Search results for "Prejudice"
showing 10 items of 92 documents
Passion and prejudice in research
1997
In every country examined, there are far fewer women in senior positions in science than the number who begin a career in research — and those who do achieve success are paid less than their male colleagues. Irrespective of gender, the distribution of grants for scientific research is grossly skewed in favour of the few at the expense of the many. And members of some ethnic minority groups tend not even to begin careers in research. Why are these discriminatory practices tolerated, and what (if anything) is being done to change this state of affairs?
Los prejuicios no percibidos y el caso Sócrates: un ejemplo paradigmático
2021
En un trabajo anterior defendimos que no se había prestado suficiente atención al procedimiento utilizado en el juicio contra Sócrates, sin que examináramos las causas de esa desatención. Ahora, tras analizarlas, llegamos a la conclusión de que ese procedimiento se habría malentendido completamente al haberse implementado un prejuicio no percibido. Habríamos extrapolado a ese procedimiento los presupuestos individualistas de los procedimientos vigentes hoy en día y, en consecuencia, habríamos estado sordos a lo que nos dice la tradición. Un ejemplo de sordera que podría ser muy útil para detectar otros casos semejantes de implementación de prejuicios no percibidos. In a previous work, we de…
ADATTAMENTO ITALIANO DELLA SCALA DI MOTIVAZIONE INTERNA ED ESTERNA A RISPONDERE SENZA PREGIUDIZIO DI PLANT E DEVINE
2006
The present paper examines the psychometric proprieties of the Italian version of the Internal and External Motivation to Respond Without Prejudice Scale (Plant & Devine, 1998) about Moroccan peoples. Two studies tested the scale's goodness of fit with confirmatory factor analysis and its convergent and discriminant validity. In line with original findings of Plant and Devine, results show a good internal validity of the scale and the expected correlational pattern.
P-Value, Confidence Intervals, and Statistical Inference: A New Dataset of Misinterpretation
2017
Statistical inference is essential for science since the twentieth century (Salsburg, 2001). Since it's introduction into science, the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), in which the P-value serves as the index of “statistically significant,” is the most widely used statistical method in psychology (Sterling et al., 1995; Cumming et al., 2007), as well as other fields (Wasserstein and Lazar, 2016). However, surveys consistently showed that researchers in psychology may not able to interpret P-value and related statistical procedures correctly (Oakes, 1986; Haller and Krauss, 2002; Hoekstra et al., 2014; Badenes-Ribera et al., 2016). Even worse, these misinterpretations of P-value …
Jacqueline Woodson’s narrative style in The Other Side: An African American picture book for children
2012
The Other Side (2001) is a children’s story with multicultural characters and themes that can be regarded as an aesthetic exploration of the human experience in the process of the acquisition of knowledge. Following the Black Arts Movement, Jacqueline Woodson’s work portrays many of the issues that are present in the real world but seldom appear in children’s literature, such as racial division or interracial relationships. Using the metaphor of a fence, this African American author reveals issues of loneliness and friendship, inclusion and exclusion, and the overcoming of prejudice and segregation through the wisdom of Clover and Annie, an African American and a white girl, who become frie…
In search of Experimental Evidence for Secondary Antisemitism
2019

 
 
 In 1955, Adorno attributed antisemitic sentiments voiced by Germans to a paradox projection: The only latently experienced feelings of guilt were warded off by antisemitic defense mecha- nisms. Similar predictions of increases in antisemitic prejudice in response to increased Holo- caust salience follow from other theoretical apparatuses (e.g., social identity theory as well as just-world theory). Based on the – to the best of our knowledge – only experimental evidence for such an effect (published in Psychological Science in 2009), the present research reports a series of studies originally conducted to better understand the contribution of the different assumed mechan…
Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire: Factor structure, psychometric properties and gender differences
2016
Abstract The evolutionary psychological approach links evolved mechanisms of disease-avoidance to prejudices against individuals perceived as a threat to health. Perceived vulnerability to disease works as an adaptive strategy which explains why individuals perceived as a source of contagion are avoided. The self-report Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire, PVDQ, is one of the most widely used to measure subjective vulnerability to disease, however, neither test–retest reliability has been studied nor has factor structure been confirmed so far in this questionnaire. In the present study, a sample of 878 participants completed the PVDQ. Subsamples also completed different scales …
A qualitative emancipatory inquiry into relationships between people with mental disorders and health professionals
2020
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: A therapeutic alliance with people with mental disorders could help increase the efficacy of treatment. The paradigm shift from a paternalistic model to one that respects the person's autonomy has led to professionals accepting the active role of people with mental disorders making decisions that affect their treatment. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: People with mental disorders perceive paternalistic and stigmatizing attitudes from health professionals, and they do not feel involved in decisions about their health, which can render effective therapeutic alliances difficult. The findings reveal that although people in Mediterranean countries are …
Inmigración Haitiana en Rio Grande del Sur, Brasil: Aspectos Psicosociales, Aculturación, Prejuicio y Calidad de Vida
2019
Resumo Este estudo traça um panorama da imigração haitiana no Rio Grande do Sul, quanto a aspectos psicossociais, perfil sociodemográfico e socioeconômico, orientações aculturativas, preconceito e qualidade de vida. A pesquisa, de delineamento quantitativo transversal, contou com a participação de 67 imigrantes haitianos, com idades entre 19 e 58 anos (M = 33,87; DP = 5,47). A amostra é predominantemente composta por homens (77,6%), com alta escolaridade (M = 10,5; DP = 4,53) e que falam o idioma português (56,7%). A orientação aculturativa mais frequente é a de integração, que é mais presente entre homens, quem acessou o sistema brasileiro de assistência social; os mais jovens, os com maio…
Ingiustizia del danno da covid
2022
Il capitolo sollecita una riflessione sul ruolo che, nell’ambito di un contesto di danni di massa, può di fatto rivestire l’istituto della responsabilità civile, le sue funzioni, e i suoi limiti. Muovendo dagli aspetti rilevanti del fenomeno pandemico nella prospettiva del diritto della responsabilità civile e dalla corretta individuazione dei criteri che presiedono alla formulazione del giudizio di responsabilità, l’indagine si concentra sul tema dell’ingiustizia del danno, quale snodo centrale per l’affermazione di una responsabilità civile. Che vi sia un danno, anzi diverse tipologie di danno, da Covid-19 è indubbio, non altrettanto certo e oggetto di analisi è, invece, se questi danni s…