Search results for "Polymerase"

showing 10 items of 2127 documents

Corrigendum to "poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition synergizes with the NF-κB inhibitor DHMEQ to kill hepatocellular carcinoma cells" [Biochim. B…

2018

Fig. 1. The effects of the DHMEQ–Olaparib combination on HCC cells. (A) Cells were treated for 72 hwith the indicated concentrations of DHMEQ–Olaparib and cell viability was assessed by MTS assays. The DHMEQ–Olaparib combination showed synergistic inhibition of cell viability in Hep3B cells and additive inhibition in Huh7 cells. Combination index (CI) values are indicated above the bar. Data are expressed as percent cell growth and are the mean ± SD of three separate experiments (each of which was performed in triplicate). *p b 0.05 and **p b 0.01 versus each agent alone. (B) Cells were treated for 24 h with DHMEQ (μg/ml) or Olaparib (μM) alone or in combination, allowed to grow for 14 days…

Cell growthPoly ADP ribose polymeraseCellCaspase 3Cell BiologyTransfectionBiologyMolecular biologyOlaparibchemistry.chemical_compoundmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryApoptosismedicineViability assayMolecular BiologyBiochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research
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An unconventional role for miRNA: let-7 activates Toll-like receptor 7 and causes neurodegeneration

2011

Activation of innate immune receptors by host-derived factors exacerbates CNS damage, but the identity of these factors remains elusive. We uncovered an unconventional role for the microRNA let-7, a highly abundant regulator of gene expression in the CNS, in which extracellular let-7 activates the RNA-sensing Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and induces neurodegeneration through neuronal TLR7. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from individuals with Alzheimer’s disease contains increased amounts of let-7b, and extracellular introduction of let-7b into the CSF of wild-type mice by intrathecal injection resulted in neurodegeneration. Mice lacking TLR7 were resistant to this neurodegenerative effect, but thi…

Cell signalingApoptosisElectrophoretic Mobility Shift AssayBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionMiceAlzheimer DiseasemicroRNAExtracellularmedicineAnimalsHumansReceptorIn Situ HybridizationMice KnockoutNeuronsToll-like receptorMembrane GlycoproteinsMicroscopy ConfocalInnate immune systemGeneral NeuroscienceNeurodegenerationBrainvirus diseasesTLR7medicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistryMice Inbred C57BLMicroRNAsHEK293 CellsToll-Like Receptor 7Nerve DegenerationCancer researchSignal TransductionNature Neuroscience
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Resveratrol reduces oxidative stress and cell death and increases mitochondrial antioxidants and XIAP in PC6.3-cells.

2010

Resveratrol, a polyphenol derived e.g. from red grapes, has been shown to mediate several positive biological actions such as protection of cells against oxidative stress. It can also influence cell signaling, but the mechanisms behind its antioxidant properties are largely unknown. Here we show that RSV reduces oxidative stress and enhances cell survival in PC6.3 cells depending on the concentration. In these cells, RSV increased the levels of antioxidants, SOD2 and TRX2, and of X chromosome-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein. RSV also activated NFκB signaling as shown using luciferase reporter constructs. These findings show that RSV regulates oxidative stress and mitochondrial antioxi…

Cell signalingProgrammed cell deathBlotting WesternSOD2Settore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareApoptosisX-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis ProteinMitochondrionBiologyResveratrolmedicine.disease_causeInhibitor of apoptosisSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaPolymerase Chain ReactionAntioxidantsCell LineMitochondrial Proteins03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundXIAP0302 clinical medicineThioredoxinsStilbenesmedicineTRX2Humans030304 developmental biologyNeurons0303 health sciencesSuperoxide DismutaseGeneral Neurosciencefood and beveragesROSSOD23. Good healthXIAPCell biologyMitochondriaOxidative StressBiochemistrychemistryResveratrolSettore BIO/14 - FarmacologiaOxidative stre030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOxidative stressNFκBNeuroscience letters
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Lafora disease fibroblasts exemplify the molecular interdependence between thioredoxin 1 and the proteasome in mammalian cells

2013

13 páginas, 8 figuras (que no aparecen en este documento, se pueden consultar en: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584913003274#ec0005)

Cell signalingProteasome Endopeptidase ComplexBlotting WesternFree radicalsBiologyBiochemistryLafora diseaseThioredoxin 1MiceThioredoxinsPhysiology (medical)medicineAnimalsHumansImmunoprecipitationLafora diseaseEndoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiPCell proliferationMicroscopy ConfocalProteasomeReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionEndoplasmic reticulumCell cycleFibroblastsSubcellular localizationmedicine.diseaseFlow CytometryCell biologyRare diseasesCytosolOxidative StressBiochemistryProteasomeLafora DiseaseUnfolded protein responseNIH 3T3 CellsAntioxidant enzymesOxidation-Reduction
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Endothelial transcriptomic changes induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein disclose an up-regulation of Jak-Stat pathway.

