Search results for "Potassium Chloride"

showing 10 items of 87 documents

Imaging synaptic zinc release in living nervous tissue

2001

Zinc enriched neurons have a pool of synaptic vesicles which contain free or loosely-bound zinc ions. The movement of the vesicular zinc ions into the synaptic clefts has been previously studied by microdialysis, fluorescence postmortem staining for zinc and radioactive zinc isotope. In this study the zinc fluorescence probe N-6-metoxy-p-toluensulfonamide quinoline (TSQ) has been applied as a tracer of synaptic release of zinc ions. This fluorochrome permeates cell membranes and when exposed to living brain slices gives rise to a staining pattern similar to that seen with autometallography. In the living brain slices, fluorescence emission persists after exposure to calcium saturated ethyle…

TelencephalonMicrodialysisCell Membrane PermeabilitySynaptic cleftSodiumNeurophysiologychemistry.chemical_elementZincSynaptic TransmissionSynaptic vesiclePotassium ChlorideTosyl CompoundsImage Processing Computer-AssistedExtracellularAnimalsEdetic AcidFluorescent DyesElectronic Data ProcessingMicroscopy VideoGeneral NeuroscienceCell MembraneLizardsZincMembraneMicroscopy FluorescencechemistryBiochemistryIsotopes of zincAminoquinolinesBiophysicsRabbitsSynaptic VesiclesJournal of Neuroscience Methods
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Fermentation profiles of Manzanilla-Aloreña cracked green table olives in different chloride salt mixtures.

2010

NaCl plays an important role in table olive processing affecting the flavour and microbiological stability of the final product. However, consumers demand foods low in sodium, which makes necessary to decrease levels of this mineral in fruits. In this work, the effects of diverse mixtures of NaCl, CaCl2 and KCl on the fermentation profiles of cracked directly brined Manzanilla-Aloreña olives, were studied by means of response surface methodology based in a simplex lattice mixture design with constrains. All salt combinations led to lactic acid processes. The growth of Enterobacteriaceae populations was always limited and partially inhibited by the presence of CaCl2. Only time to reach half …

Time FactorsWater activityFood HandlingTable oliveSodium chlorideSodiumPopulationMicroorganismsColony Count Microbialchemistry.chemical_elementBacterial growthSodium ChlorideMicrobiologyFermentation profileCalcium chloridePotassium Chloridechemistry.chemical_compoundCalcium ChlorideBriningEnterobacteriaceaeSpecies SpecificityFood PreservationOleaYeastsFood scienceeducationeducation.field_of_studyDose-Response Relationship DrugWaterHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationYeastLactic acidKineticschemistryBiochemistryPotassium chlorideTasteFermentationFood MicrobiologyFermentationSaltsFood ScienceFood microbiology
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Effects of a vitamin D3 analogue in a rat model of bladder outlet obstruction

2006

OBJECTIVES To explore the effect of the vitamin D3 analogue, BXL-628, on some of the consequences of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), e.g. hypertrophy and loss of contractile function, as vitamin D3 and BXL-628 inhibit prostate and bladder cell growth in vitro, and there are receptors for vitamin D in rat and human bladder. MATERIAL AND METHODS In female rats, BOO was produced by a standardized method; one group received daily BXL-628 (150 µg/kg per day) and the remaining rats received vehicle. Sham-operated rats received BXL-628 or vehicle. After 2 weeks, the conscious rats were assessed by cystometry. Plasma calcium levels were determined and in vitro contractility assessed at the end of…

Vitaminmedicine.medical_specialtyUrologymedia_common.quotation_subjectUrinary BladderUrinationStimulationurologic and male genital diseasesUrinationPotassium ChlorideMuscle hypertrophyRats Sprague-DawleyContractilityBladder outlet obstructionchemistry.chemical_compoundCalcitriolInternal medicinePressuremedicineVitamin D and neurologyAnimalsmedia_commonmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCystometryHypertrophyOrgan SizeElectric StimulationRatsUrinary Bladder Neck ObstructionEndocrinologychemistryFemalebusinessMuscle ContractionBJU International
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Osmotic stress affects the stability of freeze-dried Lactobacillus buchneri R1102 as a result of intracellular betaine accumulation and membrane char…

