Search results for "Population study"
showing 10 items of 210 documents
Prevention of Tungiasis and Tungiasis-Associated Morbidity Using the Plant-Based Repellent Zanzarin: A Randomized, Controlled Field Study in Rural Ma…
2013
Background Tungiasis, a parasitic skin disease caused by the female sand flea Tunga penetrans, is a prevalent condition in impoverished communities in the tropics. In this setting, the ectoparasitosis is associated with important morbidity. It causes disfigurement and mutilation of the feet. Feasible and effective treatment is not available. So far prevention is the only means to control tungiasis-associated morbidity. Methodology In two villages in Central Madagascar, we assessed the efficacy of the availability of closed shoes and the twice-daily application of a plant-based repellent active against sand fleas (Zanzarin) in comparison to a control group without intervention. The study pop…
Bed-side inferior vena cava diameter and mean arterial pressure predict long-term mortality in hospitalized patients with heart failure: 36 months of…
2015
In discharged patients with heart failure (HF), diverse conditions can intervene to worsen outcome. We would investigate whether such factors present on hospital admission can affect long-term mortality in subjects hospitalized for acute HF.One hundred twenty-three consecutive patients hospitalized for acute HF (mean age 74.8 years; 57% female) were recruited and followed for 36 months after hospitalization.At multivariate Cox model, only inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter and mean arterial pressure (MAP) registered bed-side on admission, resulted, after correction for all confounders factors, the sole factors significantly associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in long-term (H…
Human Biomonitoring of food contaminants in Spanish children: Design, sampling and lessons learned
2017
Abstract Human Biomonitoring (HBM) studies are highly useful for evaluating population exposure to environmental contaminants and are being carried out in increasing numbers all over the world. The use of HBM in the field of food safety, in a risk assessment context, presents a growing interest as more health-based guidance values (HBGV) in biological matrices are derived, and can be used in a complementary way to the external exposure approaches such as total diet studies or surveillance programmes. The aims of the present work are: i) to describe the methodological framework of the BIOVAL study, a cross-sectional HBM program carried out by the Health Department of the Regional Government …
The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress and their associated factors in college students
2020
Aim: To estimate the prevalence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and associated factors in a population of college students. Method: Cross-sectional study of psychological distress measured through the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) in a sample of 1074 college students. Results: We found a moderate prevalence of depression (18.4%), anxiety (23.6%) and stress (34.5%) symptoms in our study population. Being <
Sex-specific differences in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Results from the European CTEPH registry
2019
BACKGROUND: Women are more susceptible than men to several forms of pulmonary hypertension, but have better survival. Sparse data are available on chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). METHODS: We investigated sex-specific differences in the clinical presentation of CTEPH, performance of pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), and survival. RESULTS: Women constituted one-half of the study population of the European CTEPH registry (N = 679) and were characterized by a lower prevalence of some cardiovascular risk factors, including prior acute coronary syndrome, smoking habit, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but more prevalent obesity, cancer, and thyroid diseases. The med…
Serum autoantibodies to alpha-fodrin are present in glaucoma patients from Germany and the United States.
2006
PURPOSE Glaucoma is characterized by a progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells that results in a characteristic optic neuropathy associated with visual field loss. In previous studies, changes in the antibody profiles have been shown in the sera of patients with glaucoma, and these findings suggest a role for autoimmune involvement in the pathogenesis of glaucoma in some patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibody profiles against optic nerve antigens in patients with glaucoma in two different study populations from Germany and the United States. METHODS One hundred twenty patients were included in the study, 60 from Germany and 60 from the United States: a control gr…
Health and Physical Function Predicting Strength and Balance Training Adoption: A Community-Based Study Among Individuals Aged 75 and Older
2013
This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of health and physical function that are associated with not starting strength and balance training (SBT). The study population consisted of 339 community-dwelling individuals (75–98 years, 72% female). As part of a population-based intervention study they received comprehensive geriatric assessment, physical activity counseling, and had the opportunity to take part in SBT at the gym once a week. Compared with the SBT-adopters, the nonadopters (n = 157, 46%) were older and less physically active, had more comorbidities and lower cognitive abilities, more often had sedative load of drugs or were at the risk of malnutrition, had lower …
Association of adiponectin with adverse outcome in coronary artery disease patients: results from the AtheroGene study
2008
In primary prevention, the adipocytokine adiponectin seems to be protective against diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Data in patients with manifest coronary artery disease (CAD) are scant stimulating the investigation of the association of adiponectin concentrations and cardiovascular outcome in a prospective CAD cohort.In 1890 consecutive patients with documented CAD [1130 with stable angina (SAP) and 760 with acute coronary syndrome (ACS)] baseline concentrations of adiponectin were measured by enzyme-linked immuno assay. During a median follow-up of 2.5 years cardiovascular events were registered (cardiovascular deaths 70; non-fatal myocardial infarction 46). Baseline adipon…
Cardiovascular risk factors, angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism, and left ventricular mass in systemic hypertension.
1999
We investigated the influence of major cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus) on the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism and echocardiographic left ventricular mass in 225 patients with sustained hypertension, assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. When the study population was analyzed as a whole, the 3 ACE genotypes did not differ in left ventricular mass (II, 47 g/m2.7; ID, 49 g/m2.7; DD, 51 g/m2.7; p = NS). No difference was found in subjects (n = 135) in whom at least 1 major cardiovascular risk factor was present (II, 51 g/m2.7; ID, 51 g/m2.7; DD: 52 g/m2.7; p = NS). In …
Obesity and iron deficiency anemia as risk factors for asymptomatic bacteriuria.
2013
Background: Few studies examined the risk factors of asymptomatic bacteriuria, showing contradictory results. Our study aimed to examine the association between different clinical and laboratory parameters and asymptomatic bacteriuria in internal medicine patients. Materials and methods: 330 consecutive hospitalized subjects, asymptomatic for urinary tract infections (UTIs), underwent to microscopic examination of urine specimens. 100 subjects were positive for microscopic bacteriuria and were recruited into the study. At the quantitative urine culture 31 subjects of study population were positive while 69 subjects were negative for bacteriuria. Results: The analysis of clinical characteris…