Search results for "Potential"

showing 10 items of 3348 documents

Momentum-resolved photoelectron absorption in surface barrier scattering on Ir(111) and graphene/Ir(111)

2017

Physical review / B 96(15), 155108 (2017). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.96.155108

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceGrapheneScattering02 engineering and technologyPhotoelectric effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMolecular physics530law.inventionMomentumElectron diffractionlaw0103 physical sciencesRectangular potential barrierddc:530010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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High-Pressure, High-Temperature Phase Diagram of Calcium Fluoride from Classical Atomistic Simulations

2013

We study the phase diagram of calcium fluoride (CaF2) under pressure using classical molecular dynamics simulations performed with a reliable pairwise interatomic potential of the Born−Mayer−Huggins form. Our results obtained under conditions 0 ≤ P ≲ 20 GPa and 0 ≤ T ≲ 4000 K reveal a rich variety of multiphase boundaries involving different crystal, superionic, and liquid phases, for all of which we provide an accurate parametrization. Interestingly, we predict the existence of three special triple points (i.e., solid−solid−superionic, solid−superionic−superionic, and superionic−superionic−liquid coexisting states) within a narrow and experimentally accessible thermodynamic range of 6 ≤ P …

Range (particle radiation)Materials scienceThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementInteratomic potentialSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystalsymbols.namesakeMolecular dynamicsGeneral EnergychemistrysymbolsFluorinePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryvan der Waals forceParametrizationPhase diagramThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Differential Cross Sections and Product Rovibrational Distributions for (16)O + (32)O2 and (18)O + (36)O2 Collisions.

2015

We report rotationally resolved opacity functions, product rotational distributions, and differential cross sections for the (16)O + (16)O(16)O (v = 0,j = 1) → (16)O(16)O (v' = 0,j') + (16)O and (18)O + (18)O(18)O (v = 0,j = 1) → (18)O(18)O (v' = 0,j') + (18)O collisions calculated by a time-independent quantum mechanical method employing one of the latest potential energy surface of ozone [ Dawes ; et al. J. Chem. Phys. 2013 , 139 , 201103 ]. The results obtained for both collisional systems in the energy range 0.001-0.2 eV are examined, and interesting mass scaling effects have been discovered. The shapes of product angular distributions suggest a transition from an indirect to a direct s…

Range (particle radiation)OpacityChemistryScatteringProduct (mathematics)Potential energy surfaceRotational–vibrational spectroscopyPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsMass scalingDifferential (mathematics)The journal of physical chemistry. A
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Analysis of small-angle scattering patterns from a commercial Al-Li alloy by means of a model incorporating a repulsive step potential

1992

Abstract Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements are reported for a commercial Al-8·49%Li-51% Cu (atomic composition) alloy solution treated at 520°C and thermally aged for several times at several temperatures. Data have been analysed by means of a model of ellipsoidal precipitate particles previously proposed by some of us and by a modification of this model where, in the interparticle interference term, allowance is made for interactions between the precipitate particles at longer range than previously. This was achieved by the introduction, in addition to the hard-sphere interaction potential, of a potential step. Our fits indicate that the precipitate particles interact through a rep…

Range (particle radiation)ScatteringChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringAlloyGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsActivation energyengineering.materialThermal diffusivitySolution of Schrödinger equation for a step potentialCrystallographyengineeringParticleSmall-angle scatteringPhilosophical Magazine B
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Theoretical Study of the Gas Phase Decomposition of Glycolic, Lactic, and 2-Hydroxyisobutyric Acids

1997

The reaction mechanism associated with the decomposition of three α-hydroxycarboxylic acids (glycolic, lactic, and 2-hydroxyisobutyric) in the gas phase to form carbon monoxide, water, and the corresponding carbonyl compounds has been theoretically characterized by using ab initio analytical gradients at the MP2 level of theory with the 6-31G** and 6-31++G** basis sets. A detailed characterization of the potential energy surface points out the existence of three competitive reaction pathways for the decomposition process. The first pathway describes a two-step mechanism, with water elimination and formation of an α-lactone intermediate, achieved by the nucleophilic attack of the carbonylic …

Reaction mechanismChemistryChemical process of decompositionAb initioGeneral ChemistryBiochemistryDecompositionCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryNucleophileGroup (periodic table)Computational chemistryPotential energy surfaceOrganic chemistryCarbon monoxideJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Toward an Automatic Determination of Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms and Their Activation Free Energies.

