Search results for "Polymorphism"

showing 10 items of 1968 documents

Investigations on the population genetics of the alpha-1-antitrypsin polymorphism.

1970

The results of Pi-typing on 2647 individuals from 9 populations are reported. Of the 17 phenotypes and 9 alleles described in literature, we found 12 phenotypes and 8 alleles. The population smaples differ characteristically in their allele frequencies. The allle PiM appears constantly in all populations tested with a frequency of more than 0.85. The alleles PiF (0.01–0.11), PiS (0.01–0.02) and PiZ (0.01–0.02) were also relatively frequent in all samples. All the other alleles remain below 0.01. A great increase in the number of Pi-variants was observed in the Central European area. The frequency of α1-at variants in various populations is discussed.

AdultElectrophoresisMaleAdolescentGenotypePopulationPopulation geneticsBiologyPolymorphism (computer science)GeneticsHumansAlleleeducationAllele frequencyGenetics (clinical)AllelesGeneticseducation.field_of_studyPolymorphism GeneticMiddle AgedPhenotypeHuman geneticsGenotype frequencyPhenotypeFemaleTrypsin InhibitorsHumangenetik
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Effect of IL-13 receptor α2 levels on the biological activity of IL-13 variant R110Q

2007

Background IL-13 is a key cytokine associated with the asthmatic phenotype. IL-13 signals via its cognate receptor, a complex of IL-13 receptor (IL-13R) α 1 chain with IL-4 receptor α; however, a second protein, IL-13Rα2, also binds IL-13. Recently a polymorphic variant of IL-13 (R110Q) has been shown to be associated with atopy. Objective To investigate the binding properties of this IL-13 variant to its cognate receptors. Methods We used surface plasmon resonance to measure the binding kinetics of R110Q to its receptors. Primary human fibroblasts were grown from endobronchial biopsies obtained from volunteers. Receptor levels were measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Results T…

AdultEotaxinmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentImmunologyBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideIn vivoInternal medicinemedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyReceptorCells CulturedInterleukin-13Biological activityFibroblastsSurface Plasmon ResonanceCell sortingInterleukin-13 Receptor alpha1 SubunitReceptor–ligand kineticsKineticsEndocrinologyCytokineAmino Acid SubstitutionInterleukin 13Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha2 SubunitSTAT6 Transcription FactorJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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Lack of association between gene polymorphisms of Angiotensin converting enzyme, Nod-like receptor 1, Toll-like receptor 4, FAS/FASL and the presence…

2011

Abstract Background Several polymorphisms of genes involved in the immunological recognition of Helicobacter pylori and regulating apoptosis and proliferation have been linked to gastric carcinogenesis, however reported data are partially conflicting. The aim of our study was to evaluate potential associations between the presence of gastric cancer (GC) and high risk atrophic gastritis (HRAG) and polymorphisms of genes encoding Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), Nod-like receptor 1 (NOD1), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and FAS/FASL. Methods Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 574 subjects (GC: n = 114; HRAG: n = 222, controls: n = 238) of Caucasian origin. ACE I/D (rs4646994), NOD1 796G>…

AdultGastritis AtrophicMaleFas Ligand ProteinGenotypeAtrophic gastritisPeptidyl-Dipeptidase AWhite PeopleFas ligandHelicobacter InfectionsRisk FactorsStomach NeoplasmsNod1 Signaling Adaptor ProteinNOD1GenotypemedicineGeneticsHumansGenetics(clinical)fas ReceptorAllelesGenetics (clinical)AgedAged 80 and overPolymorphism GeneticHelicobacter pyloribiologyCancerAngiotensin-converting enzymeMiddle AgedHelicobacter pylorimedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationToll-Like Receptor 4ApoptosisImmunologybiology.proteinFemalePrecancerous ConditionsResearch ArticleBMC Medical Genetics
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Glutathione S-transferase T1 and M1 gene defects in ovarian carcinoma

1998

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) M1 and T1 are known to be polymorphic in humans. Both polymorphisms are due to gene deletions, which are responsible for the existence of null genotypes. The gene defect of GSTT1 has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of myelodysplastic syndromes, astrocytoma and meningioma. A lack of GSTM1 was associated with tobacco smoke-induced lung and bladder cancer. In this study we examined whether the GSTT1 and/or GSTM1 homozygous null genotypes were associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction protocol. The GSTT1 null genotype was observed in 14% of the control subjects that had never suffered f…

