Search results for "Population"
showing 10 items of 9945 documents
Design of biopolymeric matrices entrapping bioprotective lactic acid bacteria to control Listeria monocytogenes growth: Comparison of alginate and al…
2014
In order to design biopolymeric matrices entrapping bioprotective lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to control undesirable microorganisms growth in foods, the performances of alginate and alginate-caseinate (an aqueous two-phase system) matrices entrapping Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis LAB3 cells were compared. Since efficient matrices should preserve the culturability and the antimicrobial activity of entrapped LAB3 cells for prolonged periods, they were both monitored for 12 days storage at 30 °C. Maximal cell density (∼109 CFU mL−1) was reached after 24 h whatever the matrix type. Then, the LAB3 cells population decreased: 107 and 106 CFU mL−1 were enumerated after 12 days in alginate-casein…
Brassica trichocarpa (Brassicaceae), a new species from Sicily
2013
A new species of Brassica from Sicily, namely B. trichocarpa, is described and illustrated. This suffrutex was found on a calcareous peak of a mount near Palermo, where it is represented by a single population occupying a really small surface. It is well differentiated from the other perennial species belonging to B. sect. Brassica mainly in having hairy ovary and very short, thickened, hairy, not torulose fruits. Its relationships and taxonomical position within this group are examined too. An analytical key of the current taxa belonging to the genus Brassica sect. Brassica is also provided.
Origin of a sudden mass occurrence of the stolbur phytoplasma vectorHyalesthes obsoletus(Cixiidae) in Austria
2014
The grapevine disease ‘bois noir’ is widespread in European viticulture, but in many regions there is a lack of correspondence between disease spread and abundance of the main insect vector, the planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus. This was the situation in Austria until 2012, when a mass occurrence of the vector was observed on Urtica dioica, a new host plant for the vector and reservoir plant for the pathogen, stolbur phytoplasma, in this area. Here we analyse the origin of the Austrian vector populations using genetic markers. The origin was unambiguously assigned to two regional populations, and two causes for the population expansion: immigration of East Central European populations and l…
Responses in metabolic rate to changes in temperature in diapausing Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatafrom three European populations
2015
Many insects survive adverse periods in seasonal environments by entering diapause, a deep resting stage, during which energy consumption is typically low and gas exchange is in the form of a discontinuous gas exchange cycle (DGC). Because insects in high-latitude environments are severely time constrained during summer, an effective diapause termination with careful regulation of metabolic rate is important. The present study examines whether diapausing Colorado potato beetles Leptinotarsa decemlineataSay originating from three latitudinally different regions in Europe differ in their quantitative or qualitative gas exchange patterns in response to an increasing temperature. Overall produc…
Genetic differentiation of three species of Matthiola (Brassicaceae) in the Sicilian insular system
2005
We examined the genetic variation of 12 isozyme loci in 14 populations of Matthiola (Brassicaceae) representing the geographic distribution of the species M. incana, M. fruticulosa ssp. fruticulosa and M. tricuspidata in the Sicilian insular system and the adjacent mainland areas to estimate the levels and apportionment of genetic variation in the insular populations and to understand their population dynamics. The disparity in the distribution of polymorphism in populations of M. incana ssp. incana (low within populations but with high values of F ST and G ST ) contrasts with the homogeneity in the inter-population distribution of the high genetic variation detected in M. tricuspidata and …
Diferencias de género entre autocultivadores de cannabis en España
2019
The increase in cannabis use coincides with the proliferation of small-scale cannabis cultivation. These crops facilitate substance availability and increased use. Some investigations have studied the characteristics of small-scale cultivators; however, it is not known whether their profiles differ by gender. The aim of the present study was to analyse differences among growers regarding sociodemographic variables, patterns of use and health problems from a gender perspective. A descriptive observational study was designed with a sample of 219 cultivators (157 men and 62 women), aged between 18 and 34. Problematic use of cannabis (CPQ), cannabis dependence (SDS), patterns of abuse (CAST), r…
Functional interactions between members of the REPAT family of insect pathogen-induced proteins
2012
Studies on the transcriptional response to pathogens in the insect larval gut have shown the regulation of several genes after the infection. Repat (REsponse to PAThogens) genes were first identified in Spodoptera exigua midgut as being up-regulated in response to the exposure to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins and baculovirus. Recently, new members of the REPAT family showed a constitutive up-regulation in a B. thuringiensis-resistant population. Based on a yeast two-hybrid screening, we have detected the interaction of REPAT1 with other members of the REPAT family, leading to the discovery of a new member: REPAT8. The functional role of this interaction was shown by following the changes of…
Middle Cambrian Gogiid Echinoderms from Northeast Spain: Taxonomy, Palaeoecology, and Palaeogeographic Implications
2009
Gogia parsleyi Zamora sp. nov. and Gogia sp. are described from two different echinoderm assemblages, both from the middle Cambrian of the Murero Formation (Iberian Chains, NE Spain). Gogia parsleyi is reconstructed and described on the basis of fifteen complete or partial specimens and numerous isolated plates. It is characterised by spiralled brachioles, simple epispires, sometimes covered by stereomic domes or tiny cover plates, and by thecal plates arranged in subregular circlets. This gogiid population comprises juveniles, advanced juveniles and mature individuals. The material was found in the upper part of the Murero Formation (upper Caesaraugustian—lower Languedocian). Gogia sp. is …
The Polish Nation: From a Multiethnic to an Ethnically Homogenous Nation-State
2009
In Chapter 4 I focused on the stateless noble natio of partitioned Poland-Lithuania that sought to transform itself into a Polish nation. The Polish-Lithuanian noble leaders paid lip service to the French model of the nation-state but, apart from a few lonely dissenting voices, had no intention to broaden the confines of the planned Polish nation to embrace the ‘third estate,’ that is, the peasantry and burghers. The social barrier of serfdom alone kept the nobles from associating with peasants. In the cities, a large and sometimes predominant, segment of the population was made up of German-speakers and Yiddish-speaking Jews. Their idioms disqualified them from participation in the emergin…
Genetic and morphological differentiation ofDikerogammarusinvaders and their invasion history in Central Europe
2002
SUMMARY 1. Biological invasions often involve close taxonomic relatives either as native/invader pairs or as invader/invader pairs. Precise identification and differentiation of species is therefore of paramount importance to reconstruct the invasion history. Genetic studies are indispensable in the case of morphologically conservative taxonomic groups. 2. We analysed the Pontocaspian freshwater amphipods Dikerogammarus that have successfully invaded the benthos of large Central European rivers. Taxonomic uncertainties were clarified by phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial 16S and COI genes. The three-way partitioning of allozyme genotypes in a syntopic population further corroborated the…