Search results for "Press"
showing 10 items of 15058 documents
Integrated signaling network involving calcium, nitric oxide, active oxygen species but not mitogen-activated protein kinases in BcPG1-elicited grape…
2006
We have already reported the identification of the endopolygalacturonase 1 (BcPG1) from Botrytis cinerea as a potent elicitor of defense responses in grapevine, independently of its enzymatic activity. The aim of the present study is the analysis of the signaling pathways triggered by BcPG1 in grapevine cells. Our data indicate that BcPG1 induces a Ca2+ entry from the apoplasm, which triggers a phosphorylation-dependent nitric oxide (NO) production via an enzyme probably related to a NO synthase. Then NO is involved in i) cytosolic calcium homeostasis, by activating Ca2+ release from internal stores and regulating Ca2+ fluxes across the plasma membrane, ii) plasma membrane potential variat…
Reverse-engineering the Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptional network under changing environmental conditions
2009
46 pages, 4 tables, 6 figures, 3 additinoal files.
Spatial monitoring of gene activity in extraradical and intraradical developmental stages of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by direct fluorescent in si…
2008
International audience; Gene expression profiling based on tissue extracts gives only limited information about genes associated with complex developmental processes such as those implicated in fungal interactions with plant roots during arbuscular mycorrhiza development and function. To overcome this drawback, a direct fluorescent in situ RT-PCR methodology was developed for spatial mapping of gene expression in different presymbiotic and symbiotic structures of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. Transcript detection was optimized by targeting the LSU rRNA gene of Glomus intraradices and monitoring expression of a stearoyl-CoA-desaturase gene that is consistently expressed at high levels in…
Coupling transcriptomics and behaviour to unveil the olfactory system of Spodoptera exigua larvae
2020
AbstractChemoreception in insects is crucial for many aspects related to food seeking, enemy avoidance, and reproduction. Different families of receptors and binding proteins interact with chemical stimuli, including odorant receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), gustatory receptors (GRs), odorant binding proteins (OBPs) and chemosensory proteins (CSPs). In this work, we describe the chemosensory-related gene repertoire of the worldwide spread pest Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuide) focusing on the transcripts expressed in larvae, which feed on many horticultural crops producing yield losses. A comprehensive de novo assembly that includes reads from chemosensory organs of larva…
No inbreeding depression in sperm storage ability or offspring viability in Drosophila melanogaster females.
2013
Mating between relatives usually decreases genetic quality of progeny as deleterious recessive alleles are expressed in inbred individuals. Inbreeding degrades sperm traits but its effects on sperm storage and fate within females are currently unknown. We quantified the relationship between the degrees of inbreeding relevant to natural populations (f=0, 0.25 and 0.50) and the number of sperm inseminated and stored, sperm swimming speed, long-term sperm viability while in storage, pattern of sperm precedence, mating latency, and offspring viability of female Drosophila melanogaster. The use of transgenic flies that have either red or green fluorescent sperm heads allowed us to distinguish tw…
Temperature as a modulator of sexual selection
2018
A central question in ecology and evolution is to understand why sexual selection varies so much in strength across taxa; it has long been known that ecological factors are crucial to this. Temperature is a particularly salient abiotic ecological factor that modulates a wide range of physiological, morphological and behavioural traits, impacting individuals and populations at a global taxonomic scale. Furthermore, temperature exhibits substantial temporal variation (e.g. daily, seasonally and inter-seasonally), and hence for most species in the wild sexual selection will regularly unfold in a dynamic thermal environment. Unfortunately, studies have so far almost completely neglected the rol…
Drosophila cuticular hydrocarbons revisited : Mating status alters cuticular profiles
2010
Editor: Frederic Marion-Poll, INRA - Paris 6 - AgroParisTech, France.; International audience; Most living organisms use pheromones for inter-individual communication. In Drosophila melanogaster flies, several pheromones perceived either by contact/at a short distance (cuticular hydrocarbons, CHs), or at a longer distance (cis-vaccenyl acetate, cVA), affect courtship and mating behaviours. However, it has not previously been possible to precisely identify all potential pheromonal compounds and simultaneously monitor their variation on a time scale. To overcome this limitation, we combined Solid Phase Micro-Extraction with gas-chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry. This allowed us (i…
High-pressure processing of meat and meat products
2016
International audience; High pressure (HP) was first introduced at the end of the nineteenth century in the field of materials chemistry. The first application of high pressure in the food industry was proposed by Hite in 1899 to pasteurize milk and fruit products. The high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment is considered as a nonthermal process, alternative to heat treatments, as it enables inactivation of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in foods. This technology is based on two principles that determine the behavior of foods under pressure. The first is an important principle that underlies the effects on reaction equilibria is known as the principle of Le Chatelier, and the seco…
Lignin Inter-Diffusion Underlying Improved Mechanical Performance of Hot-Pressed Paper Webs
2021
Broader use of bio-based fibres in packaging becomes possible when the mechanical properties of fibre materials exceed those of conventional paperboard. Hot-pressing provides an efficient method to improve both the wet and dry strength of lignin-containing paper webs. Here we study varied pressing conditions for webs formed with thermomechanical pulp (TMP). The results are compared against similar data for a wide range of other fibre types. In addition to standard strength and structural measurements, we characterise the induced structural changes with X-ray microtomography and scanning electron microscopy. The wet strength generally increases monotonously up to a very high pressing tempera…
Interaction of Compounds
2017
Abstract Modern consumers look for functional food products to achieve well-being, preferring natural products, rather than overprocessed ones. New processing technologies have emerged as alternatives to conventional heat treatments with promising results in food development and production. They allow microbiologically safe food products to be obtained while maintaining the food products’ nutritional and sensorial properties. However, the interactions between food compounds (e.g., proteins, carbohydrates, or lipids) promoted by these technologies are still poorly known and require further research. Technologies such as high-pressure processing, pulsed electric field, high-pressure homogeniz…