Search results for "Poverty"
showing 10 items of 492 documents
Overview and future challenges of nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB) design in Southern Europe
2017
In times of great transition of the European construction sector to energy efficient and nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB), a market observation containing qualitative and quantitative indications should help to fill out some of the current gaps concerning the EU 2020 carbon targets. Next to the economic challenges, there are equally important factors that hinder renovating the existing residential building stock and adding newly constructed high performance buildings. Under these circumstances this paper summarises the findings of a cross-comparative study of the societal and technical barriers of nZEB implementation in 7 Southern European countries. The study analyses the present situat…
Introduction of the circular economy within developing regions: A comparative analysis of advantages and opportunities for waste valorization
2018
The introduction of effective solid waste management strategies in developing countries should be considered for improving sustainability at global level. Many barriers should be overcome, concerning the introduction of environmental policies, effective investments, social inclusion and public awareness, which are significant issues in low-middle income countries. The Circular Economy could represent the answer for improving current solid waste management activities worldwide, since denote the principle of waste valorization and recycling for boosting developing economies. This paper is focused on this theme, analyzing main opportunities for improving the current state of solid waste manage…
Burden of injury along the development spectrum: associations between the Socio-demographic Index and disability-adjusted life year estimates from th…
2020
Incluye: Correction: Burden of injury along the development spectrum: associations between the Socio-demographic Index and disability-adjusted life year estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Inj Prev. 2020 Oct;26(Supp 1):i164. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043296corr1. Epub 2020 Sep 28. PMID: 32989004 Background: The epidemiological transition of non-communicable diseases replacing infectious diseases as the main contributors to disease burden has been well documented in global health literature. Less focus, however, has been given to the relationship between sociodemographic changes and injury. The aim of this study was to examine the association between disability-adjuste…
Rural livelihood diversification: a solution for poverty in the post‐Soviet rural Baltic states?
2019
This article analyses rural livelihood diversification through a longitudinal follow‐up survey, that targets former collective farm workers in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. It argues, that between 1995 and 2010 the former collective farm workers employed three distinct livelihood diversification strategies in order to create their living. A wage‐based livelihood diversification strategy, which does not include any agricultural practices, was more common among the better‐off households. A farm‐based livelihood diversification strategy, which does not rely on salaries, was more often employed by the poor. A mixed strategy, that combines both wage income and farm activities, was used by both …
Social exclusion and poverty in the European Union
2016
La política social siempre ha sido un pilar fundamental de la Unión Europea. La exclusión social y la pobreza son dos problemas interrelacionados cuyos efectos se pretenden reducir mediante la toma de medidas impulsadas por la Estrategia 2020. El estudio de los distintos factores que condicionan estas dinámicas y de las particularidades del territorio en cuestión permitirá evaluar los resultados obtenidos hasta el momento y realizar un balance de las medidas llevadas a cabo por la UE en sus Estados miembros. Social policy has always been a fundamental pillar of the European Union. Social exclusion and poverty are two problems interrelated whose effects are intended to be reduced by the Euro…
Exemplification and Exemplars, Effects of
2008
The term “exemplification effect” describes the influence of illustrating and aggregating case descriptions in media presentations on the recipients' perceptions of issues. Aggregating case descriptions emerges whenever media coverage presents any kind of generalizing claim about natural or social phenomena and an arbitrarily selected sample of single cases to illustrate the issue at hand. General claims (e.g., “growing poverty in society”) often are supported by presenting quantitative information (so-called “base-rate information”) about a large number of cases (e.g., statistics about poverty; Statistics, Descriptive). Keywords: Communication Reception and Effects; Persuasion and Social …
Expansion of private secondary education : lessons from recent experience in Tanzania
2000
International audience; The private sector's role in education has been the subject of much analysis and policy debate in recent years. In developing countries, public resources for education are limited and governments have traditionnally relied on private education, particularly at the post-basic levels, to meet the excess demand for education. Even when excess demand is not a major issue, advocates of private education note that private schools can be more efficient than their public sector counterparts, delivering more value in terms of student achievement per investment of resources. In this article we explore Tanzania's experience with private education during the early 1990s, a perio…
The Invisible Violence of Celebrity Humanitarianism: Soft Images and Hard Words in the Making and Unmaking of Africa
2009
Through their actions to eliminate extreme poverty and preventable diseases in Africa, Irish musicians Robert (Bob) Geldof and Bono (Paul David Hewson) today form a visible and celebrated centre in the world of humanitarianism as political activists,' celebrity diplomats,' global Samaritans,' men who, to quote former World Bank President Paul Wolfowitz, rock the establishment' (TIME 13.11.2006). Their contemporary calls to make poverty history' in Africa are so widely repeated and commonsensical that questions about the exceptionality of this humanitarian action itself rarely arise. In fact, despite the increasing visibility of celebrity humanitarianism, no research on their representa…
Systemic financial crises and the housing market cycle
2017
Using quarterly data for a group of 20 industrialized countries and both continuous- and discrete-time duration models, we show that financial crisis recessions are associated with a two- to three-fold increase in the likelihood of the end of a housing boom. Additionally, recessions preceded by booms in mortgage credit are especially damaging, as their occurrence coincides with an increase in the duration of housing market slumps of almost 90%.
“If you take away my phone, you take away my life...” Community Narratives about the Social Implications of Mobile phone Usage for Livelihood Security
2019
Smallholder farmers in developing regions like sub-Saharan Africa still grapple with development challenges like poverty, illiteracy, food insecurity, poor infrastructures like roads and limited access to learning opportunities. Moreover, amidst all these challenges, these possess mobile phones as they continuously engage in diverse livelihood activities. Echoed in previous research, mobile phones are the most diffused technologies available in many rural communities. Yet, most mobile technological interventions are urban-based projects neglecting rural locales in harnessing mobile phone usage. More so, mobile for development research uses quantitative methods which limits proper interrogat…