Search results for "Potential"
showing 10 items of 3348 documents
Neurophysiological evaluation of visual function in iRBD: potential role in stratifying RBD conversion risk.
2021
Abstract Study objectives To evaluate neurophysiological alterations of visual function in idiopathic REM sleep Behavior Disorder (iRBD) both as markers and predictors of neurodegenerative disorders. Methods In a longitudinal follow-up study of 46 consecutive iRBD patients (follow-up duration 8.4 ± 3.4 years), the baseline parameters in luminance-contrast pattern (VEPp), red-green color (VEPc) and motion-onset (VEPm) Visual Evoked Potentials in iRBD were compared to early (ePD) and advanced (aPD) Parkinson's Disease subjects. Parameters of latency and amplitude of iRBD converters to neurodegenerative disease were compared with those of the non-converters. Results The VEP P100 mean latency v…
Proton conductance of human transient receptor potential-vanilloid type-1 expressed in oocytes of Xenopus laevis and in Chinese hamster ovary cells.
2004
Transient receptor potential-vanilloid type-1 (TRPV1) is a ligand-gated cation channel with preference for divalent cations, especially Ca(2+) (sequence of conductances: Ca(2+)Mg(2+)Na(+) approximately/= K(+) approximately/= Cs(+)). In the present study, the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique was used on oocytes of Xenopus laevis expressing TRPV1 to evaluate whether human TRPV1 also conducts protons. In medium devoid of K(+), Na(+), Mg(2+), and Ca(2+), capsaicin 1 microM induced a significant inward current (62% of the current in physiological medium). The effects of capsaicin were abolished in the presence of capsazepine 3 microM. The capsaicin-induced currents in medium devoid of Na(+)…
Oxygen and glucose deprivation induces major dysfunction in the somatosensory cortex of the newborn rat
2005
The mechanisms and functional consequences of ischemia-induced injury during perinatal development are poorly understood. Subplate neurons (SPn) play a central role in early cortical development and a pathophysiological impairment of these neurons may have long-term detrimental effects on cortical function. The acute and long-term consequences of combined oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) were investigated in SPn and compared with OGD-induced dysfunction of immature layer V pyramidal cortical neurons (PCn) in somatosensory cortical slices from postnatal day (P)0-4 rats. OGD for 50 min followed by a 10-24-h period of normal oxygenation and glucose supply in vitro or in culture led to pron…
Minimal Lesions of the Small Intestinal Mucosa: More than Morphology
2020
Minimal lesions of the small bowel are mucosal changes characterized by an increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (with or without crypt hyperplasia) and normal villous architecture. Such changes are associated with a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from food intolerances to infections, and from drugs to immune diseases, with different clinical profiles and manifestations, which complicates the formulation of a differential diagnosis. Patient history, symptom evaluation, and histopathology are the diagnostic features needed to establish a correct diagnosis. Physicians should assist pathologists in formulating a precise morphological evaluation by taking well-oriented small int…
Use of the word "cured" for cancer patients-implications for patients and physicians: the Siracusa charter
2015
Long-term survival for adult patients with solid tumours continues to increase. For some cancers, the possibility of recurrence after a number of years is extremely low, and the risk of death becomes similar to that of the general population of the same sex and age. During the Fifth European Conference on Survivors and Chronic Cancer Patients held in Siracusa, Italy, June 2014, oncologists, general practitioners, epidemiologists, cancer patients and survivors, and patient advocates joined to discuss the possible use of the term “cured” in reference to some adult patients with solid tumours. The specific focus was the appropriateness of using the term in communicating with cancer patients, s…
Update in the Percutaneous Management of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusions
2018
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusions (CTOs) has been rapidly evolving during recent years. With improvement in equipment and techniques, high success rates can be achieved at experienced centers, although overall success rates remain low. Prospective, randomized-controlled data regarding optimal use and indications for CTO PCI remain limited. CTO PCI should be performed when the anticipated benefit exceeds the potential risk. New high-quality studies of the clinical outcomes and techniques of CTO PCI are needed, as is the expansion of expert centers and operators that can achieve excellent clinical outcomes in this challenging patient and lesion subgroup. In…
Antipsychotic drugs antagonize human serotonin type 3 receptor currents in a noncompetitive manner
2004
The serotonin type 3 (5-HT(3)) receptor is the only ligand-gated ion channel receptor for serotonin (5-HT). 5-HT(3) receptors play an important role in modulating the inhibitory action of dopamine in mesocorticolimbic brain regions. Neuroleptic drugs are commonly thought to exert their psychopharmacological action mainly through dopamine and serotonin type 2 (5-HT(2)) receptors. Except for clozapine, a direct pharmacological interaction of neuroleptics with 5-HT(3) receptors has not yet been described. Using the concentration-clamp technique, we investigated the effects of flupentixol, various phenothiazines, haloperidol, clozapine and risperidone on Na(+)-inward currents through 5-HT(3) re…
Enhanced inhibitory control during re-engagement processing in badminton athletes : An event-related potential study
2019
Highlights • Reaction time and event-related potentials of inhibitory control were compared in badminton experts and nonathletes. • Badminton experts showed enhanced inhibitory control and more efficient neural mechanisms. • Badminton experts performed better inhibitory control processing in re-engagement. • The re-engagement processing better demonstrated altered brain activity in badminton experts.
Conditioning effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation evoking motor‐evoked potential on V‐wave response
2014
Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the collision responsible for the volitional V‐wave evoked by supramaximal electrical stimulation of the motor nerve during voluntary contraction. V‐wave was conditioned by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the motor cortex at several inter‐stimuli intervals (ISI) during weak voluntary plantar flexions (n = 10) and at rest for flexor carpi radialis muscle (FCR; n = 6). Conditioning stimulations were induced by TMS with intensity eliciting maximal motor‐evoked potential (MEPmax). ISIs used were ranging from −20 to +20 msec depending on muscles tested. The results showed that, for triceps surae muscles, conditioning TMS increased the V‐…
Evidence for a respiration-modulated cholinergic action on the activity of medullary respiration-related neurons in the rabbit. An iontophoretic stud…
1989
Effects of the iontophoretically administered cholinergic agonists acetylcholine, bethanechol and DMPP on the activity of medullary respiration-related neurons were examined in urethane-anaesthetized rabbits. Inhibitory effects prevailed over excitatory effects. Analysis of cholinergic effects by cycle-triggered averaging revealed three major types of neuronal responses: (i) constant alterations of spike-density throughout the whole period of activity ("constant effects"), (ii) effects increasing during the progression of the burst of discharge or effects restricted to a particular fraction of the burst ("phasic effects") and (iii) effects which were characterized by an excitation during on…