AdultGenetic MarkersCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialty10050 Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology610 Medicine & healthGastroenterologyInternal medicineOvarian carcinomaGenotypemedicineCarcinomaHumans1306 Cancer ResearchFamily historyneoplasmsAgedGlutathione TransferaseAged 80 and overOvarian NeoplasmsPolymorphism GeneticBladder cancerbiologyAge FactorsAstrocytomaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseNeoplasm ProteinsGlutathione S-transferaseEndocrinologyOncologybiology.protein570 Life sciences; biologyFemale2730 OncologyOvarian cancerCancer Letters
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Association study of suicidal behavior and affective disorders with a genetic polymorphism in ABCG1, a positional candidate on chromosome 21q22.3

2000

The gene that codes for the ABC transporter ABCG1 is located in a chromosomal susceptibility region (21q22.3) for affective disorders. Genetic variations in ABCG1 have been associated with affective disorders in Japanese males. In this study, we investigated the distribution of a G2457A polymorphism in patients with affective disorders, suicide attempters with various psychiatric diagnoses and healthy subjects. We initially found a trend towards a modest association with affective disorders in males (p = 0.046 for allele frequencies and p = 0.046 for AA versus GG). We conducted a replication study with independent patients and controls. There was no association with affective disorders, eit…

AdultGenetic MarkersMaleAdolescentGenotypeChromosomes Human Pair 21Positional candidatePoison controlBiologyChromosome (genetic algorithm)Polymorphism (computer science)GenotypemedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)AlleleAssociation (psychology)Allele frequencyAllelesBiological PsychiatryATP Binding Cassette Transporter Subfamily G Member 1AgedPharmacologyGeneticsPolymorphism GeneticSuicide attemptMood DisordersDNAMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSuicidePsychiatry and Mental healthNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyMood disordersNeurologyGenetic markerSuicidal behaviorATP-Binding Cassette TransportersFemaleNeurology (clinical)PsychologyEuropean Neuropsychopharmacology
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Genetic alterations and oxidative metabolism in sporadic colorectal tumors from a Spanish community

1997

Deletions of loci on chromosomes 5q, 17p, 18q, and 22q, together with the incidence of p53 mutations and amplification of the double minute-2 gene were investigated in the sporadic colorectal tumors of 44 patients from a Spanish community. Chromosome deletions were analyzed by means of loss of heterozygosity analysis using a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Allelic losses were also detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of a polymorphic site in intron 2 of the p53 gene. The percentages of genetic deletions on the screened chromosomes were 39.3% (5q), 58.3% (17p), 40.9% (18q), and 40% (22q). Mutations in p53 exons …

AdultGenetic MarkersMaleGenome instabilityHeterozygoteLipid PeroxidesCancer ResearchChromosomes Human Pair 22DNA Mutational AnalysisAdenocarcinomaBiologymedicine.disease_causeLoss of heterozygosityProto-Oncogene ProteinsGene duplicationmedicineHumansMolecular BiologyGenePolymorphism Single-Stranded ConformationalAgedSequence DeletionGene AmplificationDeoxyguanosineNuclear ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2Single-strand conformation polymorphismDNA NeoplasmMiddle AgedGenes p53GlutathioneMolecular biology8-Hydroxy-2'-DeoxyguanosineChromosomes Human Pair 1SpainGenetic markerChromosomes Human Pair 5FemaleRestriction fragment length polymorphismChromosomes Human Pair 18Colorectal NeoplasmsCarcinogenesisOxidation-Reduction
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Genome-wide Association Study of Alcohol Dependence

2009

Context Alcohol dependence is a serious and common public health problem. It is well established that genetic factors play a major role in the development of this disorder. Identification of genes that contribute to alcohol dependence will improve our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this disorder. Objective To identify susceptibility genes for alcohol dependence through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a follow-up study in a population of German male inpatients with an early age at onset. Design The GWAS tested 524 396 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). All SNPs with P −4 were subjected to the follow-up study. In addition, nominally significant SNPs from genes t…

