Search results for "Potential"

showing 10 items of 3348 documents

Classifying Healthy Children and Children with Attention Deficit through Features Derived from Sparse and Nonnegative Tensor Factorization Using Even…

2010

In this study, we use features extracted by Nonnegative Tensor Factorization (NTF) from event-related potentials (ERPs) to discriminate healthy children and children with attention deficit (AD). The peak amplitude of an ERP has been extensively used to discriminate different groups of subjects for the clinical research. However, such discriminations sometimes fail because the peak amplitude may vary severely with the increased number of subjects and wider range of ages and it can be easily affected by many factors. This study formulates a framework, using NTF to extract features of the evoked brain activities from time-frequency represented ERPs. Through using the estimated features of a ne…

Amplitudebusiness.industryEvent-related potentialAttention deficitMismatch negativityPattern recognitionNonnegative matrixArtificial intelligenceNonnegative tensor factorizationbusinessOddball paradigmNon-negative matrix factorizationMathematics
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Stimulated Raman and Cars Spectroscopy of ν1 and 2ν2 (A1) Bands of 12CF4

1994

Two experimental coherent Raman techniques, stimulated Raman and coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS), were employed to study the Raman spectrum of CF 4 in the 900 cm −1 region. The stimulated Raman and CARS spectra of the ν 1 band of CF 4 were recorded at high resolution. The analysis of these spectra enabled some spectroscopic constants of this band to be refined and higher order constants to be determined for the first time. The first high-resolution CARS spectrum of the 2ν 2 (A 1 ) harmonic band is also presented. The rotational transitions of this band up to J = 40 were assigned and the first set of spectroscopic constants for this sub-level were determined. These results imp…

Analytical chemistryHigh resolutionCF4 LASER02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesQ-BRANCHSpectral lineREGIONABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPYsymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesVibrational bandsSPECTRAGeneral Materials ScienceStimulated ramanCoherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopyStimulated emissionPOTENTIAL FUNCTIONRADIOFREQUENCY DOUBLE-RESONANCESpectroscopySpectroscopy010304 chemical physicsMOLECULAR LASERSChemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRESOLUTION INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPYsymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyDOUBLE-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
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Application of a Novel Refinement Method for Accurate Determination of Chemical Diffusion Coefficients in Electroactive Materials by Potential Step T…

2005

We describe application of a novel refinement method for an accurate determination of the chemical diffusion coefficient, D, and the generalized kinetic parameter, A, from experimental potentiostatic intermittent titration technique (PITT) data suited for a variety of electrochemically doped electroactive polymers and inorganic intercalation host materials. The proposed, simple, two-step refinement procedure, based on earlier derived analytical expressions for the PITT response, is exemplified by the analysis of chronoamperometric responses to small-amplitude potential perturbation for p- and n-doped poly(fluorenone-bithiophene) (PFDOBT-HH) thin film electrode. The initial p-doping and the …

Analytical chemistryThermodynamics02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryKinetic energy01 natural sciencesSolution of Schrödinger equation for a step potential[CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistryMaterials ChemistryElectrochemistryElectroactive polymers[CHIM]Chemical SciencesDiffusion (business)Ohmic contactComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSchemistry.chemical_classificationRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentTime constantPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/PolymerschemistryElectrode0210 nano-technology
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Laser-evoked potentials for assessment of nociceptive pathways in humans

1998

I n their Focus article, Chen, Arendt-Nielsen, and Plaghki [8] provide a comprehensive review of the . literature o~ human evoked potentials that ~re elicited by noxious heat, usually generated by Infrared laser stimulators. From this review, we identified four issues that may deserve a comment: (1) Standardize the experiment or its scientific report? (2) Nociception and pain. (3) What do laser-evoked potentials (LEPs) really measure? (4) Rational clinical use. For the sake of brevity, we do not attempt to quote all relevant literature; a complete literature survey can be found in a recent review paper by Bromm and Lorenz [4].

Anesthesiology and Pain MedicineNociceptionLaser-Evoked PotentialsGeneral NeuroscienceMeasure (physics)Neurology (clinical)Literature surveyPsychologyNeurosciencePain Forum
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Pain modulates early sensory brain responses to task‐irrelevant emotional faces

2023

Background Pain can have a significant impact on an individual's life, as it has both cognitive and affective consequences. However, our understanding of how pain affects social cognition is limited. Previous studies have shown that pain, as an alarm stimulus, can disrupt cognitive processing when focal attention is required, but whether pain also affects task-irrelevant perceptual processing is unclear. Methods We examined the effect of laboratory-induced pain on event-related potentials (ERPs) to neutral, sad, and happy faces before, during, and after a cold pressor pain. ERPs reflecting different stages of visual processing (P1, N170, and P2) were analyzed. Results Pain decreased the P1 …

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicineevent-related potentialtunteetfacial emotionsosiaalinen kognitiokrooninen kipukipupainhavaitseminensocial cognitionEEGsensory responsekasvontunnistus (kognitio)
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The planar two-body problem for spheroids and disks

2021

We outline a new method suggested by Conway (2016) for solving the two-body problem for solid bodies of spheroidal or ellipsoidal shape. The method is based on integrating the gravitational potential of one body over the surface of the other body. When the gravitational potential can be analytically expressed (as for spheroids or ellipsoids), the gravitational force and mutual gravitational potential can be formulated as a surface integral instead of a volume integral, and solved numerically. If the two bodies are infinitely thin disks, the surface integral has an analytical solution. The method is exact as the force and mutual potential appear in closed-form expressions, and does not invol…