2013

We present a combination of the string method and a path collective variable for the exploration of the free energy surface associated to a chemical reaction in condensed environments. The on-the-fly string method is employed to find the minimum free energy paths on a multidimensional free energy surface defined in terms of interatomic distances, which is a convenient selection to study bond forming/breaking processes. Once the paths have been determined, a reaction coordinate is defined as a measure of the advance of the system along these paths. This reaction coordinate can be then used to trace the reaction Potential of Mean Force from which the activation free energy can be obtained. Th…

Reaction mechanismEnergy profileProtonComputational chemistryChemical physicsChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPotential of mean forceString (physics)Chemical reactionTransition stateComputer Science ApplicationsReaction coordinateJournal of chemical theory and computation
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An Ab Initio Study on the Mechanism of the Atmospheric Reaction NH2+O3→H2NO+O2

2003

The atmospheric reaction NH 2 +0 3 →H 2 NO+O 2 has been investigated theoretically by using MP2, QCISD, QCISD(T), CCSD(T), CASSCF, and CASPT2 methods with various basis sets. At the MP2 level or theory, the hypersurface of the potential energy (HPES) shows a two step reaction mechanism. Therefore, the mechanism proceeds along two transition states (TS1 and TS2), seperated by an intermediate disignated as Int. However, when the single-reference higler correlated QCISD and the multiconfigurational CASSCF methodologies have been employed, the minimum structure Int and TS2 are not found on the HPES, which thus confirms a direct reaction mechanism. Single-reference high correlated and multiconfi…

Reaction mechanismHypersurfaceChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsEnthalpyAb initioPhysical chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPotential energyChemical reactionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTransition stateChemPhysChem
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Enzyme Promiscuity in Enolase Superfamily. Theoretical Study of o-Succinylbenzoate Synthase Using QM/MM Methods

2015

The promiscuous activity of the enzyme o-succinylbenzoate synthase (OSBS) from the actinobacteria Amycolatopsis is investigated by means of QM/MM methods, using both density functional theory and semiempirical Hamiltonians. This enzyme catalyzes not only the dehydration of 2-succinyl-6R-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1R-carboxylate but also catalyzes racemization of different acylamino acids, with N-succinyl-R-phenylglycine being the best substrate. We investigated the molecular mechanisms for both reactions exploring the potential energy surface. Then, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to obtain the free energy profiles and the averaged interaction energies of enzymatic residues wi…

Reaction mechanismStereochemistrypromiscuous activityMolecular Dynamics SimulationQM/MMMolecular dynamicsComputational chemistryCatalytic DomainActinomycetalesMaterials ChemistryAmino AcidsCarbon-Carbon LyasesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryenzymeseRacemizationQM/MM methodbiologyChemistryEnolase superfamilySubstrate (chemistry)Surfaces Coatings and FilmsPotential energy surfaceBiocatalysisbiology.proteinQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsEnzyme promiscuityo-succinylbenzoate synthase
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Calculation of the rate constants for hydrogen abstraction reactions by Hydroperoxyl radical from Methanol, and the investigation of stability of CH3…

2020

Abstract Master equation (ME) with Lennard-Jones potential utilized to simulate the collision between CH3OH and HO2 radical in the presence of bath gas. The reaction mechanism explored through the lowest doublet potential energy surface at CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory that is barrierless and forms shallow energized intermediate at the entrance channel. The investigation of the fractional population showed that lifetime of CH3OH.HO2 intermediate (INT*) is fairly short due to its shallow depth, and at the low temperature, most reaction takes place by re-dissociation back to reactants and also when the pressure is high enough, the INT* is thermalized and comes into eq…

Reaction mechanismeducation.field_of_study010304 chemical physicsChemistryPopulationThermodynamics010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsHydrogen atom abstraction01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundReaction rate constantHydroperoxyl0103 physical sciencesPotential energy surfaceMaster equationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationEquilibrium constantComputational and Theoretical Chemistry
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Ab initiostudy of the mechanism of the atmospheric reaction: NO2+ O3→ NO3+ O2

2003

The atmospheric reaction NO2 + O3 --> NO3 + O2 (1) has been investigated theoretically by using the MP2, G2, G2Q, QCISD, QCISD(T), CCSD(T), CASSCF, and CASPT2 methods with various basis sets. The results show that the reaction pathway can be divided in two different parts at the MP2 level of theory. At this level, the mechanism proceeds along two transition states (TS1 and TS2) separated by an intermediate, designated as A. However, when the single-reference higher correlated QCISD methodology has been employed, the minimum A and the transition state TS2 are not found on the hypersurface of potential energy, which confirms a direct reaction mechanism. Single-reference high correlated and mu…

Reaction rateComputational MathematicsReaction mechanismHypersurfaceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsChemistryEnthalpyAb initioPhysical chemistryGeneral ChemistryPotential energyTransition stateJournal of Computational Chemistry
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