Search results for "Prehistory"
showing 10 items of 4397 documents
Sanctuaire de source, sanctuaire des eaux ou simple sanctuaire en milieu humide ? Découverte d’un complexe cultuel antique à Magny-Cours (Nièvre)
2013
In advance of the future extension of the “technopole” and the construction of a service station in the district of Magny-Cours, the undertaking of two evaluations covering 15 hectares and 4 hectares, respectively, has revealed dense occupation of the site from the Neolithic period to the Middle Ages. The most important remains are associated with the Roman period and belong to a complex endowed with public buildings including several temples in an organised arrangement. This paper, preliminary to a larger study that will report on the whole of the site, is concerned specifically with the results obtained in a waterlogged area comprised within a zone that was excluded from the rescue excava…
Représenter les dynamiques urbaines de Tours antique et médiéval
2012
ToToPI, for Topography of Tours Pre-Industrial, is a GIS for studying of the city of Tours (France) in large time span. The aim of this paper is to explain how GIS is used for historical data processing to understand time-space dynamics. The proposed principle for understanding the urban dynamic is based on considering the town as a set of complex objects, taking a systemic approach. The town system used to study the urban fabric over large time spans is composed of three sub-systems relating to historical objects from the level of the excavation to that of the former urban space: function (social use), space (location, surface area and morphology) and time (dating, duration and chronology)…
Anthropogenic travertine between History, Archaeology and Environment: a geoarchaeological study of the Roman site of Jebel Oust, Tunisia.
2013
Travertine, known as lapis tiburtinus during Roman times, are continental limestones precipitated in calcareous environments from thermal waters of hot springs (travertine) or cool waters of karstic springs (calcareous tufa). This phenomenon is well-known during Classical Antiquity and had been described by several ancient authors (Strabo, Pliny the Elder, Vitruvius) who depicted a stone that forms extremely rapidly, a stone that outlines the landscape and which is largely used for construction (e.g. The Colosseum in Roma, the Greek temple at Segesta in Sicily). These deposits are widespread on Earth’s surface showing various morphologies and are great sedimentary records of climatic and hy…
Morphometrics of Second Iron Age ceramics - strengths, weaknesses, and comparison with traditional typology.
2014
12 pages; International audience; Although the potential of geometric morphometrics for the study of archaeological artefacts is recognised, quantitative evaluations of the concordance between such methods and traditional typology are rare. The present work seeks to fill this gap, using as a case study a corpus of 154 complete ceramic vessels from the Bibracte oppidum (France), the capital of the Celtic tribe Aedui from the Second Iron Age. Two outline-based approaches were selected: the Elliptic Fourier Analysis and the Discrete Cosine Transform. They were combined with numerous methods of standardisation/normalisation. Although standardisations may use either perimeter or surface, the res…
Néolithique. Les villages de Chalain & Clairvaux, patrimoine de l’humanité
2021
This book accompanies the exhibition « Neolithic. The villages of Chalain & Clairvaux, heritage of humanity ». The history of research on the different stations on the shores of Chalain and Clairvaux is retraced, in particular the work directed by Pierre and Anne-Marie Pétrequin over the past fifty years. The inscription of these sites on the UNESCO World Heritage List, within the serial property "Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps" is explained. The book then addresses the daily life in these neolithic villages around five themes: consuming the wild, agriculture and livestock, construction, daily life in the house, exchanges and innovations. Finally, the issue of preservation of si…
OH_FET: a computer application for analysing urban dynamics over long time spans
2015
International audience; OH_FET formalism has been designed to analyse urban fabric over long time spans (Lefebvre et al., 2008; Rodier and Saligny, 2010; Rodier et al., 2010). The conceptual model is founded on the idea of historical object (OH – objet historique) which is defined as the Cartesian product of three elementary dimensions: social use (what), space (where) and time (when). Processes are performed in Python programming language and data are stored in various kinds of spatial database. With a minimum of required data from archaeologists’ observations, the application allows users to automate the calculation of standardised indicators about urban transformations and to generate gr…
Indésirables mais utiles : la gestion des eaux dans la périphérie urbaine d'Augustonemetum / Clermont-Ferrand (fin du Ier s. - IVe s. ap. J.-C.)
2020
International audience
Bibracte et Autun au début de l'époque romaine : pour un regard croisé sur l'urbanisme et l'architecture
2011
La présente contribution vise à mettre en regard la fin de l'occupation de Bibracte et le début de celle d'Augustodunum, soit une période correspon- dant aux règnes d'Auguste et de Tibère,en focalisant l'attention sur l'urbanisme et l'architecture. La comparaison est permise par un chevauchement ou une très grande proximité chronologique entre les décennies précédant l'abandon de l'oppidum et celles de la fondation puis du développement de la nouvelle capitale. Plutôt que d'inscrire cette approche dans un traditionnel balancement gau- lois/ romain ou dans la recherche des signes du transfert, il s'agit de tenter de mettre en lumière les points communs et la complémentarité de deux sites for…
Les mutations du réseau routier de la période laténienne au début de la période impériale : apport des données archéologiques récentes
2011
La question des infrastructures routières (et plus spécifiquement des mutations imposées par la mise en place de nouveaux axes militaires dans les années qui ont suivi la conquête) est l'un des phénomènes les plus communément utilisés pour illustrer le rôle moteur qu'aurait joué l'armée dans le processus de romanisation. Si le dossier historique a depuis longtemps fait l'objet d'une lecture critique (Grenier 1934 ; Collectif 1983), les confrontations avec les données archéologiques restent largement en deçà de ce qu'exigerait un tel sujet d'étude. Les travaux récents, qui restent rares, s'appuient généralement sur un dossier élaboré au cours du xixe siècle, alors que les agents voyers, rela…
USING AERIAL IMAGE ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR TOPSOIL, SOIL AND SUBSTRATE MAPPING IN VINEYARDS(BURGUNDY, FRANCE)
2013
International audience; In Burgundy, vineyards present a high diversity of Terroirs, controlled by complex interactions between natural and human factors. The relationship between these factors leads to define wine typicity. However, a better understanding of how Terroirs have been defined is necessary for the sustainable, rational management of vineyard soils.The objectives of the study are (i) to identify Terroirs variability in vineyards of Burgundy (France) at hillslope scale and (ii) to highlight natural (soil, substratum) and anthropogenic factors (management practices) controlling Terroir diversity.To study Terroir at a fine scale, we developed a method based on a very high spatial r…