Angular momentumInertial frame of reference010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesFOS: Physical sciencesTwo-body problem01 natural sciencesVolume integralGravitational potential0103 physical sciences010303 astronomy & astrophysicsMathematical Physics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)PhysicsVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430Applied MathematicsSurface integralEquations of motionAstronomy and AstrophysicsComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)EllipsoidComputational MathematicsClassical mechanicsSpace and Planetary ScienceModeling and SimulationPhysics - Computational PhysicsAstrophysics - Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsCelestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
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The Ã 1Au state and the T2 potential surface of acetylene: Implications for triplet perturbations in the fluorescence spectra of the à state

1996

The cis–trans isomerization reaction on the T2 surface of acetylene and the lowest excited singlet state of acetylene, A 1Au, are investigated by ab initio electronic structure theory. We report optimized geometries, dipole moments, and harmonic vibrational frequencies of stationary points and adiabatic energy differences between them using basis sets as large as triple‐ζ plus double polarization with higher angular momentum functions, TZ(2df,2pd), and theoretical methods up to coupled‐cluster singles and doubles with a perturbative triples correction [CCSD(T)] and the equation‐of‐motion coupled‐cluster method (EOM‐CCSD). Our theoretical predictions should aid the interpretation of observat…

Angular momentumZeeman effectChemistryAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureQuantum chemistryPotential energyDipolesymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundAcetylenePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Protection by extra virgin olive oil against oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. Chemical and biological studies on the health benefits due to a m…

2017

Abstract We report the results of in vivo studies in Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes in which addition of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) to their diet significantly increased their life span with respect to the control group. Furthermore, when nematodes were exposed to the pesticide paraquat, they started to die after two days, but after the addition of EVOO to their diet, both survival percentage and lifespans of paraquat-exposed nematodes increased. Since paraquat is associated with superoxide radical production, a test for scavenging this radical was performed using cyclovoltammetry and the EVOO efficiently scavenged the superoxide. Thus, a linear correlation (y = -0.0838x +19.73, regres…

Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Cycle; Cell Line; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Olive Oil; Oxidative Stress; Paraquat; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Diet Mediterranean0301 basic medicineAntioxidantmedicine.medical_treatmentlcsh:MedicineMediterraneanmedicine.disease_causeDiet MediterraneanBiochemistryAntioxidantsMonocytesMyoblastschemistry.chemical_compoundWhite Blood Cells0302 clinical medicineParaquatGalvinoxylSuperoxidesAnimal CellsPlant ProductsMedicine and Health SciencesElectrochemistryFood sciencelcsh:Sciencechemistry.chemical_classificationMultidisciplinarySuperoxideStem CellsCell CycleAgricultureOxidesLipidsPeroxidesHydroperoxideChemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPhysical SciencesCellular TypesResearch ArticleParaquatImmune CellsImmunologyIn Vitro TechniquesSettore BIO/09Vegetable OilsCell Line03 medical and health sciencesmedicineAnimalsHumansSettore BIO/10Caenorhabditis elegansOlive OilReactive oxygen speciesBlood CellsElectrode Potentialslcsh:RElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyChemical CompoundsBiology and Life SciencesCell BiologyAgronomyDietRatsTyrosolOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologychemistryHydroxytyrosollcsh:QReactive Oxygen SpeciesOilsOxidative stressCrop Science
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Anionic Lipids Modulate the Activity of the Aquaglyceroporin GlpF

2015

AbstractThe structure and composition of a biological membrane can severely influence the activity of membrane-embedded proteins. Here, we show that the E. coli aquaglyceroporin GlpF has only little activity in lipid bilayers formed from native E. coli lipids. Thus, at first glance, GlpF appears to not be optimized for its natural membrane environment. In fact, we found that GlpF activity was severely affected by negatively charged lipids regardless of the exact chemical nature of the lipid headgroup, whereas GlpF was not sensitive to changes in the lateral membrane pressure. These observations illustrate a potential mechanism by which the activity of an α-helical membrane protein is modula…

AnionsLiposomeMembranesEscherichia coli ProteinsBiophysicsAquaporinBiological membraneBiologyAquaporinsLipidsCell biologyMembraneMembrane proteinNegative chargeLiposomesEscherichia colilipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Lipid bilayerPotential mechanismBiophysical Journal
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Facilitated Anion Transport Induces Hyperpolarization of the Cell Membrane That Triggers Differentiation and Cell Death in Cancer Stem Cells

2015

Facilitated anion transport potentially represents a powerful tool to modulate various cellular functions. However, research into the biological effects of small molecule anionophores is still at an early stage. Here we have used two potent anionophore molecules inspired in the structure of marine metabolites tambjamines to gain insight into the effect induced by these compounds at the cellular level. We show how active anionophores, capable of facilitating the transmembrane transport of chloride and bicarbonate in model phospholipid liposomes, induce acidification of the cytosol and hyperpolarization of plasma cell membranes. We demonstrate how this combined effect can be used against canc…

AnionsPHPhysiologyCellular differentiationTRANSMEMBRANE TRANSPORTChemistry OrganicFisiologiaPROGRESSIONApoptosisNanotechnologyStem cellsBiochemistryCatalysisCell LineMembrane PotentialsCell membraneColloid and Surface ChemistryCancer stem cellBINDINGPathologymedicineHumansSYNTHETIC ION CHANNELSMembrane potentialIon TransportANALOGSChemistryCHLORIDE TRANSPORTCell MembraneApoptosiQuímica orgánicaCell DifferentiationMICROBIOLOGIAGeneral ChemistryHyperpolarization (biology)Membrane transportCARRIERSPatologiaAPOPTOSISCell biologyCytosolmedicine.anatomical_structureLiposomesCancer cellNeoplastic Stem CellsCèl·lules mareJournal of the American Chemical Society
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