Search results for "Precipitation"

Regional frequency analysis of extreme precipitation for Sicily (Italy)

2016

The analysis of extreme precipitation has always been included among most relevant hydrological applications because of the several important activities linked to the availability of tools for the estimation of extreme rainfall quantiles. These activities include the design of hydraulic civil structures and the evaluation and management of hydraulic and hydrological risk. In this study a frequency analysis of annual maxima precipitation measurements has been carried out for the area of Sicily (Italy). A typical hierarchical regional approach has been adopted for the parameter estimation procedure based on the L-moments method. The identification of homogeneous regions within the procedure h…

Evaluation and comparison of satellite precipitation estimates with reference to a local area

2011

Precipitation is one major variable for many applications. Satellite retrieval systems, raingauge network and radar systems are complement to each other in terms of their coverage and capability of monitoring precipitation. Satellite rainfall estimates systems produce data with global coverage that can provide information in areas for which data from other sources are unavailable.Without referring to ground measurement, satellite-based estimates can be bias. Although some gauged adjusted satellite precipitation products are developed, an effective way of integrating multi-sources of precipitation information is still a challenge. In this study we select a specific area in Sicily (Italy) hav…

ON THE PERFORMANC E OF A TAYLOR-COUETTE REACTOR FOR NANO-PARTICLE PRECIPITATION

2009

CFD-PBM simulation of Mg(OH)2 precipitation from saltwork brine

2021

Recovery of magnesium hydroxide from real bitterns

SELECTIVE CRYSTALLISATION OF MAGNESIUM AND CALCIUM HYDROXIDES FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE BRINES: A PILOT STUDY

2021

In the last years, a rising interest has been focused on the valorization of waste brines from industrial processes, such as desalination plants. In most current scenarios, waste brines are disposed directly, or after being treated, into a receiving water bodies, often causing environmental concerns and, more importantly, renouncing to the possibility of using such a waste as source of valuable raw materials. In fact, these brines are typically rich in useful salts and minerals, whose recovery can increase the environmental and economical sustainability of the industrial process [1-2]. The ZERO BRINE EU-H2020 project aims at the development of technologies for the recovery of salts, mineral…

Design of a novel membrane-integrated waste acid recovery process from pickling solution

2019

Abstract Hydrochloric acid pickling is a common practice in steel manufacturing industry. During the process, acid is consumed to dissolve surface oxides and metals ions are accumulated in the solution, which becomes less effective with time. In addition, the costly and risky waste acid disposal is another issue affecting the hot-dip galvanizing industry. In this work, a novel sustainable waste acid recovery process from pickling solutions based on circular approach is proposed to tackle these issues. The innovative system allows (i) the continuous regeneration of pickling solutions to enhance process rate and performance and (ii) minimise the highly expensive and environmentally risky wast…

Reactive crystallisation process for magnesium recovery from concentrated brines

2014

Seawater brines, generated either by natural or anthropic processes, often cause significant environmental issues related to their disposal. A clear example is the case of brines from desalination plants, which can have severe environmental impacts on the receiving water body. On the other side, brines can represent a rich and appealing source of raw materials, especially when they are very concentrated, as it happens with bitterns (i.e. exhausted brines) produced in saltworks. In particular, magnesium concentration can reach values up to 30-40 kg/m3 of brine, which is 20-30 times that of typical seawater. An experimental campaign has been carried out in the present work for assessing the p…

EURO-CORDEX regional climate model simulation of precipitation on Scottish islands (1971-2000): model performance and implications for decision-makin…

2017

Due to their scale and complex topography, islands such as the Hebrides and Shetland Islands are not completely resolved by global climate models, which may impact the quality of data that can be provided about future climate in such locations. In principle, dynamical downscaling may provide helpful additional detail about future local climate. However, there is also the potential for error and uncertainty to cascade through to the regional simulation. Here, we evaluate the simulative skill of the EURO-CORDEX regional climate model ensemble on regional and local scales in the Hebrides and Shetland Islands, and consider the potential for such models to aid decision-making in island settings,…

Biological Nutrient Removal Model No. 2 (BNRM2): a general model for wastewater treatment plants

2013

This paper presents the plant-wide model Biological Nutrient Removal Model No. 2 (BNRM2). Since nitrite was not considered in the BNRM1, and this previous model also failed to accurately simulate the anaerobic digestion because precipitation processes were not considered, an extension of BNRM1 has been developed. This extension comprises all the components and processes required to simulate nitrogen removal via nitrite and the formation of the solids most likely to precipitate in anaerobic digesters. The solids considered in BNRM2 are: struvite, amorphous calcium phosphate, hidroxyapatite, newberite, vivianite, strengite, variscite, and calcium carbonate. With regard to nitrogen removal via…