Search results for "Preparation"

P 56 tDCS shows no effects on motor cortex excitability at rest

2017

Introduction Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a widely used technique in research and clinics. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are not yet clear. Modeling studies suggest that the electric field during tDCS is dominated by a tangential component which predominantly modifies active synaptic connections ( Radman et al., 2007 ). We have previously shown that tDCS with an increased tangential compared to the conventional montage introduced by Nitsche and Paulus (2000) , suppresses the effects of paired associative stimulation of the supplementary motor area and the primary motor cortex (PASSMA-M1) independent of tDCS polarity (Faber et al., under submission). H…

Correlation of plasmid DNA supercoiling and the efficiency of plasmid gene transcription

2007

Divergent route to the preparation of hybrid Pt–Fe 2,4,6-Tris(4-ethynyl)phenyl-1,3,5-triazine metallodendrimers for nonlinear optics

2013

Abstract: The synthesis strategy for the preparation of novel platinum acetylide homometallic and heterobimetallic dendrimers (containing Fe as the other metal fragment) based on a 2,4,6-tris(4-ethynyl)phenyl-1,3,5-triazine core (3) is reported. All the dendrimer generations (G0G2) were synthesized under copper-free conditions following a divergent route. The G0-Pt dendrimer (4) was synthesized using the 1,3,5-triazine core (3) and cis-[Pt(PEt3)2Cl2] with a molar ratio of 1/4. The advantage of the current method is that different dendrimers can be prepared by following the same procedure with only changes in the molar ratios of the reactants involved. For instance, when 3 reacts with 4 in a…

UV-induced cross-linking of proteins to plasmid pBR322 containing 8-azidoadenine 2′-deoxyribonucleotides

1988

Abstract An efficient method of cross-linking DNA to protein is described. The method is based on the incorporation of photoactive 8-azidoadenine 2′-deoxyribonucleotides into DNA. We have found that 8-N 3 dATP is a substrate for E. coli DNA polymerase I and that 8-N 3 dATP can be incorporated into plasmid pBR322 by nick-translation. Subsequently we were able to cross-link a set of different proteins to 8-azido-2′-deoxyadenosine-containing pBR322 by UV irradiation (366 nm). No DNA-protein photocross-linking was observed under the same conditions when the non-photoactive plasmid pBR322 was used.

Phytoestrogens increase the capacity of serum to stimulate prostacyclin release in human endothelial cells

2003

Both the estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta isoforms are expressed in the endothelium. The ER beta has been assigned a crucial role in normal vascular wall function. Prostacyclin has been ascribed a beneficial effect on vessel wall physiology. Isoflavones bind with higher affinity to ER beta. We investigated the hypothesis that their administration to postmenopausal women can promote endothelial prostacyclin production.Twenty-five healthy postmenopausal women with mild climacteric symptoms received capsules containing 55 mg/day isoflavones derived from soy and red clover for 6 months. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed for 24 h to serum collected before…

Absorption of oxybutynin from vaginal inserts: drug blood levels and the response of the rabbit bladder.

2000

Abstract Objectives. Oxybutynin has been used for treatment of urge urinary incontinence for more than 20 years. However, one of the major problems with its use is uncomfortable anticholinergic side effects that can lead to discontinuation of treatment. Alternative forms of drug administration may reduce side effects and thus improve patient compliance. Methods. A cylinder-shaped, curved silicone elastomer insert containing oxybutynin was anchored in the vagina of female rabbits. The inserts were designed to release oxybutynin at rates of 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/day, respectively. Blood drug and metabolite levels were monitored for 1 to 7 days and cystometry was carried out after 7 days of tre…

Determination of pesticides and veterinary drug residues in food by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: A review

2015

Monitoring of pesticides and veterinary drug residues is required to enforce legislation and guarantee food safety. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the prevailing technique for assessing both types of residues because LC offers a versatile and universal separation mechanism suitable for non-gas chromatography (GC) amenable and the majority of GC-amenable compounds. This characteristic becomes more relevant when LC is coupled to MS because the high sensitivity and specificity of the detector allows to apply generic sample preparation procedures, which simultaneously extract a wide variety of residues with different physico-chemical properties. Determination of metabolites …

PML nuclear body-residing proteins sequentially associate with HPV genome after infectious nuclear delivery.

2019

Subnuclear promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear bodies (NBs) are targeted by many DNA viruses after nuclear delivery. PML protein is essential for formation of PML NBs. Sp100 and Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier (SUMO) are also permanently residing within PML NBs. Often, large DNA viruses disassemble and reorganize PML NBs to counteract their intrinsic antiviral activity and support establishment of infection. However, human papillomavirus (HPV) requires PML protein to retain incoming viral DNA in the nucleus for subsequent efficient transcription. In contrast, Sp100 was identified as a restriction factor for HPV. These findings suggested that PML NBs are important regulators of early stages o…

A20 Sample preparation for whole-genome next-generation sequencing (NGS) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) routine RNA samples

2019

Abstract Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a technique that can capture the variability of viral populations in transmission studies. The conventional sample preparation for NGS, based on amplicons, is a potential source of errors, derived from the variable affinity of specific primers for different viral variants and from irregular DNA polymerase efficiency. In this context, we propose a more reliable method for viral whole genome sample preparation, starting from nucleic acids obtained and stored with conventional procedures. Our goal was to obtain complete hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome sequences to subsequently perform extensive phylogenetic analyses. Additionally, we aimed to test th…

A new FESEM procedure for assessment of XRD microstructural data of kaolinites

2007

Abstract A sample preparation method for FESEM microstructural analysis of sheet silicates using oriented aggregates on metallic strips parallel to the electronic beam is described. The method allows the easy measurement of thickness of kaolinite crystallites. The results have been compared to the apparent crystallite size measured by XRD The performed measurements for a set of selected kaolinites are in the range 15–60 nm and show a good correlation with XRD crystallite thickness (in the range 11–48 nm) obtained by the Voigt function method.