Search results for "Potential"

showing 10 items of 3348 documents

An ab initio CI study on the rotational barrier of the allyl anion

1986

All-electron and pseudopotential non-empirical calculations have been performed on C 2v and C s (syn, anti) allyl anion conformations. Using a double-zeta valence-shell basis set within the Epstein-Nesbet definition of the unperturbed Hamiltonian, a value about 19 kcal/mol is found for the barrier to rotation of the allyl anion. This value is the theoretical value obtained with greater accuracy, and the lowest one for the rotational barrier.

ChemistryAb initioConfiguration interactionRotational barrierIonPseudopotentialsymbols.namesakeCrystallographyComputational chemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsChiropracticsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Basis setCarbanionTheoretica Chimica Acta
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Geometric Structure and Torsional Potential of Biisothianaphthene. A Comparative DFT and ab Initio Study

1997

We present a study of the torsional potential of biisothianaphthene and compare it to that of bithiophene. The calculations are performed at the ab initio and semiempirical Hartree−Fock (HF), ab initio post-Hartree−Fock, and density functional theory (DFT) levels. Our study has two major aims:  (i) on the physico-chemical side, to asses the optimal conformation of biisothianaphthene and evaluate the rotational barriers toward coplanar structures and (ii) on the methodological side, to asses the usefulness of DFT approaches. In contrast to previous estimates, the torsional potential of biisothianaphthene is found to differ markedly from that of bithiophene. For biisothianaphthene, strongly r…

ChemistryAb initioStructure (category theory)General ChemistryBiochemistryMolecular physicsCatalysisCrystalColloid and Surface ChemistryComputational chemistryPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersDensity functional theoryTorsional potentialConformational isomerismJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Laser cleaning of oxide iron layer : efficiency enhancement due to electrochemical induced absorptivity change

1999

Laser cleaning experiments exhibited a higher cleaning efficiency of the laser cleaning upon application of electrochemical potential on an oxidised iron surface. The objective of this study is to clarify the role of such an electrochemical control on cleaning efficiency. Therefore a study by optical spectrometry at normal incidence in the relevant conditions was performed. From these measurements the optical parameters n and k were deduced. While n is mainly not affected, k changes for a factor of 10 upon application of an electrochemical potential. These results explain the differences in laser cleaning efficiency due to the modified absorption length.

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryAttenuation lengthOxideGeneral ChemistryMolar absorptivityLaserElectrochemistryMass spectrometrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawGeneral Materials Scienceddc:530pacs:78.20.CiLayer (electronics)pacs:81.65.Cfpacs:81.65.MqElectrochemical potential
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Energy landscapes of ligand-receptor couples probed by dynamic force spectroscopy.

2013

Playing a dominant role in many biochemical processes are the dynamic properties of molecular linkages; examples include cell adhesion, enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and molecular recognition by antibodies. Dynamic force spectroscopy, namely separating molecular bonds under external force ramps has rapidly become a powerful tool to study the rugged energy landscape of noncovalent ligand-receptor bonds. The picture shows a surface and tip-bound pair being pulled apart and the derived potential energy diagram.

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryEnergy landscapeProteinsLigand (biochemistry)LigandsMicroscopy Atomic ForcePotential energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDynamic force spectroscopyKineticsMolecular recognitionChemical physicsCovalent bondPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEnergy (signal processing)Protein BindingChemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry
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Electrical impedance spectroscopy of ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate (ECOENG™ 110)

2011

Abstract Ionic liquid “ECOENG™ 110”, a promising electrolyte for electrochemical devices, was investigated by impedance spectroscopy. Metallic electrodes (Pt, Cu, Ag, and Mo) as well as carbon were used for the electrochemical characterization. The dependences of the real and imaginary impedance, polarization resistance and electrochemical capacity of the double layer on the electrode potential were investigated using electrical equivalent circuits of R1(QR2) and R1[Q(R2W)] types.

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryElectrolyteCondensed Matter PhysicsElectrochemistryDielectric spectroscopychemistry.chemical_compoundIonic liquidEquivalent circuitGeneral Materials SciencePolarization (electrochemistry)Electrical impedanceElectrode potentialSolid State Ionics
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Fourier-transform spectroscopy of (4)1Σ+→A 1Σ+−b 3Π,A 1Σ+−b 3Π →X1Σ+, and (1)3Δ1→bΠ0±3 transitions in KCs and deperturbation treatment ofA 1Σ+andb 3Π…