2014

Aims To help cells to better resist the stressful conditions associated with the freeze-drying process during starter production, we investigated the effect of various osmotic conditions on growth, survival and acidification activity of Lactobacillus buchneri R1102, after freeze-drying and during storage for 3 months at 25°C. Methods and Results High survival rates during freeze-drying, but not during storage, were obtained when 0·1 mol l−1 KCl was added at the beginning of fermentation, without any change in membrane properties and betaine accumulation. This condition made it possible to maintain a high acidification rate throughout the process. In contrast, the addition of 0·6 mol l−1 KCl…

[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyOsmotic shockMembrane FluidityPreservation BiologicalBiologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologysurvivalPotassium Chloride03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBetaineOsmotic PressureLactobacillusMembrane fluidityOsmotic pressure[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular BiologyLactobacillus buchneriFood sciencemembrane[ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology030304 developmental biologyLactobacillus buchneri0303 health sciencesMicrobial Viability030306 microbiology[ SDV.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationBetaineLactobacillusFreeze DryingchemistryBiochemistry13. Climate actionFermentationacidification activityFermentationosmotic stressIntracellularBiotechnology
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Selective chiral inhibition of Ca2+ entry promoted by bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines in rat uterus.

1992

Abstract The effects of diltiazem and six bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids (antioquine, 7-O-methylantioquine, dimethylantioquine, monterine, granjine and cordobimine) were studied in rat isolated uterus in order to clarify the mechanisms of their relaxant actions. All the compounds tested completely relaxed KCl-induced contractions and totally or partially inhibited oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions. Only alkaloids with absolute configurations (1R,1′S or 1R,1′R) acted intracellularly, promoting relaxation of contractile responses induced by oxytocin in a Ca2+-free medium, as does papaverine. Alkaloids of the antioquine series (1S,1′R) selectively inhibited Ca2+ entry. The grea…

endocrine systemStereochemistryMuscle RelaxationUterusBiologyOxytocinBenzylisoquinolinesPotassium ChlorideDiltiazemUterine ContractionAlkaloidsmedicineAnimalsheterocyclic compoundsDiltiazemRats WistarPharmacologyPapaverineAlkaloidUterusCalcium Channel BlockersIn vitroRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureOxytocinStereoselectivityFemalemedicine.symptommedicine.drugMuscle contractionEuropean journal of pharmacology
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Effects of magnesium chloride on the contractile response of uterus to several agonists in Ca-free solution

1987

Abstract The effects of MgCl2 on the oestrogen-dominated rat uterus have been examined. Tissues were preincubated in a Ca2+- and Mg2+-free medium containing 3 mM EDTA. Most experiments were subsequently performed in a similar medium containing either no EDTA or EDTA (1 mM). When MgCl2 was added cumulatively (1–32 mM) no contractile responses were obtained in Ca,Mg-free medium or in Ca,Mg-free high K+ solution. When 2 mM CaCl2 as added, a sustained contraction was obtained. Subsequent addition of cumulative concentrations of MgCl2 caused concentration-dependent relaxation. Oxytocin, 2 μM, produced a small and sustained contraction in a Ca,Mg-free medium. Addition of MgCl2, 2 mM, increased th…

inorganic chemicalsmedicine.medical_specialtyContraction (grammar)PotassiumMagnesium ChloridePharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementIn Vitro TechniquesCalciumOxytocinPotassium ChlorideUterine contractionUterine ContractionInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsMagnesiumVanadateEdetic AcidPharmacologyMagnesiumRats Inbred StrainsVanadiumRatsEndocrinologychemistryOxytocinCalciumFemaleVanadatesmedicine.symptommedicine.drugMuscle contractionJournal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
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Rationale and Design of the Efficacy of a Standardized Diuretic Protocol in Acute Heart Failure Study

2021

AIMS: Although acute heart failure (AHF) with volume overload is treated with loop diuretics, their dosing and type of administration are mainly based upon expert opinion. A recent position paper from the Heart Failure Association (HFA) proposed a step-wise pharmacologic diuretic strategy to increase the diuretic response and to achieve rapid decongestion. However, no study has evaluated this protocol prospectively. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Efficacy of a Standardized Diuretic Protocol in Acute Heart Failure (ENACT-HF) study is an international, multicentre, non-randomized, open-label, pragmatic study in AHF patients on chronic loop diuretic therapy, admitted to the hospital for intravenous …

medicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentStudy DesignsDecongestionVolume overloadDiuresisNatriuresisSodium Potassium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsFurosemideAcute heart failure; Diuretics; Urinary sodium; Decongestion; ProtocolmedicineClinical endpointProtocolHumansDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemInfusions IntravenousDiureticsHeart FailureUrinary sodiumStudy Designbusiness.industryFurosemideAcute heart failureLoop diureticmedicine.diseaseAnesthesiaHeart failureRC666-701DiureticCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugESC Heart Failure
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Ischemic type biliary lesions in histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) preserved liver grafts.