2015

Oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDLs) act as an etiological factor in the development of atherosclerosis by modifying the biological properties of endothelial cells through mechanisms of vascular inflammation. To deepen the oxLDL changes at cellular level, a transcriptomic analysis of human umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAECs) treated with oxLDL was performed to identify the modified signaling pathways. Total RNA was isolated from HUAECs treated with oxLDL (100 μg/ml). Gene expression analysis was carried out using Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays. Biological pathway analysis was performed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. Microarray assay demonstrated that oxLDL …

Cell signalingTime FactorsPhysiologyBlotting WesternBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionTransfectionGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicBiological pathwayTranscriptomeRNA interferenceGene expressionHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsHumansGene Regulatory NetworksProtein Kinase InhibitorsCells CulturedOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisPharmacologyGene Expression ProfilingJAK-STAT signaling pathwaySTAT2 Transcription FactorJanus Kinase 1Janus Kinase 2Cell biologyEndothelial stem cellLipoproteins LDLSTAT1 Transcription FactorMolecular Medicinelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)RNA InterferenceSignal transductionTranscriptomeSignal TransductionVascular pharmacology
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Multifaceted effects of oligodendroglial exosomes on neurons: impact on neuronal firing rate, signal transduction and gene regulation.

2014

Exosomes are small membranous vesicles of endocytic origin that are released by almost every cell type. They exert versatile functions in intercellular communication important for many physiological and pathological processes. Recently, exosomes attracted interest with regard to their role in cell–cell communication in the nervous system. We have shown that exosomes released from oligodendrocytes upon stimulation with the neurotransmitter glutamate are internalized by neurons and enhance the neuronal stress tolerance. Here, we demonstrate that oligodendroglial exosomes also promote neuronal survival during oxygen–glucose deprivation, a model of cerebral ischaemia. We show the transfer from…

Cell typeCell signalingEndocytic cycleBlotting WesternAction PotentialsCell CommunicationNeurotransmissionBiologyExosomesReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionExosomeSynaptic TransmissionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMiceAnimalsPhosphorylationCells CulturedNeuronsSuperoxide DismutaseGlutamate receptorCatalaseMicroarray AnalysisPart III: Intercellular communication—basic insightImmunohistochemistryMicrovesiclesCell HypoxiaCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLOligodendrogliaGlucoseGene Expression RegulationSignal transductionGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSignal TransductionPhilosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in response of human laryngeal carcinoma cells to carboplatin but is absent in carboplatin resistant cells

2013

The major obstacle of successful tumor treatment with carboplatin (CBP) is the development of drug resistance. In the present study, we found that following treatment with CBP the amount of platinum which enters the human laryngeal carcinoma (HEp2)-derived CBP- resistant (7T) cells is reduced relative to the parental HEp2. As a consequence, the formation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) is reduced, the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is diminished, the amount of inter- and intrastrand cross-links is lower, and the induction of apoptosis is depressed. In HEp2 cells, ROS scavenger tempol, inhibitor of ER stress salubrinal, as well as gene silencing of ER stress marker CCAAT/…

Celllcsh:MedicineApoptosisCarboplatinSalubrinalapoptosis; carboplatin; drug resistance; endoplasmic reticulum stress; reactive oxidative species; tumor cellschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineBlotting Southwesternlcsh:Science0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryThioureaGeologyEndoplasmic Reticulum Stress3. Good healthmedicine.anatomical_structure030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSignal transductionSignal TransductionResearch ArticleProgrammed cell deathCell SurvivalBlotting WesternBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionCyclic N-Oxides03 medical and health sciencesCell Line TumormedicineHumansGene SilencingLaryngeal NeoplasmsBiology030304 developmental biologyDNA PrimersPlatinumEndoplasmic reticulumlcsh:RCarcinomaMolecular biologychemistryCell cultureApoptosisCinnamatesDrug Resistance NeoplasmUnfolded protein responseCancer researchlcsh:QSpin LabelsReactive Oxygen Species
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Role of adenylate kinase type 7 expression on cilia motility: possible link in primary ciliary dyskinesia.