2013

High resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy data of term values in the spin-orbit (SO) coupled first excited A 1Σ+ and b 3Π states in KCs were obtained from (4)1Σ+ → A 1Σ+ − b 3Π, A 1Σ+ − b 3Π → X1Σ+, and (1)3Δ1→bΠ0±3 spectra of laser-induced fluorescence (LIF). About 3000 new rovibronic term values of the A 1Σ+ and b3ΠΩ states were obtained with an uncertainty about 0.01 cm−1 and added to the previously obtained 3439 term values in Kruzins et al. [Phys. Rev. A 81, 042509 (2010)] and 30 term values of the b3Π0+ state levels below the A 1Σ+ state in Tamanis et al. [Phys. Rev. A 82, 032506 (2010)]. The data field was extended considerably, going down to vibrational level vb = 0 and up in e…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyInfrared spectroscopyFourier transform spectroscopySpectral linesymbols.namesakeFourier transformIsotopes of potassiumExcited statesymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsSpectroscopyMorse potentialThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Tansy fruit mediated greener synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles

2010

Abstract In this paper we have reported the green synthesis of silver (AgNPs) and gold (AuNPs) nanoparticles by reduction of silver nitrate and chloroauric acid solutions, respectively, using fruit extract of Tanacetum vulgare ; commonly found plant in Finland. The process for the synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs is rapid, novel and ecofriendly. Formation of the AgNPs and AuNPs were confirmed by surface plasmon spectra using UV–Vis spectrophotometer and absorbance peaks at 452 and 546 nm. Different tansy fruit extract concentration (TFE), silver and gold ion concentration, temperature and contact times were experimented in the synthesis of AgNPs and AuNPs. The properties of prepared nanoparticl…

ChemistryAnalytical chemistryNanoparticleBioengineeringApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryAbsorbancechemistry.chemical_compoundSilver nitrateColloidal goldChloroauric acidZeta potentialFourier transform infrared spectroscopyMetal nanoparticlesNuclear chemistryProcess Biochemistry
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On the approximation of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian in single-reference and multireference coupled cluster theory

2012

Abstract We consider the recursive single commutator (RSC) approximation of the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff expansion introduced by Yanai and Chan [T. Yanai, G.K.-L. Chan, J. Chem. Phys. 124 (2006) 194106] and apply it in order to approximate the similarity transformation of the Hamiltonian in both traditional and unitary coupled cluster theory. The equilibrium bond distance, harmonic vibrational frequency, and anharmonic constant of H2, HF, N2, CuH, and Cu2 were computed using the coupled cluster approach with single and double excitations (CCSD) and CCSD with the RSC approximation of the similarity-transformed Hamiltonian (CCSD-RSC). Our results demonstrate that the RSC approximation introdu…

ChemistryAnharmonicityGeneral Physics and AstronomyPotential energyMatrix similarityBond lengthsymbols.namesakeCoupled clusterQuantum mechanicsMolecular vibrationPotential energy surfacesymbolsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Chemical Physics
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Neural inflammation alters synaptic plasticity probed by 10 Hz repetitive magnetic stimulation

2020

ABSTRACTSystemic inflammation is associated with alterations in complex brain functions such as learning and memory. However, diagnostic approaches to functionally assess and quantify inflammation-associated alterations in synaptic plasticity are not well-established. In previous work, we demonstrated that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation alters the ability of hippocampal neurons to express synaptic plasticity, i.e., the long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory neurotransmission. Here, we tested whether synaptic plasticity induced by repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used in clinical practice, is affected by L…

ChemistryBrain stimulationSynaptic plasticityExcitatory postsynaptic potentialStimulationTumor necrosis factor alphaLong-term potentiationNeurotransmissionHippocampal formationNeuroscience
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High resolution spectroscopy and potential determination of the (3)1Pi state of NaCs.

2006

The (3)(1)Pi state of the NaCs molecule was studied by high resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy. The (3)(1)Pi--X (1)Sigma(+) laser induced fluorescence was excited by an Ar(+) ion laser or by a single-mode frequency-doubled cw Nd:YAG laser. The presence of argon buffer gas yielded rich rotational relaxation spectra allowing to enlarge the data set for the (3)(1)Pi state term values, as well as to observe Lambda splittings in a wide range of vibrational (v(')) and rotational (J(')) quantum numbers. The data field includes about 820 energy levels of (3)(1)Pi NaCs in the range from v(')=0 to 37 and from J(')=3 to 190, which corresponds to ca. 95% of the potential well depth. Direct fit o…

ChemistryBuffer gasGeneral Physics and AstronomyIon laserQuantum numberLaserPotential energylaw.inventionlawExcited statePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsLaser-induced fluorescenceSpectroscopyThe Journal of chemical physics
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