2006

Ischemic type biliary lesions lead to considerable morbidity following orthotopic liver transplantation. The exact pathogenesis is unknown. One major hypothesis is that insufficient perfusion of the arterial vessels of the biliary tree, especially under perfusion with the high viscous University of Wisconsin solution, might be responsible for ischemic type biliary lesions. Due to low viscosity, HTK solution is reported to have a lower incidence of biliary complications. However, there is no data concerning ischemic type biliary lesions in HTK preserved livers. In this paper we report our results after orthotopic liver transplantation with special regard to ischemic type biliary lesions in …

medicine.medical_specialtyAdenosinemedicine.medical_treatmentAllopurinolOrgan Preservation Solutions030232 urology & nephrologyBiomedical EngineeringMedicine (miscellaneous)Bioengineering030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyLiver transplantationHTK solutionGastroenterologyPotassium ChlorideBiomaterialsPathogenesisHistidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRaffinoseIschemiaInternal medicinemedicineHumansInsulinViaspanMannitolProspective Studiesbusiness.industryImmunosuppressionGeneral MedicineOrgan PreservationMiddle AgedGlutathioneLiver TransplantationTransplantationGlucoseBile DuctsbusinessPerfusionProcaineThe International journal of artificial organs
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Different mechanism of relaxation induced by aporphine alkaloids in rat uterus.

1993

Abstract We have examined the uterine relaxant action of three aporphine molecules (S-glaucine, S-boldine and R-apomorphine) in two experimental conditions, with and without calcium in the bathing solution, and compared these effects with those obtained with the calcium antagonists verapamil and diltiazem. The present study shows that the alkaloids relax the uterine muscle but with different mechanisms of action. In Ca2+-containing solution all three alkaloids relaxed the uterus previously contracted by KCl or acetylcholine, but in Ca2+-free medium only R-apomorphine was able to relax oxytocin-induced contraction. The calcium antagonists, verapamil and diltiazem, relaxed KCl- or acetylcholi…

medicine.medical_specialtyAporphinesApomorphineMuscle RelaxationPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementCalciumIn Vitro TechniquesOxytocinUterine contractionPotassium Chloridechemistry.chemical_compoundUterine ContractionInternal medicinemedicineBoldineAnimalsDrug InteractionsDiltiazemAporphineRats WistarPharmacologyCalcium Channel BlockersGlaucineAcetylcholineCulture MediaRatsEndocrinologyMuscle relaxationchemistryBiophysicsVerapamilCalciumFemalemedicine.symptommedicine.drugThe Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology
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Pharmacological investigation into the effects of histamine and histamine analogues on guinea-pig and rat colon in vitro.

1986

The effects of histamine and specific histamine agonists has been examined on isolated longitudinal colon strips of guinea-pig and rat. Histamine and 2-pyridyl-ethylamine but not 4 methylhistamine produced a concentration-related contractile response in the guinea-pig colon. The H1-antagonist clemizole antagonized competitively the effect of histamine but the H2-antagonist ranitidine did not modify the dose-response curve to histamine in the guinea-pig colon. Atropine, hexamethonium, prazosin and propranolol failed to modify the contractile response to histamine. Tone induced with KCl in guinea-pig isolated colon was not modified by histamine agonists even in tissues pretreated with clemizo…

medicine.medical_specialtyColonGuinea PigsHistamine AntagonistsHistamine H1 receptorIn Vitro TechniquesHistamine agonistPotassium Chloridechemistry.chemical_compoundHistamine receptorHistamine H2 receptorInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHistamine H4 receptorPharmacologyMethylhistaminesMuscle SmoothRats Inbred StrainsClemizoleRatsEndocrinologychemistryReceptors Histamine4-MethylhistamineHistamineResearch ArticleHistamineMuscle Contraction
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