Search results for "Positive"

Personalized intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure: a further step in protective ventilation

2017

Signal processing procedures for the evaluation of the cardiovascular effects in the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2002

A new index, the cross-power index (CPI), is proposed to quantify the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in terms of its cardiovascular effects. On the basis of the influences that recurring drops in oxygen saturation have on systolic blood pressure variability of OSAS patients, CPI is defined as the integral of the cross-spectrum modulus between systolic blood pressure and oxygen saturation. In a test group of 22 subjects, CPI correctly identified all 15 OSAS patients included in the pool. Moreover, evaluation of CPI in six OSAS patients sleeping with and without a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) device demonstrated that CPAP treatment substantially reduced the …

Sports clubs as accessible developmental assets for all? Adolescents’ assessment of egalitarianism vs. elitism in sport clubs vs. school

2013

School and sport clubs are considered important public institutions in the nationwide scaffolding of developmental assets for adolescents. However, external assets’ impact on individuals’ internal assets is not given and developmental institutions do not necessarily function as the society would like to believe. Previous qualitative studies from Norway indicate that organized youth sport appears as competitive and exclusive and the purpose of the present study was therefore to assess a national sample of adolescents’ perceptions of their local sports clubs in terms of egalitarianism (inclusiveness) and elitism (exclusiveness). A comparison with their assessments of their local school was pe…

Divergent Thinking in Older Adults : Understanding its Role in Well-being

2021

The purpose of the study was to explore the nature of the relationship between Divergent Thinking and Well-being. Two theoretical models about the relationship between Divergent thinking, Psychological well-being and Life Satisfaction were tested. A total of 152 subjects between 65 and 84 years old participated in the study. Final model emphasises the idea that PWB is affected by DT and that PWB is also significantly related to LS. The model also highlights the importance of four dimensions of well-being: environmental mastery, life purpose, personal growth and self-acceptance. The goodness-of-fit indexes confirmed the existence of a significant relationship between DT and well-being, and b…

Managing risk-taking to enhance innovation in organizations

2013

Trabajo presentado al Organizational Innovation Workshop: "Organizational Innovation and its antecedents, performance consequences and technological complementarities: Towards a research agenda" celebrado en Valencia (España) el 21 de Febrero de 2013.

Effectiveness of mandibular advancement appliances in treating obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A systematic review

2015

Objectives/Hypothesis Mandibular advancement devices are an alternative to continuous positive airway pressure for patients with mild or moderate obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). The main aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of different devices in treating OSAHS, based on polysomnographic measurements such as the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen saturation, and on changes in the upper airway and improvements in the most common symptoms: snoring and somnolence. Their adverse effects were also noted. Study Design Systematic review. Methods Following an exhaustive search in the Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases, 22 articles published in the p…

Measurement of Pharyngeal Pressure in Patients using Nasal CPAP

1995

In patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) prevents pharyngeal collapse by applying positive pressure transnasally. Currently there are not objective criteria to determine whether surgical improvement of nasal resistance is necessary in patients undergoing nCPAP treatment. In 16 patients with documented OSAS, inspiratory and expiratory pressures in the pharynx were measured during nCPAP with pressures ranging from 5 to 20 mbar. Identical studies were performed in 12 patients with severe nasal obstruction without OSAS and in eight normal patients. The results of each group were compared to the nasal resistance as measured by a…

Long-term positive airway pressure therapy is associated with reduced total cholesterol levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea : data from t…

2020

Background and aim: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for dyslipidemia. The current study examined the effects of positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment on lipid status in the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA). Methods: The prospective cohort study enrolled 1564 OSA subjects (74% male, mean age 54 ± 11y, body mass index (BMI) 32.7 ± 6.6 kg/m2 and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 40.3 ± 24.4 n/h) undergoing PAP therapy for at least three months (mean 377.6 ± 419.5 days). Baseline and follow-up total cholesterol (TC) from nine centers were analyzed. Repeated measures and logistic regression tests (adjusted for age, sex, weight changes, lipid lowering medication, PAP …

Wykorzystanie koncepcji profilaktyki pozytywnej w pracy opiekuńczo-wychowawczej domu dziecka

2021

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie możliwości wykorzystania założeń koncepcji profilaktyki pozytywnej oraz skonstruowanego na jej podstawie modelu wielowymiarowej profilaktyki pozytywnej w pracy opiekuńczo-wychowawczej domu dziecka. Artykuł zwraca uwagę na znaczenie jakości pracy opiekuńczo-wychowawczej dla pomyślnego procesu usamodzielnienia wychowanków poza murami placówki. Uwzględniając specyfikę czynników ryzyka występujących w życiu wychowanków, przedstawia propozycję modyfikacji tradycyjnie ujmowanej funkcji profilaktycznej domu dziecka. Zaproponowana transformacja polega na organizowaniu pracy opiekuńczo-wychowawczej skupiającej się nie tylko na redukowaniu czynników ryzyka, lecz także na …

Solid-state compatibility of Ca:LaNbO4 with perovskite cathodes: Evidences from X-ray microspectroscopy

2022

The solid-state compatibility between calcium-doped lanthanum niobate and three perovskite cathode materials was investigated using two X-ray microbeam techniques, micro X-ray fluorescence and micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The cathode powders (lanthanum strontium ferrite, either cobalt or copper-doped, and lanthanum strontium cobaltite) in contact with the dense electrolyte pellet were annealed at 1150 degrees C for 12-144 h to simulate the effect of thermal stresses due to fabrication and long-term operation. As a result, several interdiffusion phenomena were then observed on the bilayer cross-sections: in particular, the chemical state and coordination environment of calcium, iron,…