Search results for "Poverty"

Malthusian checks in pre-industrial Sweden and Finland: a comparative analysis of the demographic regimes

2015

In this article, the existence of the Malthusian preventive and positive checks in pre-industrial Sweden and Finland are studied using demographic and economic data from circa 1750–1860. By applying time series analysis, we are able to identify strong preventive and positive checks for Sweden. The preventive check is considered to work both directly through births and indirectly through marriages. Although the Finnish data also indicate the existence of the preventive check, the positive check is only detected with differenced data. Our findings contradict the initial hypothesis that, due to poverty, Finland would display a higher sensitivity of mortality to living standards than Sweden. In…

Impact of micro hydropower (MHP) based electrification on rural livelihoods : case study Nam Mong in Luang Prabang province, Lao PDR

2009

Językowo-kulturowy obraz kulinariów w paremiach śląskich

2017

Food, as one of the most important components of human existence, in addition to its primary function associated with satisfying hunger, is also an element of culture. Specific beliefs, culinary habits, and even superstitious magical practices were created around this issue over the centuries. Food and its names are also an essential element of language, as evidenced by numerous linguistic studies devoted to this part of Polish vocabulary. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss selected Silesian maxims that include words belonging to the culinary category, understood as ready meals, which are a product of culinary arts, or as everything that is connected with preparing and cooking …

The significance of student voice: female students’ interpretations of failure in Tanzanian secondary education

2014

Abstract: In Tanzania, the national examinations are used as the primary tools for selection and transition from lower to upper secondary education. Female students are more likely to fail in the national exams and to drop out from education. This article examines the perspectives of female students concerning their advancement in secondary education. Two sets of qualitative data, responses to a research questionnaire from 100 female lower secondary school students and follow-up interviews with seven mature students enrolled in a non-formal school who had failed in the national examinations, were analysed to identify critical issues influencing the educational advancement of female students…

Living in Dignity in the XXIst Century: Poverty and Inequality, a paradox in Societies of Rights and Democracy?

2013

In 2010, The Council of Europe Social Cohesion, Research and Early Warning Division and the Directorate General of Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion of European Commission launched the project entitled "Human rights of people experiencing poverty". This Guide is therefore the outcome of the meetings, exchanges of experiencex and theoretical discussions between more than 50 experts from academic, associative and trade union circles, and from individuals who, for various reasons, can be regarded as direct witness of contemporary poverty. Part I of this guide begins with the analysis of the inequalities in wealth distribution and of their effects in terms of insecurity and rising povert…

Early marriage and cultural constructions of adulthood in two slums in Dar es Salaam.

2018

This study examines under-18 marriage in urban Tanzania from an ethnographic perspective. Due to poverty and high unemployment, some girls aspire to early marriage. Two pathways to early marriage are identified: first, poverty and gendered economic disparities motivate girls to begin transactional sexual activity at an early age, leading parents to favour early marriage as a risk-reduction measure. Second, educational opportunities are often closed off to girls before marriage, as a result of which early marriage becomes the only culturally approved pathway that allows girls to present themselves to others as a self-sufficient agent. These pathways are reinforced by cultural and religious c…

Horizon 2000 : prévisions des dépenses d'éducation primaire dans les pays en développement

1990

The aim of the present article is to provide a statistical assessmentof the amount of public money developing countries will nedd to spend in order to meet the estimated demand for primary education in the year 2000 and to evaluate the cost of providing universal primary education by that date.

Hunger and sustainability

2019

This paper examines the problem of world hunger and discusses potential solutions to it. It reflects on the debate about whether transgenic foods should be used, which is more of a social controversy than a scientific one. Sustainability is considered a key driver for innovation that can be used as a basis for assessing the problem of hunger in the world, and the question is inseparable from its ethical aspects. Given that economic growth does not directly equate to human development, this paper states that it is necessary to address the problem of poverty and hunger from the capacity development framework according to human rights. Poverty causes disability by limiting human development; i…

The Low Dimensionality of Development

2020

AbstractThe World Bank routinely publishes over 1500 “World Development Indicators” to track the socioeconomic development at the country level. A range of indices has been proposed to interpret this information. For instance, the “Human Development Index” was designed to specifically capture development in terms of life expectancy, education, and standard of living. However, the general question which independent dimensions are essential to capture all aspects of development still remains open. Using a nonlinear dimensionality reduction approach we aim to extract the core dimensions of development in a highly efficient way. We find that more than 90% of variance in the WDIs can be represen…

Menores inmigrantes no acompañados, las orillas de la vulnerabilidad, estatus de irregulares y su tratamiento al llegar a España

2018

Different migration processes have been carried out in history, which usually travel in conditions of vulnerability and undermine the dignity of people. Therefore, currently, the migration of unaccompanied minors shakes the receiving society; it is a defenseless population group that is exposed to situations of vulnerability. Unaccompanied immigrant minors and in an irregular situation, whether adolescents, girls or boys, are faced with a dream to improve their lives and those of their families that they left in their country; this is a very dangerous journey where, during the crossing, they are condemned to risk situations and adventures, without the support and safety of their families. T…