2010

Background Adenylate kinase 7 (AK7) mediates the reaction 2ADP ↔ ATP + AMP, providing energy for the beating of cilia. A study recently showed that AK7 expression may be correlated with the primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) phenotype in mice. In this study, we characterized AK7 expression in vitro in an air–liquid interface (ALI) model and in middle nasal turbinate biopsy specimens from a cohort of patients with PCD to elucidate whether AK7 expression is correlated with ciliary malfunction. Methods AK7 expression was measured by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. In vitro differentiated nasal human epithelial cell siRNA experiments were performed …

Cellular differentiationBiopsyBlotting WesternAdenylate kinaseMotilityTurbinatesMiceCell Movementotorhinolaryngologic diseasesImmunology and AllergyMedicineAnimalsHumansCiliaRNA Small InterferingCells CulturedPrimary ciliary dyskinesiaKinasebusiness.industryKartagener SyndromeReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCiliumAdenylate KinaseRNACell DifferentiationGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCell biologyBlotOtorhinolaryngologyMucociliary ClearancebusinessEnergy MetabolismAmerican journal of rhinologyallergy
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Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells maintain the expression of key immunomodulatory molecules when subjected to osteogenic, adipogenic and c…

2013

Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are the main diseases that imply an inflammatory process at the joints involving the articular cartilage. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from perinatal tissues were considered good candidates for cellular therapy of musculoskeletal and orthopaedic diseases, since they can differentiate into multiple cell types and are an easily accessible cellular source. Therefore, several protocols exist on the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells of different origins into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. Another key feature of MSCs is their capacity to modulate the immune system responses in vitro and in vivo. This may have critical outcomes in d…

Cellular differentiationImmune modulationBlotting WesternCell- and Tissue-Based TherapyMedicine (miscellaneous)Clinical uses of mesenchymal stem cellsBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRegenerative medicineOsteocytesCell therapyImmunoenzyme TechniquesImmunomodulationChondrocytesImmune privilegeOsteogenic differentiationWharton's jellyAdipocytesHumansRNA MessengerWharton JellyTissue repairUmbilical cordCells CulturedStem cell transplantation for articular cartilage repairMesenchymal stem cellChondrogenic differentiationSettore BIO/16 - Anatomia UmanaReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionWharton's jellyMesenchymal stem cellCell DifferentiationMesenchymal Stem CellsGeneral MedicineCell biologyImmunologyAdipogenic differentiationRegenerative medicineCurrent stem cell researchtherapy
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Axonal control of the adult neural stem cell niche.

2014

SummaryThe ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) is an extensive germinal niche containing neural stem cells (NSCs) in the walls of the lateral ventricles of the adult brain. How the adult brain’s neural activity influences the behavior of adult NSCs remains largely unknown. We show that serotonergic (5HT) axons originating from a small group of neurons in the raphe form an extensive plexus on most of the ventricular walls. Electron microscopy revealed intimate contacts between 5HT axons and NSCs (B1) or ependymal cells (E1) and these cells were labeled by a transsynaptic viral tracer injected into the raphe. B1 cells express the 5HT receptors 2C and 5A. Electrophysiology showed that acti…

Cellular differentiationMessengerRegenerative MedicineMedical and Health SciencesImmunoenzyme TechniquesLateral ventriclesMice0302 clinical medicineNeural Stem CellsReceptor Serotonin 5-HT2C5-HT2CStem Cell NicheNeurons0303 health sciencesMicroscopyBlottingReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionNeurogenesisBrainCell DifferentiationAnatomyBiological SciencesNeural stem cellCell biologySerotonin Receptor AgonistsElectrophysiologyNeurologicalMolecular MedicineStem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-HumanWesternReceptorSerotoninEpendymal CellNeurogenesis1.1 Normal biological development and functioningBlotting WesternBiologySerotonergicReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionElectronArticle03 medical and health sciencesUnderpinning researchGeneticsAnimalsRNA Messenger030304 developmental biologyCell ProliferationRapheNeurosciencesCell BiologyStem Cell ResearchAxonsMicroscopy Electronnervous systemRaphe NucleiRNARaphe nuclei030217 neurology & neurosurgeryDevelopmental Biology
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