AdultGenetic MarkersMaleGenotypeGenetic LinkagePopulationContext (language use)Single-nucleotide polymorphismGenome-wide association studyBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideGenetic determinismArticleAlcohol Withdrawal DeliriumYoung AdultArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Genetic linkageAnimalsHumansAlleleAge of OnseteducationAllelesGeneticseducation.field_of_studyGene Expression ProfilingAlcohol dependenceAlcohol DehydrogenasePutamenRats Inbred StrainsAmygdalaCadherinsRatsHospitalizationPsychiatry and Mental healthAlcoholismPhenotypeGene Expression RegulationCase-Control StudiesChromosomes Human Pair 2Caudate NucleusLod ScoreFollow-Up StudiesGenome-Wide Association Study
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Association analysis of SCN9A gene variants with borderline personality disorder

2008

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric disorder affecting about 1-2% of the general population. Key features of BPD are emotional instability, strong impulsivity, repeated self-injurious behavior (SIB) and dissociation. In the etiology of BPD and its predominant symptoms, genetic factors have been suggested. The voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 is expressed in sensory neurons and in the hippocampus, a key region of the limbic system probably dysfunctional in BPD and dissociative disorders. The alpha-subunit of Nav1.7 is encoded by the SCN9A gene on chromosome 2 and variations of SCN9A can lead to complete inability to sense pain. The aim of the present study was t…

AdultGenetic MarkersMaleOncologyCandidate genemedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationSingle-nucleotide polymorphismImpulsivityPolymorphism Single Nucleotidebehavioral disciplines and activitiesBorderline Personality DisorderInternal medicinemental disordersmedicineHumansDissociative disordersSex DistributioneducationBorderline personality disorderBiological PsychiatryGenetic associationPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesGeneticseducation.field_of_studymedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthHaplotypesCase-Control StudiesFemaleSCN9A Genemedicine.symptomPsychologyJournal of Psychiatric Research
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A novel Angiogenin gene mutation in a sporadic patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from southern Italy

2007

Mutations in the Angiogenin gene (ANG) linked to 14q11.2 have been recently discovered to be associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) in Irish and Scottish populations. In our study we investigated the role of ANG gene in ALS patients from southern Italy. We found a novel mutation in the signal peptide of the ANG gene in a sporadic patient with ALS (SALS). The molecular analysis of the ANG gene also demonstrated an allelic association with the rs11701 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in familial ALS (FALS) but not in SALS patients. Our finding supports the evidence that the ANG gene is involved in ALS.

AdultGenetic MarkersMaleSignal peptideAngiogenin geneAngiogeninGenetic LinkageDNA Mutational AnalysisSingle-nucleotide polymorphismGene mutationBiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotidemedicineHumansSNPGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic TestingAlleleAmyotrophic lateral sclerosisGeneGenetics (clinical)AgedChromosomes Human Pair 14Motor NeuronsGeneticsAmyotrophic Lateral SclerosisChromosome MappingRibonuclease PancreaticMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAssociation studyAmino Acid SubstitutionItalyNeurologyCytoprotectionMutationNerve DegenerationPediatrics Perinatology and Child Healthcardiovascular systemCancer researchFemaleNeurology (clinical)ALShormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsNeuromuscular Disorders
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Association between C1019T polymorphism of connexin37 and acute myocardial infarction: a study in patients from Sicily

2003

Abstract During atherogenesis, a critical role is played by intercellular communication via gap junctions, cell membrane channels linking the cytoplasmic compartments of adjacent cells. The component protein subunits of these channels, called connexin (Cx), belong to a multigene family. Cx37 is involved in growth, regeneration after injury and ageing of the endothelial cells, suggesting its role in atherosclerosis. The C1019 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of Cx37 gene was associated with thickening of the carotid intima in Swedish men and was also associated with coronary artery disease in a Taiwanese population. On the other hand, in two more recent studies performed in male Japanese…

AdultGenetic MarkersMalemedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyGenotypeHeart diseasePopulationMyocardial InfarctionSingle-nucleotide polymorphismPolymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism Single NucleotideGastroenterologyConnexinsCoronary artery diseaseGene FrequencyRisk FactorsInternal medicineOdds RatioHumansMedicineSNPMyocardial infarctioneducationSicilyRetrospective Studieseducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryIncidenceCase-control studyDNAOdds ratioMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePhenotypeCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessInternational Journal of Cardiology
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